30-06, .270, 25-06, .44 mag handgun, 30-30 Win TC Contender, 45-70, .35 Whelen, .54 cal ML, .45 cal ML, 300 Win Mag
I have taken whitetail with each of the above calibers. None of the deer knew the difference of what they were shot with. All were efficiently killed as long as shot placement was good. Many of them were dead in the tracks they were originally standing in. Many of them ran a small distance.
Hit one in the head, neck, spine, etc and they will be DRT. Another good DRT shot is low in the chest and through both front legs. Heart-lung shots are really good and a rather large target but they sometimes run until they run out of oil pressure or the breath they are holding when shot or some such. It won't be far.
Make a bad or poor shot and they may run so far you will not get your deer and they will die a slow, agonizing death. They deserve much better.
There are three rules: 1. Shot placement, 2. Shot placement, 3. Shot placement.
Good luck.