My state doesn't have a class requirement for a permit. Is it normal for the class to provide the firearm and ammunition? I would think part of the test would be to prove familiarity with your own weapon.
There are three basic purposes for any state-required concealed carry basic course (that is, the training required by a state for the permit or license):
1. Training in handgun safety (essentially the Four Rules).
2. Training in that state's laws and regulations regarding public carry and discharge of handguns, especially regarding self defense.
3. Demonstration of basic safe handling and marksmanship.
Note that as mentioned above, these courses are designed to meet the absolute minimum requirement set in law. Almost every instructor will recommend we all go through more advanced courses on self defense and carry, to include both classroom and range time.
States are across the board on including one, two, or all three of those purposes in their required course. For instance, for my original concealed handgun permit (CHP) in Virginia, only #1 is required (VA even accepts an online-only course for the requirement). In my new home in Arkansas all three are required. In addition, in Arkansas if you use a revolver to qualify in your course, your license is only for revolvers; if you use a semi-automatic, your license allows carry of any legal handgun. You have to research each specific state's permit or license requirements to find out what they cover.
As far as whether instructors provide guns and ammunition, I think that is an option for each instructor, and not part of any state's requirement. Some instructors may provide the gun and ammo so they know THEY are fully familiar with it and can guide the students on all aspects of handling, clearing misfires, etc. That also ensures the instructors can rely on the guns in use as being in good shape and safe for use.