Balance and "Feel" 101...

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Dave McCracken

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Watch someone picking up and handling a shotgun new to them. We'll wave it around a little, then mount it, wave it around some more, ad infinitum. We're looking for that mysterious "Sweetness of Feel" that Gene Hill wrote about.

All shotguns, regardless of action type, gauge or weight, come in three flavors.

The first kind is that "Between the hands" feel that is celebrated by the lovers of British game guns. Here, at least 50% of the weight falls between our paws as we hold the shotgun, almost always a well made SxS of less than 7 lbs.. This is a responsive, quick feel that adjusts well to the jinking of a bird's flight. Great store is set by fans of this style when a break action shotgun balances right at the hinge pin. The trouble I have with this is that the length of the action can vary by an inch and moving the balance point an inch greatly affects how the shotgun handles.

However, a check of record books in just about any shooting sport shows few current record holders using SxS shotguns with a between the hands balance.

Universally, the top spots are held by wielders of either long barrelled O/Us or high tech autos. These have a Muzzle-Heavy, weight forward feel.

The extra weight forward means more inertia to keep the swing moving once one gets it started. Trap guns oft are extreme versions of this, 34" barrels on SBTs and even pump guns swing like wrecking balls. Partly this is a result of more weight forward, some is from leverage.

FYI, two of my 870s used for wingshooting with LC barrels balance right at the front edge of the loading port. OTOH, the 870TB I use for trap balances close to an inch out further even with the massive M/C stock on it.

Nigh all repeaters fall into Weight Forward territory due to the stuff protruding out front. One can add some weight to the butt end but this has more than 50% of the weight ending up outside the hands. Handling can be improved to some extent though.

The last flavor is Muzzle Light. Little used now except by grouse,woodcock and quail hunters in habitat where the idea of a swing is naught but a joke. In brushy places, one has to push the gun more than swing it and a muzzle light shotgun lends itself to the stroke.

Winchester's defunct and under-appreciated Model 59 had a recoil weight in the stock and a super light barrel made of fiberglass over a thin steel liner. It was quite butt heavy, and grouse fanatics like writer Frank Woolner sang its praises for fast work in thickets. Muzzle Light shotguns tend to speed but not surety. With no mass for inertia, the swing dies as soon as one stops pushing.

So you want to know what is "Best"? Heck, you can figure it out, and with some experience, you will.

Pixies do less well with WF than folks of more typical size. Obviously, their shorter arms have to work harder holding up the shotgun. Proper fit helps somewhat.

Bird guns and GP shotguns can be either BTTH or WF, and personal preference can rule here.ML shotguns are of limited scope.

And, quite bluntly, one can adapt fairly fast. Friend anapex has a couple Model 59s and a barrel heavy 870TC, and acquits himself well with either.

And one day, you'll handle a shotgun that fits and balances just right, and you'll look down, grin and say, "Finally".....
 
Dave McCracken said:
And one day, you'll handle a shotgun that fits and balances just right, and you'll look down, grin and say, "Finally".....

...and you'll break 50 straight, and all will be well...

...until you take it quail hunting and can't hit a thing at 10 yards...

Shotguns are like golf clubs. You find the perfect driver, and then you realize that your wedge sucks. That's why shotgun sports types don't get bored, but they don't seem to have any spare cash, either.:D
 
And one day, you'll handle a shotgun that fits and balances just right, and you'll look down, grin and say, "Finally".....

Yeah I did that is fall, shot one of the guys I hunt with Citori and it is was like I was born with it. I just wish I could justify the purchase right now. (getting married in Oct and we're paying for most of it ourselves)

Charby
 
Nearly everything around here is decidedly in the weight-forward camp. My 30" Browning 425 was extremely WF until I added a couple 12ga shells full of lead shot into the stock-bolt channel. It still swings nicely, but doesn't seem as ponderous.

Frankly, I think it is tough to beat a 28" barrelled Model 12 for overall "feel".

Here's a little hint from someone who shoots a lot of different guns and gauges...

You can change the "balance and feel" a bit by how you hold the gun. Take a shorter (forward hand closer to the receiver) grip and the gun will swing faster. Take a longer than normal grip and the swing will slow down. I use this technique quite a bit when shooting my Model 42. If I take a normal grip, I'll end up swinging past my target more often than not. If I extend that front hand forward a bit, it helps me slow down and make the swing more deliberate.
 
Trapper, I had a 32" 425 and LOVED the way it would swing, it was really smooth and fast on the mount too. Maybe it was really heavy out front and my affinity for long barrels kept me from noticing. I sold it because I didn't want to shoot the next 10K rounds needing both hands, one leg, and a small boy to open and close it. "Browning tight", ya'll can have it!! Great gun though...

Great tip on controlling light guns, bet it took you a round or two to figure that one out;)

Dave, I only have two that 'feel right'. Surprise surprise surprise, they are all I shoot over the last couple years. A rack full of others that I like, but I find a reason not to take them out.....
 
HSMITH - I liked my 425's handling well enough... until my wife got her 32" Beretta 682 Gold E Sporting. The barrels are longer, but they are very light. I played around with it a little before she had the stock mods done and the balance was amazing. I added the weights to the stock of the 425 in an attempt to make mine handle more like hers.

Over the last 6 months or so, I've let a handful of 425/525 shooters try my gun and all but one preferred it with the extra weight in the stock.
 
now, i'm obviously no expert, and i freely admit to lacking experience, but i will say this: i just picked up my mossberg 500 (18.5" 20ga, wood furniture), and with five in the mag and nothing in the chamber, it balances almost exactly at the breechface, and that feels really good to me. turns when i turn, stops when i stop. seems ideal for indoor work (as long as nobody breaks into my house and lobs clay pigeons at me).
 
My 16 gauge Darne Quail Hunter, from the 1960's has no hinge point;) but balances it's reverse swamped rib 25.5" barrels 'between the hands' almost entirely. It only weighs 6 1/8 pounds and has only wood against the shoulder but with 1oz or less loads it doesnt seem to 'kick'! I use it on all upland birds up to Pheasant with complete success:rolleyes: when I go with snobs on a preserve!:p
The 30" barrel on my 10ga BPS does it for me on waterfowl, only my 1100magnum, again with 30" barrel comes close for me to keep swinging thru those passing birds!
Skeet I always liked a 26" gun like a Model 31 Rem with a Cutts choke(which adds a little forward weight), but went to a 26" 1100 skeet in the end. I love my .410 Citori Skeet , which also has 26" tubes.These skeet guns are slightly nose heavy to keep some swing going but shorter to get it up faster;)
I like my Older Rem 3200 Trap gun, it reminds me of a Browning Superposed in balance, these are the guns I do best in Sporting clays with. They have 30" barrels and are quite heavy and keep me swinging. I used the Superposed for waterfowl before the advent of steel shot (and before it's value was ruined!)
If I had to choose an all around gun, I'd choose the 12ga 28 inch modified and full(although Imp and modified might be better)Browning BSS . The 7pound weight is enough for 12ga with no rubber butt pad for hunting:p , the barrels have good carry thru but not too much for jinking birds. I use it for Doves(and pigeons) ,as I do each year and it just feels right! BTW I tried a LC Smith Field grade from the late 40's in same configurationalong side each other and the BSS is much more 'alive' and makes the Elsie feel like a 2x4!:rolleyes:
Just my rambling thoughts on the matter!:)
 
Etched in Granite

I prefer just a wee bit of weight just forward of the hands.

Now for you folks coming in late, or those of who whom have been whispering , and passing notes in the back...

Some mfgs build something that makes noise and spews lead. Others have always known how to build a shotgun.

Super X Model 1 has a unique balance not found in many Semi-Auto shotguns. The Beretta 303 is another. Just a couple of examples

Ithaca 37, Win Model 12, and yes - Even that darned old 870 -again just some examples of pump guns.

Etched in Granite as promised.

- A 28 ga in any Platform will have better "balance and feel" than the same platform in the other gauges.

- Never ever let your wife, girlfriend, daughter ...pick up a 28 ga, and for gosh sakes do not allow them to shoot the darn thing if you do. You have been warned.


Don't believe me, Pick up any Gun you have and compare with the same gun as similar in 28 ga.
If in a Gun Store, and the Folks have a 12 and 28 ga of the same gun...I dare you to pick it up, double dare you shoulder it.

If you totally disregared my warning - and let wife, girlfriend , daughter handle a 28 ga...
Maybe they will let you shoot it :p if so you will immediatly notice "it is better than it is supposed to", it has that balance, feel, and this also is discovered in how it shoots as well.

Balance and feel is part of the Gun Fit, part of this Physical [10%] I harp about.

One will shoot better when the Physical is taken care of. Frees up / allows one to work on that Mental [90%].

Balance and Feel is more than just aesthetics...

:D
 
Thanks for the responses......

What triggered this was handling a shotgun belonging to a friend at the Geezer League meeting yesterday. Al brought a 410 for the shooting. A Model 23 Winchester with gold birds on it and with feathered wood fit for a Rajah, it was a 5 lb chunk of lethal art. It swung like pointing my finger.

Meanwhile, Superreverb was reducing clays to separate molecules with his 20 gauge 11-48. He had put the barrel with the Cutts on it, turning that nimble little auto into a working trap gun. Cutts Compensators, for those that came in late, are muzzle brakes. They have choke tubes and add a fair amount of weight up front. Cutts also turn recoil into noise.

Meanwhile, I've been experimenting with stocks and barrels, using my usual test frame, Frankenstein. I removed the M/C stock, installed the 26" LC barrel with a Modified choke, and added a (Patent not Pending) Redneck mag cap weight consisting of a 1/4"-28 bolt with two inches of washers. It weighs 3 oz, just enough to steady the swing a bit.

Needless to say, it looked a bit odd racked with that Model 23, Doug's Parker and the other fine shotguns there, but it shoots nicely when I remember to keep swinging. And I've little worry about picking up the wrong gun.

As I did, one can play with the balance until things gell. Obviously, TR has both the software and hardware aspects of this down. It's fun to tinker with this stuff, and positive results may be just ahead.

The point's been made, but let me repeat it. No one shotgun witll do all things well. That's why we tend to own a couple, several or many.

But,running across and /or making a shotgun serve as, pardon the expression, ULTIMATE tool will make your day.

Steve, that slab is now mounted in The Temple Of The Shotgun Gods.
 
Trapper, I have shot a few rounds with 682 Golds in 12 and 20. They have to be the best feeling shotgun I have ever picked up. Your wife has fantasticly good taste in shotguns.....

All things considered my SuperX2 3.5" is all I have shot in 12ga for the last two years or so, my little Browning Gold Hunter 20ga is all I have shot in sub-gauges for the last 3 or 4 years.

Find what works for you, buy a pair of them and a spare. Shoot often and shoot well.
 
Well, that might explain a little. I shoot MUCH better with a SxS (yes, no matter how badly that is.:p ), and i love the way they feel in my hand.
snap it up and away you go. I do admit i like the longer barrels, probably to keep them moving.
 
Is there really a "best", at least for hunting. Yeah, I'd want a quick to mount shotgun for quail, but I use my Winchester M1400, a typical muzzle heavy gun, and do fine.

I have this old double SxS I bought around 1971. It's under 7 lbs and in 12 guage with three inch chambers....ouch. But, I was young and didn't pay attention to the recoil, shot 2 3/4 inch lead 6s on ducks with it, BB 3" on geese. When the steel shot law came about, I retired it for your typical pump, a Mossberg, king of the salt marsh. I got used to the pump. One day, I decided to sneak out in the marsh with steel to show the game warden and leads under my waders...shhhhhh...just for old time sake, one more hunt with the twice pipe. I'd gotten used to the pump's muzzle heavy feel and the double felt so whippy I couldn't hit squat! :D When I used it all the time I was used to it. But, when I switched from the muzzle heavy gun to the neutral balanced, light weight twice pipe, it totally threw me off.

I don't hunt upland game much. If I did, I'd use the double or actually probably buy a double for it since mine is choked mod/full fixed. But, the M1400 is fine on upland birds and my mossy is king of the salt marsh and will do for turkeys with its camo finish. The 1400 mostly gets used on dove. I can count the number of upland hunts I've done on one hand and clays ain't a real big deal with me.
 
B5, it might. With the forward hand back that far, you've got mucho leverage. My hand is back also.

H, the 682s I've tried for a round or two have a slightly weight forward feel to them. I've shot them OK.

Brian, there's something about decent SxS doubles. The feel lends itself to following the jinks, gyres and gymbals of game birds better than another style, though the difference is small. Some folks say the hands are closer to the bore and that matters. Maybe....

MC, whatever works for you.
 
Dave - My wife's 682 balances slightly under 1/2" in front of the hinge pin. It sports 32" barrels and has had a little over an inch of wood removed to get the LOP to fit her. IIRC, we did add a little weight into the butt-stock in order to make up for the wood lost during fitting.

I just checked and my 425 balances slightly over 1/2" in front of the hinge pin.

"Feel" can also bring other aspects into consideration as well, as I spent some time hefting the two guns. The 682 is overall a bit lighter than the 425 and that helps contribute to feeling more "lively". The other thing that I think plays into the mix is that the receiver height is lower on the Beretta. I don't know if it's just a visual thing, or if there is some subtle geometry change, but the Beretta seems slim and elegant... like a wand. The 425 seems more "blocky" and maybe a bit less nimble.
 
I bet that Beretta, TR, is a little bit "Livelier" with the balance a hair further back, lighter weight, and a lower profile receiver. Having all the parts a bit closer to the bore aids handling.

Brownings are a bit blocky in profile. The Supers more than Citoris.
 
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