What cartridge?

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I would say 762x39 for the 200 yard range. Stupid cheap. Better for deer then the 5.56 and is accurate from the ruger americam.

Since 600 might be possible. I would go 308. Remington has reduced recoil loads for it, and still has cheap surplus ammo. And will be great for deer.
 
I don't think you can beat a 30-06 if you can only have one caliber and you are entertaining hunting in the future. It'll recoil more than something smaller but it's still very comfortable for target shooting and it gives you the flexibility to hunt anything in North America very effectively at ranges as far out as most hunters would ever try on game. I've killed up to and including a large Alaskan bull moose with my '06, and just last week took a mule deer at 225 yards across a draw.
 
Thanks for the responses.

Just to clarify: I do reload, but I rarely have the time after having more than one kid. Honestly, if I have two or three hours to myself on a weekend, I am going fishing or hiking or maybe hitting the range instead of reloading in the basement. The only way that changes is during winter, but those occasions are pretty rare, anyway. Availability of factory loaded ammunition is a concern, but all three of these rounds are pretty widely available.

If hunting is out of the equation and you’re buying the ammo, .223 There should be no shortcomings at your range and it will provide a bit of challenge at your buddy’s, depending on target.

Depending on circumstances you might also consider an AR rather than bolt action for the sake of versatility, especially given the possibility of sharing your hobby with your household.

I've thought about that some, but I am pretty set on a bolt action for the sake of a bolt action. I have a flip phone and some revolvers in my safe, so outdated technology doesn't scare me. As far as the family goes, I have a CZ 452 and a Browning Buck Mark that I use with inexperienced shooters (I have introduced four people to shooting over the years).

On a personal note, I have found that engaging my wife and children in shooting sports not only affords us meaningful family time but also more leniency in budgeting for it. That may not be a universal tenet but it couldn’t hurt.

Very, very true.

As a target round and dual purpose big game round 6.5 CM is as good as it gets with recoil splitting the difference between 243 and 308..

That is a great point.
 
I would suggest applying your considered calibers and bullet weights into a shooters calculator so you can see the difference in performance at distance.
As stated there are advantages for both hunting and target which makes for decisions.
243 and 270 are pretty flat shooters and boast some similar qualities. Only difference I would consider for hunting the biggest difference is bullet energy at distance. I would trust the capability of the 270 at longer distance than the 243. But to hit a target it's not even a consideration.
308 and 3006 afford decent variations in bullet weight for most any application and they too have some similar range qualities.
The 308 has ammo advantages in bulk market and I've seen it pretty inexpensive compared to others plus other than 308win there is also 7.62 x 51. 308 win being a tad hotter of the two. So if you have a rifle rated at 308 win then you have doubled your choice. Some say shooting 308 win in 7.62 rated is no big deal and it's true the pressure difference is small. But I'm not one to do such and that's just me.
3006 for target as opposed to the 7.62 or 308 can get pricey to shoot in comparison and is not going to provide an extreme advantage. IMO
The 5.56/223 is very affordable to feed. The 5.56 will provide that dual ammo capability and I have taken white tail up to 150 yards using 223. Plus it's easy on you to shoot. I consider the 243 and 270 also easy to shoot. The marked difference starts when you get to 30cal and up. That is a considerable consideration if you plan on running several hundred rounds when target shooting.
 
There are a lot of good options as everyone has said. It really comes down to preferences here. Find the feature, price point, and models that fit and buy the one that is the best deal in one of the common calibers mentioned above. The 6.5 Creedmoor is a good option in a new rifle, but a lot of people sold good rifles in other calibers to buy one. So check the used racks for deals.

I’d probably look for a 1-9 or faster .223, but not be surprised if I came home with a nice used .243, 270, or .308. When I was in a similar place, I wound up buying a Moisin-Nagant (back when they were $120 and I cursed myself for missing the $80 rifles) and building a 20 inch AR in 5.56. I’m not really an AR person but I’m glad I did and I do like it, but it’ll be an only child. Black plastic guns are functional and once you fit that role you have a good, effective tool to accomplish a task. Blued steel and walnut bolt guns have more going on.

If you aren’t likely to deer hunt much the .223 would work if you work up a good load. Also you may be able to borrow a rifle hunting at longer distances in those rare instances you need it (or shotgun slugs are a possibility too).
 
If you primarily want to target shoot but will probably hunt some and you already reload, I’ll take all the suggestions here and synthesize them into one new suggestion. WSM’s. You get the short fat case of the 6.5 creedmore, use less powder than the standard magnums, get that 600yd range you are seeking, can hunt pretty much anything you’d want, and depending on which you choose (I like .300) you’ll probably have great bullet options. If you don’t reload and I read that wrong, never mind. If you do, they’re just wonderful.
 
If it were my .308 would top the list of those choices but the other 3 all have merit. If your hunting anything in North American and don't mind a powerful blast the 30-06 is clearly the best. 6.5 is probably better for just target shooting but will do the job deer hunting. My personal choice is 7-08. Other cartridges mentioned have merit except the .270 for accuracy.
 
Taking into consideration the intended usage information OP provided, I would also recommend a 1/8 twist .223 if it is legal for deer where OP would hunt because it less expensive and recoiling.

Within the provided choices, the 6.5 Creedmoor, which surely is enough for deer, is the best target round, it recoils the least.

My personal choice for a single centerfire bolt action rifle cartridge would be .30-06 Springfield. I would then shoot targets mostly with the CZ 452. 200 yards is another story with a .22 LR! But I diverge, it is not what OP wants to do.
 
I'm thinking about buying a bolt-action rifle so that I can stop borrowing those of my friends when we head to our rifle ranges. Primarily, I plan to use it shooting at my club (maximum 200 yards) or my friend's club (maximum 600 yards, but I am not likely to shoot that soon). It may also see duty in the future as a deer rifle.

A while ago, I thought that I would buy the venerable .30-06. It is a good all-around cartridge that is available everywhere. Then I thought about .308. Ditto. For the last year or so, I find myself wondering if it would be smarter to choose 6.5 Creedmoor. Those 6.5mm bullets have such good numbers, and that round would be more pleasant to shoot at the range.

The tricky thing is that this isn't one of those buy-all-three situations. I plan to spend decent money on a scope, and with kids in the house, my disposable firearms income sadly isn't what it used to be. This is likely to be my only bolt-action centerfire for a long time.

Thoughts?
30-06
I bought one 40 years ago because Service Merchandise put it on sale, price dropped 10% every week until I couldn't walk away. "It's worth that if I just ruin it with experiments..." Never needed another one since. I can still take that out of the safe, pull down some ammo off the shelf, walk out the front door and kill any thing that walks, crawls or flies pretty much any where in the United States with it and do it further away than I can see it with out a telescope.
 
Ya I am not a big 270 fan but I have owned some and it's no different from any other cartridges out there. I even had a savage axis that would shoot 1/2 with rem core lokt 150s.

You put a good barrel on a 270 Win and it will shoot well

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Velocities are a let down. From the decades of in print claims that I have read about the 130 and 150 grain bullet velocities, I am blowing primers on the low end. I can push a 150 faster in the 308 Win than a 270 Win.

You can't go wrong with a 30-06. Those who don't consider it a target round are not shooting in competition anyway. The cartridge is plenty accurate for the rifles it is chambered in. Such as this Ruger #1

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Three shot groups are the current Gold standard for accuracy and consistency, so a five shot group is 66% more impressive than a 3 shot group.


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all the way out to 600 yards. Which is a ridiculous distance to shoot, unless you already have verified zero's. People who only read internet nonsense think that hitting dead center at 600 yards, or 1000 yards only requires an expensive gun and the cartridge du jour, but get out there at the range, 600 yards is a long way. Placing a round in the X ring, cold bore, is an accomplishment at 600 yards.

I did not do it here:

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One of the great things about the 30-06 is that the loads have all been determined and you don't need to push pressures to create accurate and powerful ammunition

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Forty seven grains of IMR 4895 was a well established target load before I was born.

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I wanted to see how the pulled Fed Fusion bullets did in this rifle. Shot well enough at 300 yards

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A very critical issue that none of the long range types talk about is the lack of bullet expansion below 1800 fps with the current crop of rifle bullets. Few bullets will expand past 400 yards. I suspect the "mono lithic" bullets are even worse, though I don't know. No one wants to talk about this because when the velocity drops below the speed necessary for expansion, then all you are doing on the animal is poking a small hole. Might as well be shooting FMJ or armor piercing. How many can hold within 8 inches of the aim point at extreme range? (typical value for a vital zone) Not being able to hit the vital zone, and then using a non expanding bullet is most unethical as it will create un necessary pain and suffering to the animal. The long range types won't honestly recount how many animals they have hit at extreme distances that ran off hundred of yards from the impact point, only to die a suffering death. Long range types don't track, or can't track, if it does not fall down right where they aimed, they go looking for another animal to wound. For many of them, an animal is just a target, no different from a gong, a rock, or a piece of paper.
 
What do you mean?

The man wants a cartridge for range work out to 600 yards. Most of the other cartridges have set accuracy records at one time. Some were designed for competition. The 270 has never been successful or record setting as a long range accuracy cartridge. Not that 270's can't be very accurate. But they are a handicap compared to most of the others and you are not likely to win against the others. It is by far the most over rated cartridge ever. Go ahead check the record books. However it is a good hunting cartridge.
 
The man wants a cartridge for range work out to 600 yards. Most of the other cartridges have set accuracy records at one time. Some were designed for competition. The 270 has never been successful or record setting as a long range accuracy cartridge. Not that 270's can't be very accurate. But they are a handicap compared to most of the others and you are not likely to win against the others. It is by far the most over rated cartridge ever. Go ahead check the record books. However it is a good hunting cartridge.

I remember reading an article by Layne Simpson where he shot a bench rest, heavy barrel rifle in 270 Win and it shot sub MOA. The cartridge is inherently accurate. I believe the reason it was not a popular target round dealt with a number of factors, including the rules. For years you shot 30 caliber because the military did not want you shooting anything but a 30-06 or 308. So the across the course and long range NRA rules were written that way. And then, the good target bullets were 30 caliber. Even the 6.5 cartridges languished due to the lack of good target grade bullets. For some reason 6.5 and 284 target bullets have been much more abundant than 277, it is like the caliber is skipped. Heck if I know why.

Another reason for the lack of popularity is that the 270 Win is a barrel burner compared to a 30-06 or 308, and is a long action round. You don't have to push a bullet that hard in a 30 caliber barrel to have outstanding accuracy out to 600 yards. So you can have 5000 round accuracy lives. Currently guys are hot loading their 185 Bergers and 200 Bergers for F Class at 1000 yards and I am told 308 barrels are toast at 1500 rounds, but for across the course, only 20 rounds out of an 80 round match were at 600 yards. And then, recoil of the 270 Win is almost as stout as a 30-06. So, for a shooter looking to reduce his flinch, the 270 Win was not the path forward. I shot barrels out of long action rifles, and preferred short actions in the rapids because I had to roll around less to keep clear of the bolt. The 270 Win is, of course, a long round.
 
If we read what the OP has written we find that he intends to target practice on paper, can reload but has too little time or inclination of late, is concerned about availability of accurate factory loads, and may in the future have want of it as a deer rifle.

In keeping with those criteria I continue to press the idea of low cost, low recoil .223 If hunting is an outside chance I’d say... .223 and pick up a $250 CVA Hunter in .243 to swap his scope onto for the season. Both calibers meet the criteria plus ammo cost savings will pay for the second rifle, or more trigger time with the first.

I feel looking too far down the road can sometimes lead you past your present needs toward too big a compromise. I’ll also mention that for a casual hunter, Classic Firearms has the Savage Axis on sale for $165 after rebate or under $200 for the scoped combo. Jumping on that deal might settle the dust on both accounts for now, allowing time to consider budget for good glass and a second rifle better suited to range duty.
 
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If we read what the OP has written we find that he intends to target practice on paper, zero mention of hunting, can reload but has too little time or inclination of late, and is concerned about availability of accurate factory loads.

In keeping with those criteria I continue to press the idea of low cost, low recoil .223 If hunting were an outside chance I’d say... .223 and pick up a $250 CVA Hunter in .243 to swap his scope onto for the season. Both calibers meet the criteria plus ammo cost savings will pay for the second rifle, or more trigger time with the first.

"It may also see duty in the future as a deer rifle."

The very first post.
 
The man wants a cartridge for range work out to 600 yards. Most of the other cartridges have set accuracy records at one time. Some were designed for competition. The 270 has never been successful or record setting as a long range accuracy cartridge. Not that 270's can't be very accurate. But they are a handicap compared to most of the others and you are not likely to win against the others. It is by far the most over rated cartridge ever. Go ahead check the record books. However it is a good hunting cartridge.

I certainly wouldn’t say it’s a good target cartridge because it’s not. I also believe what’s been stated many times as the reasons it’s not, namely as a non military round there were never any target cartridges developed for the .270. That’s not the case anymore, there have been a number of non military cartridges developed which have been successful in target shooting, starting with the .222(the .222 comes to mind but there may be others before it).

I don’t believe the .270 is overrated though. I’m a big fan.
 
As a lover of the 30-06, I would not recommend it. When it comes to cool rifle options, .308 and it's offspring take the cake and all the neat rifles are chambered in short action. I know, because I'm always looking for a cool 30-06 but no one makes them.

Since this will mostly be a target gun, with a little bit of hunting, going 308 or 6.5creed will give you the best options for rifles.

So my vote is:

1. 6.5 Creed
2. 308
3. 243
4. 223/556
Wildcard: 6.5 Grendel or 7.62x39
 
I'm thinking about buying a bolt-action rifle so that I can stop borrowing those of my friends when we head to our rifle ranges. Primarily, I plan to use it shooting at my club (maximum 200 yards) or my friend's club (maximum 600 yards.....

The tricky thing is that this isn't one of those buy-all-three situations. I plan to spend decent money on a scope, and with kids in the house, my disposable firearms income sadly isn't what it used to be. This is likely to be my only bolt-action centerfire for a long time.

Thoughts?

.308

Nothing against a 6.5, but if you are shooting out to 600 yards and deer hunting and have limited income, and don’t reload, I bet you’ll find it is easier on the wallet.

Very decent military ammo can be had for a reasonable price, and accuracy is fine for what you’re doing. Check out the reviews on this MEN ammo at the link below...

https://www.sgammo.com/product/308-...-nato-147-grain-ammo-made-germany-men-men762a
 
started with the .270 in 1963 . I went to the .308 in 1978 (not counting military use,} used the 30-06 extensively, the .264 WM , .338 WM some, the .375 H&H a lot and 45-70 and currently as an elder the .243 mostly with a little .35 Rem. for close range work. I have a 6.5 Creedmore in an AR 10 and experimented with it the last couple years quite a bit. If I were you , yes I would buy a good 6.5 Creedmore . It fits what you want to do to a "T" !
 
I certainly wouldn’t say it’s a good target cartridge because it’s not. I also believe what’s been stated many times as the reasons it’s not, namely as a non military round there were never any target cartridges developed for the .270. That’s not the case anymore, there have been a number of non military cartridges developed which have been successful in target shooting, starting with the .222(the .222 comes to mind but there may be others before it).

I don’t believe the .270 is overrated though. I’m a big fan.
That's fine. In case you didn't know the .222 was developed as a target cartridge and the .223/ 5.56 NATO was developed by the military based on the .222. That was based on a study that showed a high velocity .22 cartridge could be very devastating.
 
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