I like to look at a variety of things when it comes to research papers.
Where it was published (American Journal of Preventive Medicine).
Who wrote the paper. (In this case, four women: Julie, Rebecca, Vanya, Cassandra.)
What their qualifications are. (PhD, MN, RN, MPH, MSPH)
The subject (Titled "Reasons for gun ownership among demographically diverse new and prior gun owners".)
The methods employed (A "National Survey of Gun Policy" which included 3,096 individuals, of which 1,002 were gun owners. 2,094 were non-gun owners. However, while looking for the actual survey, all I could find amounted to the "results" and not the actual survey contents itself. Link below. This does not mean that the actual survey is not available, it just means I couldn't find it while researching for this post.)
Americans broadly agree on numerous gun violence prevention policies—regardless of their political affiliation or whether or not they own guns—according to a new national public opinion survey from researchers at the Johns Hopkins Center for Gun Violence Solutions.
publichealth.jhu.edu
MY TAKE AWAY:
It's obviously a biased paper which attempts to cloak its conclusions with legitimacy through the use of poor survey techniques and results.
The "survey" information at the Johns Hopkins Center link starts out "
A 2023 national representative public opinion survey from the researchers at the Johns Hopkins Center for Gun Violence Solutions found broad agreement among Americans for gun violence prevention policies - regardless of their political affiliation or whether or not they own guns."
What's interesting about the survey itself is that it purports to be a NATIONAL REPRESENTATIVE PUBLIC OPINION SURVEY on the subject and yet only includes 3,096 people in total, 1/3 of which being actual gun owners. This statistically weighs the outcome towards non-gun owners' opinions on the subject, for one. For another, there are just over 265 million people over the age of 18 in the United States, which means their "representative" sample of 3,096 accounts for 0.00001167 of the adults, or 0.001167%.
To put this into perspective, I'm from Lafayette, Indiana originally. Lafayette and West Lafayette together have a total population of about 225,000. If I were to sample the same fraction of the population of these two cities together as part of a survey, that would be THREE PEOPLE. And of those three people, only ONE would be personally acquainted with the topic of the survey itself.
3,096 people might be representative of a small town, but it sure is NOT representative of an entire nation as diverse as the United States is, politically, economically, racially, etc.
Toss in the fact that the Johns Hopkins Center for Gun Violence Solutions is located in Baltimore, Md, a state known to be very much antithetical to gun ownership, and you have to wonder about WHERE these 3,096 people came from which are supposed to be representative of an entire nation of some 340 million people.
And the organization itself, being both medical and decidedly pro-gun control, does not lend itself towards an unbiased mindset.
SO...the survey itself is strongly suspect as being "representative" of anything at all, much less an entire nation of a third of a billion people.
Then there's the matter of the research paper itself, which appears to be nothing more than cherry picking the data/information from another organization's survey. The people doing so are of an organization (medical) typically seen as pro-gun control, are all of a gender (female) which is by and large seen as pro-gun control, all having degrees in fields historically seen as pro-gun control (PhD, MN, RN, MPH, MSPH), published in a journal likewise seen as pro-gun control.
Then there's the conclusion of this paper which openly proclaims that the information gathered should be used to effect changes to public opinion AWAY from gun ownership and TOWARDS additional gun control measures.
The only polite word I can use to describe this published paper is "sham".