I've been busy elsewhere so it's taken me a while to get around to responding.
Walt Sherrill said:
Whether the top of the slide is parallel to the barrel/bore axis or frame has NOTHING to do with how the barrel and slide interact. It has nothing to do with the amount of tilt observed when the gun cycles. It also has virtually nothing to do with anything you've described.
zaitcev said:
This is where you're simply wrong. The difference is simple. On a conventional Browning-style gun, the tilt of the barrel continues to increase as the slide travels to the rear after it's unlocked and the barrel is initially canted. This much should be obvious, right?
No, it's NOT obvious. There IS continuing tilt, and while it might be almost microscopic in long-barreled guns, it is very obvious in short-barreled guns.
Elsewhere in the reply from which the segment above was drawn, you contradict yourself, when you write “All the rest of the travel proceeds without any additional tilting of the barrel.” That's simply not possible – because two different things can cause barrel tilt – 1) the chamber end of the barrel dropping during the disconnection process, and 2) because the front of the slide stays connected with the barrel as the slide moves to the rear, that connection can also cause or continue the tilt. I'll address that later.
I'll say it again: How the TOP OF THE SLIDE aligns with the barrel or frame (or the angle at which the top of the slide sets in its relationship to the barrel) has no effect on barrel tilt. That's because the t
op of the barrel and t
he top of the slide are not functionally connected.
The “classic” CZ-75B is a standard Browning Snort Recoil Locked Breech (
BSRLB) design. It has a 4.6” barrel and a slide that moves about 1.75” to the lock-back point. It can move a bit farther than that and that's what you do when you release the slide manually (not using the slide stop lever.)
- The chamber end of the CZ-75B barrel will eventually drop about 3/16th of an inch as it disconnects from the slide. During that drop the slide will start to guide the spent casing out of the chamber and push the casing against the ejector. It does all of this before it reaches the slide's lock-back point (and it will only lock back point if the magazine is empty) and moves farther to the rear.
While the slide can move beyond the lock-back point (which you see when you manually pull a slide that has locked back to release it,) that extra rearward slide travel distance has no obvious effect on the tilt of the CZ-75B's longer barrel. But because the front of the barrel and slide are still in contact,
there has to be some additional tilt – as the front of the slide is moving to the rear UNDER the tilted barrel. It has to be increasing the tilt given that the other end of he barrel is now lower, even if it's only a very tiny fraction of an inch.
With the full-size CZ-75B, there is almost no visible barrel tilt at any point in the slide's travel from as it moves all the way to the rear. The amount of tilt is just hard to see or measure, and you probably need access to a “cutaway” gun (used for training) to measure it properly. .
The CZ P-07 is also a standard
BSRLB gun. It has a 3.75” barrel and a slide that also moves about 1.75” to the lock-back point. And like the 75B, the slide can be moved beyond the lock-back point.
- Like the CZ-75B, the chamber end of the P-07 barrel will also eventually drop about 3/16th of an inch as it disconnects from the slide. That's when the slide starts to guide the spent casing out the chamber and quickly moves the spent casing to hit the ejector.
- But unlike the CZ-75B barrel, the chamber end of the the P-07 will continue to VISIBLY drop farther as the slide continues to the rear. That additional drop is not needed to make the extraction/ejection process work properly – because the casing is GONE before the travel is completed. But it is needed to allow the slide to move a bit farther. With the longer-barreled guns, there is plenty of barrel space to let the slide continue to the rear, but with shorter barrels, the front of the slide runs out of room. Letting the slide tilt farther frees up a small amount of space as the barrel moves to a near vertical position.
When manually cycling the gun, the front of the slide (which surrounds the barrel) will press against the underside of the barrel if the barrel doesn't get out of the way. When when the chamber end of the barrel hits its stop in the frame, the muzzle end of the barrel arguably still has momentum and will continue to tilt to the rear. (If no momentum, the slide will help it.) The slide must still go back even farther to pick up and strip the next round in the magazine, feed it into the chamber, and move the barrel back into it's proper firing position.
That extra barrel tilt gives the shorter frame and slide a bit more working room so that the slide can move to the rear a bit farther, and the associated barrel tilt is very obvious.
zaitcev said:
But this means that the front bushing continuously exerts upward force onto the barrel when it cycles back, then at the rear of the travel it must absorb the inertial of the barrel's rotation and force it rotating in the opposite direction (assuming a straight barrel ….
The barrel bushing doesn't absorb anything from the slide's travel. The recoil spring assembly does the absorbing – along with the shooter's hands and arms.
The bushing (i.e., the opening in the front of the slide) simply keeps the muzzle and the barrel in close proximity. As already noted, the front of the slide can cause barrel tilt, but it's not the only thing that causes barrel tilt. As the slide starts to move forward (powered by the recoil spring), the opening in the frame will pushes on the top of the barrel forward, which reduces the tilt – and the barrel lug, which is being pushed up by a round being chambered, will also cause barrel tilt to be reduced as the slide and barrel reconnect.
zaitcev said:
(assuming a straight barrel and not something like SIG P290). But on a CZ, all the rotation is done when unlocking (and locking).
The P290 has a straight barrel – SIG just added a Bull Barrel-like flare to the muzzle. That flare looks and seems to act like a barrel bushing when the slide is in battery before the shot is fired , but because SIG designs lock up at the rear of the slide, its hard to explain that strange muzzle shape seen in the image below. It has no other role during the gun's firing cycle. Despite it odd appearance, the SIG P290 is still a BSRLB design and works in the usual way..
(Other guns use a slight bulge in the barrel at the muzzle to properly position the barrel in the slide, and these guns still work in the standard BSRLB manner. You can see a less extreme version of this barrel design by looking at muzzle end of a S&W 4006 barrel..
zaitcev said:
...All the rest of the travel of the slide proceeds without any additional tilting of the barrel.
Without any additional tilting?
As I mentioned this earlier, the only time the slide moves and the barrel doesn't tilt (up or down) is during the first small bit of slide travel to the rear – when all movement is horizontal only – and when the barrel and slide are reconnected and returned to battery. Any other slide movement has to result in some type of slide tilt, up or down, but how that happens varies.
In the Browning Short Recoil Locked Breech design, the barrel and slide and frame have FIXED working relationship. If the bullet starts down the barrel, it will move a fixed distance forward while the slide and barrel will move related fixed distances to the rear.
- If there's no bullet, and the slide is being manually moved, the fixed relationship – minus the bullet – is still there. The barrel disconnects after the same amount of slide travel, and if you're letting it feed a round from the magazine into the chamber, the positions of the slide and barrel and frame are still the same. The source of power underlying the movement is different, but the movement is still a fixed relationship. If you've got a short-barreled gun, you'll see the barrel tilt, and depending on the slide's position on the frame, the amount of barrel tilt you see will vary.
That relationship works in the same way whether the barrel is long or short and whether the bullet is faster or slower – or if you move the slide manually. If the bullet moves faster, or you rack the slide more quickly, the other parts of the relationship move faster; if the bullet moves slower, the other parts move slower. And the bullet – regardless of velocity or weight – will always leave the barrel after the same amount of slide travel. (A faster bullet doesn't leave the barrel with more or less slide travel than a slower barrel – the bullet always leaves the barrel after the same amount of slide movement, The time required to cycle the slide is the only thing that changes.
If the chamber end of the barrel has disconnected from the slide, the muzzle end of the barrel is still in close proximity with the front of the slide, which surrounds the barrel. If one component moves the other will also move.
With long-barreled guns, the amount of tilt is hard to see, but it exists. With short-barreled guns the tilt is much more obvious.... but the extra tilt seen after the round is extracted allows the additional slide movement needed to strip a round from the mag and send them forward to the chamber.
zaitcev said:
So, the force at the front of the slide is much smaller (it's not zero because the frame of the gun is flipping and this motion has to be transferred too, but it's a second order effect).
The force at the front of the slide is the same as the force at the rear of the slide. The fact that the frame is flipping is irrelevant – because the slide and barrel are also flipping along with the frame – the entire weapon is affected by the recoil and the momentum passed to them by the equal but opposite action caused by bullet movement. The weight of the slide as it moves to the rear also disrupts the gun's balance in the shooter's hand --
but you have to remember that the various parts of the gun – barrel, slide, and frame – are locked in a fixed physical relationship that is dependent on slide and barrel movement on the frame, and is powered by the chemistry of the powder in the chamber and barrel and the bullet traveling down the barrel -- or by the shooter manually racking the slide.