House of worship security teams and the 25-yard head shot

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CCW Safe, with whom I have my carry insurance, sends members interesting and informative emails from their blog. Yesterday they sent the below (quoted here from the blog page on their website) which I thought would be good food for discussion here on ST&T.

Note that the author is NOT advocating not PRACTICING 25-yard head shots at the range, but rather generally not TAKING 25-yard head shots in an active shooter situation.

https://ccwsafe.com/blog/34352

HOUSE OF WORSHIP SECURITY TEAMS AND THE 25-YARD HEADSHOT
Posted on 3/1/2021
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HOUSE OF WORSHIP SECURITY TEAMS AND THE 25-YARD HEADSHOT

In the aftermath of the active shooter incident in a White Settlement, Texas church there has been much banter about the importance of being able to make a quick headshot at a distance of 25 yards. I am not exactly sure as to why this exact yardage has been selected. The active shooter was engaged and stopped at a significantly shorter distance.

I am an advocate of always becoming a better shooter. I like the idea of being able to consistently make quick 25-yard head shots and 50-yard body shots, and I have yet to run into that person who dealt successfully with a high-stakes situation of any kind that later said that the time they spent on preparation and training was wasted. However, given a choice between having a member on my House of Worship security team who has great marksmanship skills but little tactical knowledge or one with less marksmanship skill but great tactical knowledge, I prefer the latter. The reason is simple. The second member understands the importance of correctly perceiving what he or she is seeing, has an understanding of the terrain in which the action is taking place, and possesses the ability to choose and move to a better position if necessary in order to take a safer shot and lessen the possibility of other persons in close proximity of being struck by errant rounds.

Shooting a static target is not the same as shooting a target that is in motion. A factor that should be taken into consideration is that the target may move from side to side, up and down, and whenever and wherever at any time of its own choosing. Misses that impact a solid backstop mitigate damage to some extent other than wasting time and perhaps causing the active shooter to then return fire in the team member’s direction, not only endangering that person but those around him or her. However, there are relatively few solid interior walls in most Houses of Worship, and handgun rounds will typically penetrate sheetrock walls. Many Houses of Worship have a greeting area and hallways just outside of the sanctuary, and it is not uncommon for others to be present in them during the service.

Another problem for members of the House of Worship security team is the high probability that panicked parishioners may literally pop up from the pews and start moving at any time, perhaps at the same time a member of the team has achieved a good sight picture and is completing the press of the trigger. The very nature of making a long-distance shot with an iron-sighted pistol calls for a hard focus on the front sight of the handgun. Doing so makes it more difficult to see and respond to what may be happening between the front sight and the shooter. Advocates of red dot sights on pistols may correctly assert that their vision is less hampered in this event since the focus is placed on the target instead. Regardless, a seated person may suddenly stand up or run right through the field of fire in moment of blind panic.

In light of what I have written above, my opinion must be that the 25-yard headshot is a no-go. That is not correct. There is a place for it at times, but I think what is more important is learning how to maneuver into a position that provides the best opportunity possible to stop the shooter (or shooters) quickly without unduly endangering others given the present circumstances. This often involves getting closer to the active shooter.

There is likely much to gain by getting into a position where one can place multiple accurate rounds into the high upper torso of an active shooter. Hits there are far superior to misses on the head. There is also a reasonable possibility that the shooter will take hits to their extended hands and arms and/or quit the fight or disengage. I understand the importance of head shots in order to take out a suicide bomber before the same can cause a detonation, but that is not the same thing as engaging in a dynamic gunfight in a crowd.

You don’t have to be on a team to run across an active shooter, and when it comes to a fight in a crowd it doesn’t matter where it takes place, whether House of Worship, business, school, or restaurant.
 
I volunteered as armed security at our former church along with about a dozen members who also had law enforcement or military backgrounds. We attended training from an organization called Secure Church, run by former FBI and Secret Service agents. The training was excellent and they did touch on head shots. In short, if you can make that shot there's a benefit as you'll stop the shooter quicker than with a body shot. The difficult part is having the judgement as to whether you can make that shot or not. An active shooter situation is obviously chaotic, and I don't know that there's a definative answer as to whether you take that shot. At 25 yards out in that situation, it's a tough shot to make.
 
I have heard so many different things to compare shooting ability under stress that I don’t even know what to believe. I do know that some folks get super focused and others panic. The super focused folks shoot better and the panicked people are lousy shots. The comparison I take most seriously (but have no backing to say it’s right wrong or indifferent) is that under stress a headshot is about like making a shot on a golf ball at normal times. How far off can a man hit a golf ball with EVERY shot. None of this mess about being on a bench shooting X after X but standing, moving, at a moving target... golf ball every shot... I’m at about 5 yards. 25 yards isn’t even in the discussion, and I’m a pretty solid shot. There are absolutely some guys who can do it, but I fear that I’m not one. Even guys who train for scenarios likely to happen, I think the 25 yard headshot guy is pretty stinkin rare.
 
I am an advisory member of the security team at my particular house of worship. And one of the few with explicit permission from the national regulatory board to be armed at all times. The other armed members and myself practice headshots at distance. But we also practice to target any portion of the body that would change the course of the fight ie not training to shoot off a finger. But an arm, leg, head exposed just might.
 
I have heard so many different things to compare shooting ability under stress that I don’t even know what to believe. I do know that some folks get super focused and others panic. The super focused folks shoot better and the panicked people are lousy shots. The comparison I take most seriously (but have no backing to say it’s right wrong or indifferent) is that under stress a headshot is about like making a shot on a golf ball at normal times. How far off can a man hit a golf ball with EVERY shot. None of this mess about being on a bench shooting X after X but standing, moving, at a moving target... golf ball every shot... I’m at about 5 yards. 25 yards isn’t even in the discussion, and I’m a pretty solid shot. There are absolutely some guys who can do it, but I fear that I’m not one. Even guys who train for scenarios likely to happen, I think the 25 yard headshot guy is pretty stinkin rare.
I like your point about a person knowing his or her own capabilities and very important, personal stress response.
 
The idea that headshots, at any range, are a likely reasonable solution to an armed attack at a church is misguided. Almost every sightline is crowded, and almost every background is populated.

Unless you catch them on the way in the door, closing to powder burn distance before firing is more realistic. That's another reason why there's so many of us.
 
The idea that headshots, at any range, are a likely reasonable solution to an armed attack at a church is misguided. Almost every sightline is crowded, and almost every background is populated.

Unless you catch them on the way in the door, closing to powder burn distance before firing is more realistic. That's another reason why there's so many of us.

There is a significant amount of truth in the above quoted statement. I would be reluctant to be involved in a shooting situation where there is a diverse body of individuals in an enclosed area. The shooting would have to be extremely precise.
 
I've never practiced head shots, never thought about it, I practice body shots using a paper plate and a silhouette regularly and our ranges have always been 7 and 10yrds. When trying a 25yrd head shot, is it done slow fire, draw and fire, after exercise? I'm just trying to add something into our practice, the after a run around a tree exercise has brought up problems with my shooting and shooting hand in a ice water cooler for 2 minutes was eye opening also.
 
How does one practice head shots? I practice hitting where I aim be it head or center mass.

I’ve read that head shots are risky because the head moves so much, I could assume then practice on a moving target would be good practice for head shots?

I’m a member of my church safety team and while we’ve never had an active shooter we’ve had medical emergencies during service and people will react, some positive and some negative.

The emergencies have had a positive effect in that the congregation is becoming conditioned to the Safety Team being in control and are less likely now to rush the scene and allow us to apply our training.
 
I’ve read that head shots are risky because the head moves so much,
One reaon s that it can move very quickly indeed.

The other reason is because the portion inside the head that is the "stop switch" is an extremely small portion of the head itself.
 
Studies show the head isn’t moving as much as people think…after all their (bad guy) is trying to get as “accurate” as possible, so the head will not be moving that much. What happens is the body (yours) dumps adrenalin and you start shaking making the shot harder. Everybody can make all the statements you want about what you would do…you have no idea until it goes sideways or you’ve been in that situation before.
 
I have always wondered why church security teams don't have someone in the choir loft (I realize that not all sanctuaries have a choir loft) with a long gun in an overwatch position.
My church does almost that exact thing. We have a balcony at the rear of the auditorium where the folks who are running sound, lights, etc work. There is a member of the security team on that balcony and they are sufficiently and adequately armed. The area is rather dark so they have pretty free movement until their first and hopefully only shot would be taken. Hopefully that never happens.
 
Studies show the head isn’t moving as much as people think…after all their (bad guy) is trying to get as “accurate” as possible, so the head will not be moving that much. What happens is the body (yours) dumps adrenalin and you start shaking making the shot harder. Everybody can make all the statements you want about what you would do…you have no idea until it goes sideways or you’ve been in that situation before.
“Everybody has a plan until they get punched in the mouth”-Mike Tyson
Everybody’s plan seems to be to shoot a single round from cover while not being shot at themselves. That’s unrealistic. The adrenaline dump and situation specifics as shots ring out and people panic and as a group rush for the exit doors is going to make things wildly different from anything that could be expected. Hollywood is not reality.
 
Studies show the head isn’t moving as much as people think…after all their (bad guy) is trying to get as “accurate” as possible, so the head will not be moving that much. What happens is the body (yours) dumps adrenalin and you start shaking making the shot harder. Everybody can make all the statements you want about what you would do…you have no idea until it goes sideways or you’ve been in that situation before.

Do you have a link to that study? It certainly goes against my personal experience in force on force training using Airsoft, Simunitions and MILES as engagement simulators.
 
I have always wondered why church security teams don't have someone in the choir loft (I realize that not all sanctuaries have a choir loft) with a long gun in an overwatch position.
For special occasions we’ll put a guy up in the sound booth with a radio but so far the rifle idea is just discussed and not acted on.
 
I was also on church security, we had unofficial training from local LEO'S. To me, it's no different than when I'm hunting, IF... IF...IF, I repeat IF a head shot presents itself as a high percentage, viable option, without probable collateral damage, then yes, I'll take it. It's just another tool in the box, but most likely not to be the best one. If I needed to, yes, I could do it from 25yds with most of my full sized cary weapons like my XD40 or my Stoeger 9mm. I wouldn't attempt a head shot more than 5yds with my LCP or any of my other .380's.
Everyone is different and you have to be honest with yourself and limits of your abilities like some here have already mentioned. I'm just lucky enough to be one of those people who doesn't flinch when something blows up beside me or if I'm staring at a muzzle pointed at me, which has happened. Maybe that just means I'm a touch crazy, but I also had some unique training from a young age that gives me more confidence than some. I had a crazy neighbor hog farmer who trusted me to shoot rats in his hog lot, with the live hogs running around like crazy. He would place a blow torch in a rat hole and they would start running out the other holes. I got very good at choosing shots, using my peripheral vision to see errant hogs entering my line of sight, and timing my shots to the anticipated movement of the rats. He never lost a hog because of me, but one did loose part of a hoof once.
I don't know how you could safely duplicate live training like that outside of military training, but I know I wouldn't be so confident orherwise.
 
I don't know how you could safely duplicate live training like that outside of military training,

There are several force on force training options available to the general public. The key (and the hard part) is finding someone who knows how to plan, conduct and review that kind of training. We had a member here, Strambo, who had simunitions and the proper certification and he was offering training in the Pacific Northwest area.
 
Enquiring minds want to know...

Do we know if the security guy in the White Settlement shooting was actually attempting a head shot or just got a lucky head shot?

Long-range proficiency should be just one tool in your tool box. Our church has MANY fields of fire that could necessitate such a shot- it's not a small country house of worship, and has solid brick exterior walls.

The problem with talking head statements like "only close range shooting is viable in a church encounter because of A, B and C" is that they don't work for a church with X, Y and Z, regardless of how many blog followers the poster has for their website or YouTube videos.
 
I have always wondered why church security teams don't have someone in the choir loft (I realize that not all sanctuaries have a choir loft) with a long gun in an overwatch position.

Ours does. Its me. The large downside is we have 2 religious service rooms. The larger one, with the loft is reserved for big holidays. Which don't happen often. For regular service in the smaller room, it is still like shooting fish in a barrel from a tactics standpoint.

I cover a very large house of worship. Some of our larger hallways easily exceed 50 meters in length. Even going for a 25 yard headshot involves closing distance in the large areas.
 
  1. You'll have the opportunity to shoot or you won't. The shot you are offered won't be based on what you want--you won't get pick how the scenario will play out.
  2. You'll take the shot you are offered or you won't. That's it.
  3. If you take a shot, then you'll make it or you won't.
How you practice and your skill level might affect 2 and 3, but it won't affect 1 at all.

So, you have questions to ask yourself. Questions that you will want to answer honestly.
  • Do I have a realistic understanding of how these scenarios can play out?
  • Do I have a realistic understanding of my real-world limitations in the context of a scenario like this?
  • Will I constrain myself to operating within those limitations or will I shoot anyway?
  • Am I willing to (how much am I willing to) work to change those limitations?
 
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