Passive smoking doesn't cause cancer - official
By Victoria Macdonald, Health Correspondent
THE world's leading health organisation has withheld from publication a study which shows that not only might there be no link between passive smoking and lung cancer but that it could even have a protective effect.
The astounding results are set to throw wide open the debate on passive smoking health risks. The World Health Organisation, which commissioned the
12-centre, seven-country European study has
failed to make the findings public, and has instead produced only a summary of the results in an internal report.
Despite repeated approaches,
nobody at the WHO headquarters in Geneva would comment on the findings last week. At its International Agency for Research on Cancer in Lyon, France, which coordinated the study, a spokesman would say only that the full report had been submitted to a science journal and no publication date had been set.
The findings are certain to be an embarrassment to the WHO, which has spent years and vast sums on anti-smoking and anti-tobacco campaigns. The study is one of the largest ever to look at the link between passive smoking - or environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) - and lung cancer, and
had been eagerly awaited by medical experts and campaigning groups.
Yet the scientists have found that there was
no statistical evidence that passive smoking caused lung cancer. The research compared 650 lung cancer patients with 1,542 healthy people.
It looked at people who were married to smokers, worked with smokers, both worked and were married to smokers, and those who grew up with smokers.
The results are consistent with their being
no additional risk for a person living or working with a smoker and could be consistent with
passive smoke having a protective effect against lung cancer. The summary, seen by The Telegraph, also states:
"There was no association between lung cancer risk and ETS exposure during childhood."
A spokesman for Action on Smoking and Health said the findings "seem rather surprising given the evidence from other major reviews on the subject which have shown a clear association between passive smoking and a number of diseases." Roy Castle, the jazz musician and television presenter who died from lung cancer in 1994, claimed that he contracted the disease from years of inhaling smoke while performing in pubs and clubs.
A report published in the British Medical Journal last October was hailed by the anti-tobacco lobby as definitive proof when it claimed that non-smokers living with smokers had a 25 per cent risk of developing lung cancer. But yesterday, Dr Chris Proctor, head of science for BAT Industries, the tobacco group, said the findings had to be taken seriously.
"If this study cannot find any statistically valid risk you have to ask if there can be any risk at all.
"It confirms what we and many other scientists have long believed, that
while smoking in public may be annoying to some non-smokers, the science does not show that being around a smoker is a lung-cancer risk." The WHO study results come at a time when the British Government has made clear its intention to crack down on smoking in thousands of public places, including bars and restaurants.
The Government's own Scientific Committee on Smoking and Health is also expected to report shortly - possibly in time for this Wednesday's National No Smoking day - on the hazards of passive smoking.
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In a later article entitled
"Study fails to link passive smoking with cancer" published Sunday 11 October 1998 they stated
"THE World Health Organisation has finally published a study which shows that there is no significant statistical link between passive smoking and lung cancer."
The article is located
HERE and here is the text of that article:
quote:
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Study fails to link passive smoking with cancer
By Victoria Macdonald, Health Correspondent
THE World Health Organisation has finally published a study which shows that
there is no significant statistical link between passive smoking and lung cancer.
As reported by The Telegraph in March, the 12-centre, seven-country European study
failed to prove the anti-tobacco lobby's assertion that there is a significant correlation between passive smoking and lung cancer.
The
10-year study was co-ordinated by the WHO's International Agency for Research on Cancer, based in Lyons, France, and involved 650 lung cancer patients who were compared with 1,542 healthy people. It looked at people who were married to or worked with smokers, who worked with and were married to smokers, and those who grew up with smokers.
Data was also collected on other environmental factors, such as heating and cooking arrangements, exposure to known occupational lung carcinogens, and, in some centres, dietary habits.
The study, which has been published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, and is the largest of its kind in Europe, shows that there is "no relationship between childhood exposure to second-hand smoke at home and lung cancer".
And it found
a "statistically non-significant positive association" between exposure to spousal smoking and lung cancer and for those who work with smokers.
The IARC scientists said in March that their findings translated into a 16-17 per cent relative risk of contracting lung cancer if you lived or worked with a smoker. But
they now concede that 16-17 per cent is statistically non-significant, implying that it could have been produced by random chance.
The Telegraph was criticised for reporting the findings,
which had been quietly published in abstract form in the WHO's biennial report. Action on Smoking and Health (Ash) reported The Sunday Telegraph to the Press Complaints Commission claiming the article was "false and misleading".
Clive Bates, the director of Ash, said in a press release that the publication supported his interpretation of the statistics. Mr Bates's objection to this newspaper's report was largely founded on the headline: "Passive Smoking Doesn't Cause Lung Cancer - Official". The word "official" referred to the provenance of the findings - the WHO.
Mr Bates continued: "As yet, there has been no retraction, correction or apology by the newspaper . . ."
The PCC has not yet made a decision on the complaint and the Ash press release suggested that this was because of the appointment of Dominic Lawson, the editor of The Sunday Telegraph, to the commission.
Mr Lawson said last night: "The Sunday Telegraph has no intention of apologising for stating that the WHO study showed no significant statistical correlation between passive smoking and lung cancer.
The press release from the National Cancer Institute refers to 'statistically non-significant' links and in the case of childhood exposure 'no association' with lung cancer."
Mr Lawson added: "It is reprehensible of Ash to imply that I could in any way delay the judgment of the PCC and, indeed, it would be most improper of me to play any part in the PCC's deliberations on this matter."
In an interview with this newspaper on Friday Mr Bates said: "We are not saying that if you are exposed to environmental tobacco smoke you are going to fall down dead. If you are a non-smoker, you are not that likely to get lung cancer."
He also said that the issue was heart disease. This was not, however, the subject of the IARC report.
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All of the links at the Telegraph page to the ASH site do not work as ASH has taken them down. All you get at the ASH pages is "Sorry - we couldn't find the page you requested."
This story was published NOWHERE in America. We had to go to a foreign news source to see it.
It ... just ... doesn't ... fit ... the ... agenda.