What do you load your home defense shotgun with?

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I conducted a test with a 14" barrel, 18" barrel and 20" barrel with 00 on Transtar II Targets while stationed at FLETC and they all printed 15" at 25 yards. You could lay all three targets out and if it was not written on the targets the barrel length used there was no way to distinguish pattern density between them.

Col Fackler MD of the Army Wound Ballistic Lab told me that point blank range it did not really matter that much. He was President of the International Wound Ballistics Assn and lots of good work was done. They were published for about ten years and there was nothing new to test so the Association quit publishing. The IWBA has no advertising in its Journals and the dues went to pay printing and mailing costs. No one was paid for articles.

Fackler passed about two years ago just a few weeks after I last talked with him. He was retired in Florida. His specialty in the operating theaters in Nam was bullet and shrapnel wounds. He was asked to author the NATO HANDBOOK ON WAR SURGERY Chapter on "Missile caused wounds."

A friend at the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation had all the copies and he scanned them all and put them in a cloud on the internet for all to see.

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0B_PmkwLd1hmbd3pWYVVJeGlGaFE

For the first few years the names of the Full Members were published as you will see in the Journals above. I suggest you all download the whole file just in case some do gooder wants them removed from the internet down the road which in today's world is entirely possible.

I knew Fackler for several years before he started it and I knew it was coming and to my great surprise he presented my background to the Board and I was inducted as a full member. I almost fell out of my chair when he called me and told me to fill out the paperwork that was inbound to me. As you will see about 95% of the full members were MDs and it is for sure I am not one.

Hope you guys enjoy the reading.
 
Yes the hole will be the same close up. I'm not aware of your situation so I can't condemn your selection. Most people don't have a 20 yard shot in their home. My guess is less than 10 yards for most.

No matter how good you are, 3" magnums will give you more recoil and affect your recovery time. Important if you have more than one target.
I've measured and the longest possible shot inside my house is 7 yards, and that's standing with my back to the bathroom wall, shooting through the doorway the length of a hallway. A more realistic shot would be under 5 yards.
 
Fiocci nickel plated low recoil 00 2 3/4. Sometimes for #%€£s and giggles I load up the mag with the 3 in 00 Winchester’s (I think they’re super X, too lazy to check, they’re deep in the ammo safe), or Winchester Defenders.
 
Before it was stolen the 590 was kept loaded with 9 pellet 00 buck. I would load the tube, chamber a round, but not top it off. I had a 6 shot sidesaddle on which I kept 4 more buckshot rounds and 2 Federal high penetration rifled slugs. The ghost ring sights were sighted in for the slugs at 40 yards.

I've seen birdshot fail to stop two pound rodents at inside-the-house ranges to consider it for self defense against anything larger than a chipmunk.
 
For personal defense and law enforcement applications, the International Wound Ballistics Association advocates number 1 buckshot as being superior to all other buckshot sizes.

Number 1 buck is the smallest diameter shot that reliably and consistently penetrates more than 12 inches of standard ordnance gelatin when fired at typical shotgun engagement distances.

A standard 2 ¾-inch 12 gauge shotshell contains 16 pellets of #1 buck. The total combined cross sectional area of the 16 pellets is 1.13 square inches. Compared to the total combined cross sectional area of the nine pellets in a standard #00 (double-aught) buck shotshell (0.77 square inches), the # 1 buck shotshell has the capacity to produce over 30 percent more potentially effective wound trauma. In all shotshell loads, number 1 buckshot produces more potentially effective wound trauma than either #00 or #000 buck. In addition, number 1 buck is less likely to over-penetrate and exit an attacker's body.


I know the Firearms Tactical Institute recomends #1 Buck:


But the tests I've seen of #4 Buck through 4 layers of denim changed my mind about it and has me convinced that #4 Buck is effective.

In the IWBA denim protocol, The majority of the #4 Buckshot pellets seem to penetrate 13" to 14" with some of the pellets traveling as far as 15" a few stopping at 11"



They seem to do OK in bare gel tests too:



The #1 Buck seems to penetrate to 18" in the IWBA protocol

 
My home defense 870 has 6 Federal #1 buck in the tube, and 2 more along with 4 Winchester segmenting slugs in the sidesaddle. I have an additional 4 boxes of #1 and 2 of slugs handy in case (Lord forbid!) it's a riotous siege that threatens my household.

I also have a Lefever SxS 16 ga that was made into a coach gun (the end of the barrels were hopelessly pitted so they were shortened). This, too has several boxes of Federal #1 buck available if needed.

Personally, I won't drop below #1 buck. I just don't have faith in the smaller pellets penetrating as many possible suspect scenarios as #1 and larger. (Heavy jacket or hoodie, standing sideways, etc.) If I was to use 0,00,or 000, those rounds would also leave me feeling fine.
 
I never see #1Buck for sale around here so settled on 0 buck to be assured of penetration. Some of the new big box stores have opened in the area and I haven't had a chance to cruise their stocks.
 
A quick note... for home defense purposes I made a point of doing some measurements of the exact distance from various points in my house to the probable locations that might be downrange in that once in a lifetime moment.... Co-relate that to known pattern spread and you end up learning just how important that careful aim is when you're scared to death and it's all on the line...

That question about possible hostage scenarios takes on new meaning when you realize that at really close quarters (say six feet) the pattern on your shotgun might only be two inches.... Yes, you also have to consider the wadding since it's capable of wounding at close quarters.....

Just something to ponder when considering the un-thinkable...
 
Number 1BK. I have been very happy since I switched from 12ga to 16ga because it greatly reduces ammo selection making my life whole lot easier. I no longer have to feel like I am trying to pick box of cereal at a supermarket when I shop for ammo.
 
I have hit four big box stores and only No 1 Buck found was 20 ga so am still looking. Right now I am using "0" buck as that is closest and already have several hundred rounds "on board".
 
Certain Walmarts used to carry grey-boxed 12ga Winchester 1bk loads. Those were them good ones in 2&3/4" cases and initial velocity of about 1250 fps. Very sensible balanced load. Don't know if they still do.
 
Ours doesn't, or I'd have some. But I scored 625 rounds of Remington 0 Buck at Sportsman's Guide, plus the 5 .30 cal. cans they came in, for $2.99 each can some years ago, so I'm set for buckshot for a while.
 
I bought some of the Remington 'Ultimate Home Defense' 2x4 loads, fired a few into my Rubber Dummy target, then fired a few 2 3/4 00 buck loads. Decided to stick with the 00 buck loads for in the gun and in the saddle, but did add a few of the 2x4's to the shot-card I keep hanging behind the door. Both are fine loads and probably basically equal at house ranges, but I have a garage 25 yards away and wanted the 'reach' of the larger pellets.
 
That question about possible hostage scenarios takes on new meaning when you realize that at really close quarters (say six feet) the pattern on your shotgun might only be two inches.... Yes, you also have to consider the wadding since it's capable of wounding at close quarters.....

We did some testing years ago at work. Hopefully this will give everyone an idea of what they can expect in terms of patterns if they do need a high precision shot. In short a modern high quality HD/SD round you can pick an eye socket out to 7yds most of the time. Even plain jane hunting and practice loadings have surprising good precision at common interior distances (4 yds and in).

-Jenrick
 
After spending several days shooting 2 3/4 inch 00 Buck and reduced recoil and 3 inch magnums I settled on the 2 3/4 reduced recoil rounds. Much better reset and they do not beat you to death. Remember you are only yards away and even Augila mini shells should be ok but you must make sure your gun runs these shells successfully, mine does not.
 
I did that for a while, Jeff, but with Remington Sluggers instead of Brennekes. Currently I have 2 Rem. 0Buck, followed by a Win PDX1 Buckn' ball, another 0Buck, anchored with another PXD1.
 
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