9mm Taper Crimp and OAL

Status
Not open for further replies.

loneviking

Member
Joined
Apr 28, 2008
Messages
1,193
Location
Carson City, NV.
I've seen a couple of threads come through on problems loading the 9x19. I thought I'd share some of my problems and discoveries to help some others along the way. I've been reloading about eight months now, all of it .38/.357 which was fairly easy. Then I picked up a P6 and wanted to load for it. The first big discovery was just how small the 9mm case is when filled with powder! I had picked up some sample, lead 125gr. round nose bullets from West Coast Bullets (aka 'Silver State Bullet) just up the road from me.

All of the manuals give dire warnings against seating the bullets too deep as that can give increased pressure which can blow the gun up. Keep the OAL at 1.00 minimum. None of the manuals show you what the bullet should look like when it's seated in the case!! So, not having a load manual with these exact bullets, here's what the bullet looks like and here's what the first attempted round looked like:

FailedLoad.gif

The bullet is loaded past the cannelure to the flared out base; the OAL is 1.140, which is plenty long enough, and the bullet drops into the barrel with no problem. Good to go, right? Wrong! On the second round downrange the little P6 locked up tighter than a drum. The slide just would not move at all, so I took the problem to my gunsmith who is just up the road from the range.

He kindly took pity on me and proceeded to give me a lesson in what 'taper' meant and where the bullet should be seated. (The ridge at the base of the bullet had jammed into the lands, locking the gun up). 'Taper' is measured from the case neck:

CaseHeadMeasurement.gif

To the case mouth:

CaseMouthMeasurement.jpg

There should be a taper of at least 10/10,000's of an inch between the top of the neck and the mouth. The trick, my gunsmith said, was to make sure to bell the case mouths really well, and then carefully adjust the seater die and plug for a strong crimp. He also said that I needed to seat the bullet past that ring at the base of the bullet, set a tight crimp and then check the OAL. After a bit of tinkering, here's the final result:

IdealLoad.gif

The calipers measurement at the top of the neck is: 0.389 inches
The calipers measurement at the case mouth is: 0.364 inches
The OAL is: 1.006 inches.
Planned load of 4.2 gr. of Unique.

Any thoughts, suggestions or further tips? I hope this helps somebody else...
 
Hot load? That's just over the minimum load listed in the Speer manual for a 125 gr. Speer roundnose of identical design and size. Load table goes from 4.1 to 4.5 gr. of Unique, with velocities of 911 to 1007. What load do you use?
 
"...set a tight crimp." No...Just remove the bell. If you set the crimp too tight the round will drop past the chamber and could be out of reach of the firing pin. And the bore throat will be clamped down on the case mouth causing a high pressure spike when fired...Remember...The 9mmX19 headspaces on the case mouth.
 
measurement at the case mouth is: 0.364 inches
Way too much crimp.

All you want to do is straighten out the case mouth bell.
Not squeeze the bullet under-size with that much crimp!

SAAMI spec for the 9mm Luger case mouth is .380". Do not go more then .378" or so or you will not have enough case mouth to headspace the round in the chamber.

To find the seating depth necessary in the future, take the barrel out of the gun and chamber-check the loads while adjusting the seating depth.

The SIG P6 is short throated for RN-FMJ bullets, and it is quite understandable that your cast bullet shoulder would run into the leade if seated too long.

BTW: The blue ring on the bullet is a grease groove, not a cannelure.

rc
 
It's over crimped.

9mm spec is .391 at the base, and .380~.381 at the mouth. Your .364 is too much, in fact you can see the case bowed in at the top above the base of the bullet.

Crimping too much can actually cause the case to bow out at the bullet base as you squeeze the top in too much. That loosens the case tension on the bullet. Case tension on the sides of the bullet hold it in place, not the crimp. Too much crimp has the opposite effect from what you would think.

4.2gr of Unique is OK for a 125gr lead bullet, that's the lower end.
 
It's over crimped.

9mm spec is .391 at the base, and .380~.381 at the mouth. Your .364 is too much, in fact you can see the case bowed in at the top above the base of the bullet.

Then, I guess I have to figure out how to bell 'em different. I really have to open these cases up to keep the bullet from shaving lead when it seats. The seating die doesn't seem to crimp incrementally very well. When it squeezes, it seems to be an 'all or nothing' deal. Any tips for solving this problem?
 
Way too much crimp.

All you want to do is straighten out the case mouth bell.
Not squeeze the bullet under-size with that much crimp!

SAAMI spec for the 9mm Luger case mouth is .380". Do not go more then .378" or so or you will not have enough case mouth to headspace the round in the chamber.

To find the seating depth necessary in the future, take the barrel out of the gun and chamber-check the loads while adjusting the seating depth.

Using that seating method is what got me in trouble the first time. The bullets seated O.K., I even sent one downrange. The problem was that rim, and the rim is the minimum to set too, not what will fit in the barrel. Or am I missing something here?

The SIG P6 is short throated for RN-FMJ bullets, and it is quite understandable that your cast bullet shoulder would run into the leade if seated too long.

BTW: The blue ring on the bullet is a grease groove, not a cannelure.

O.K., can you explain the difference between a grease groove and a cannelure?

BTW, a big thank you to all of you for your help with these loads!
 
From the top:
30150.jpg

Flat Meplate
Ogive, or point radus
Shoulder, and front driving band
Crimp groove
Driving band
Grease groove
Driving band
Grease groove
Driving band
Bevel base

A cannelure is generally a serrated groove rolled into a bullet jacket, or cartridge case.
If a jacketed bullet, it is used for crimping.
If a cartridge case, it may be applied below the base of the bullet to prevent set-back.

Using that seating method is what got me in trouble the first time. The bullets seated O.K., I even sent one downrange. The problem was that rim, and the rim is the minimum to set too, not what will fit in the barrel.
If the loaded round will drop in the chamber fully when you chamber-check it in the barrel, it will work in the gun when you shoot it in the gun.

rc
 
The seating die doesn't seem to crimp incrementally very well. When it squeezes, it seems to be an 'all or nothing' deal. Any tips for solving this problem?

From that I'll assume you are seating and crimping with the same die. So it will take a couple of steps to get it adjusted just right.

Size the case then run it through the expander die to bell the mouth out.

Screw your seating/crimping die out at least two turns so it doesn't do any crimping, you'll just want to seat the bullet to the correct depth first.

Keep running it up into the seating die while adjusting the seating stem to get the correct overall length.

Once the bullet is seated correctly, so you have the right length, screw the bullet seating stem out several turns so it will no longer touch the bullet. You'll re-adjust the seating stem again later.

Now run the case with seated bullet up into the die and screw it down till it touches the case mouth, you should feel the resistance. Drop the ram slightly and screw the die down an 1/8 of a turn or so, then up in the die and back down again to see how much it crimped. Keep adjusting it down until the case mouth is straightened out and your crimp dimension is correct.

Once the crimp is correct raise the ram so the round is all the way into the die and screw the bullet seating stem down firmly against the bullet, which should still be seated at the correct depth.

Now run a new round through the whole process; size, expand, seat/crimp and it should come out correct.

Unlike rimmed revolver rounds "crimping" is a bit of a misnomer for pistol cartridges. You're not really crimping into anything, just getting rid of the mouth belling you needed to seat the bullet without shaving it.
 
I would suggest seating the bullet and then crimping the case in two seperate steps, especially with lead bullets as shaving. You will run into issues with seating the bullet as the taper crimp is making the case smaller at the same time.

And as everyone else has said, too much crimp, seated too deep, and IMO too hot of a load to start off with on a lead bullet. Cross reference to some other loading manuals or Powder company sites while developing a load. I have found that Speer seems to be relativly high in powder charges especially in with the 9mm. Also, do a lot more reading. Almost sounds like your gunsmith gave you a little bit of bad information, unless you didn't completely understand what he was telling you. Good luck and be safe!
 
Status
Not open for further replies.
Back
Top