Defense loads for 20 gauge shotguns?

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goon

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I've decided to try to put my little single shot NEF 20 gauge on light duty as a home defense gun.
Trust me, I'm well aware of the limitations of this gun for defensive purposes. Still, it shoots slugs well, and it's a youth model so it's light and compact and very fast handling, and it's paid for. For the purpose of this discussion, I won't be replacing it with a pump action 12 gauge. I wish I had kept that Mossberg 500 12 gauge I owned before and I admit it... but for now the 20 gauge is part of the HD rotation and that's it.

I shot it some today and found that out to 25 yards it still does fine with slugs, which is great because I'll be using it for a little bit of camping security here and there too.
It patterns well enough with bird shot but that doesn't really matter because I probably won't be hunting with it.
It is absolutely terrible with buck shot. I was shooting Remington 2.75 inch 20 gauge No.3 buck with 20 pellets to the load. My gun has a modified choke. At 25 yards only 14 pellets hit the target at all, which was a whole folded over sheet of newspaper approximating the distance between an upright person's shoulders and hips for both width and height. At half that distance, all the pellets hit the newspaper but there was no real pattern - they were spread out over the entire area with only one pellet hitting center mass. The rest were just... everywhere.
Strangely, at that range, a load of 2.75 inch #6 patterned into a much more dense and centered pattern.

Are there other loads I should be trying to improve the effectiveness of this gun with buck shot?
Does anyone offer a load with something like BB or T shot for the 20 gauge? That's almost buck shot and if patterns anything like the No.6, it would be a site better than the buck shot I tried.
 
I found a Lee Field loader on Ebay, and use it to load a Buck and ball a .60 ball and 3 #4 buck on 3 dram equiv powder.
 
Well first off, I don't think there is anything wrong with using a 20 gauge for defense. The only difference between that and a 12 is a few less pellets to a load. Here is some info on that issue. http://www.theboxotruth.com/docs/bot22.htm

14 pellets hitting the target at 25 yards really isn't that bad. Honestly, it sounds about right. You can expect about an inch of spread for every yard as a rule of thumb.

The 870 12 gauge I carry at work prints a 24 inch wide "pattern" out at 25 yards with 00 buck, so a few pellets always miss the target.

The results you're getting don't sound abnormal, I really wouldn't worry about it.

Besides that is still pretty far out for a typical home defense situation, most people don't have 25 yards of house. ;) I think buckshot is really meant to be a close range load.
 
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Unless you live in a mansion, 25 yards is about three times farther than you're likely to shoot in a HD situation. In order to shoot 75 feet, I'd have to shoot diagonally across my lot, which is difficult because the house gets in the way. The longest shot from inside my 3 bedroom house is 21 feet, accomplished by standing with my back against a bathroom wall and shooting the length of a hallway.

Try patterning at a more realistic distance. Or get a rifle.
 
Try experimenting with some different buckshot loads. Maybe there's something the gun will like better. As to slugs, Brenneke is now making the KO slug in 20 gauge. For me, that's 'nuff said.

Take a look at the video clip at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FhgwHQCJwWw ... an old redneck trick for shooting a single shot faster is to hold a couple of extra shells between the fingers of the shooting hand and load as needed.

lpl
 
#4 Buck, T-loads, or BB would all be good..

Slugs in an Home Defense setting, a bit much in the penetration department, not my 1st choice...

As stated in post #3, 14 pellets on paper at 25 is about right. HD work is generally pretty up close and personal.. 25 yards is a real stretch.. at 5 ft, a load of #8's is like a really big Glazer safety slug... darn devastating...
 
Even at 10 yards (give or take... I sort of just paced the distance off) it's still pretty wide open with no real discernable pattern. It covers a whole half-sheet of newspaper - about 14" wide by 22" tall and few if any pellets actually hit anywhere close to center mass. I was really surprised at how open the pattern is at such a close distance.

I originally bought this gun because I wanted something with a little more power to have around when I went camping so slugs are what I've mostly used in it. Haven't really hunted with it or considered it at all for HD until now... I did try some Federal buck shot loads in it a few years back and also found the pattern to be far too open for my uses. At the same distance, bird shot loads pattern much more densely and reliably, but I don't want to use them for HD if at all possible - I don't think they penetrate enough and a quick second shot might not be possible with this gun.
I'll try to locate a box of Federal flight control shells, or just lower my expectations.
 
How long is the barrel of your 20 gauge? Mine is 28" with a simple bead sight and a useless notch in front of the hammer.

While my 20 gauge single is pretty far down the list of HD guns (just above the .410 single and the Muzzle loader) mine is pretty adequate and accurate for gophers. Average distance for my gopher shots is about 10-15 yards, although I've been able to sneak up on some a little closer. With #8 shot, it patterns at 10ish yards at about 6 inches. Slightly wider than the gopher is long.

I'll have to pick up some buck shot for it and pattern them out.

When I bought it, I test fired it at my LGS 100 yard range. First shot was high left, I overcompensated and the second shot was low left. I'm a lefty, hence the pull to the left on each shot. With just the bead sight, I'd be more than comfortable taking deer at about 50 yards or so.
 
USAF Vet - Mine is a 22" barreled youth model. It's short and handy. It only has a bead sight with no rear groove. Originally the regulation with slugs was poor but it did group them into one hole at 25 yards. I took a file and carefully worked on the bead until I brought the point of impact up and slightly to the right and it now puts 3/4 oz slugs just about where I want them at that distance. It's also "zeroed" for the buck loads I've tried, they just don't pattern well. It patterns high with birdshot loads but I'd only use it for pest control and I know where to aim, so I'm not troubled by that.
 
Depends what you are defending. I cut a single shot break open 20 ga to
20" barrell, 34" overall, braided a sling, put on a five shell sidesaddle shellholder and then gave it to a Navajo neice. She takes it up the reservation when she goes in the summer to help with her grandmother's sheep. She generally takes it on pony back with two #6, 3 #4 buck and two buckhammers. Defense is against coyote mostly with chance of lion or bear thrown in. So far since I gave it two her she has taken down a couple coyotes and a bunch of rabbitt/quail for camp meat. Last time I was up to see them a couple of her male cousins asked how I did it. She will be 15 this Dec. She shoots and reloads just about as fast as I can use a bolt action or my lever winchester.

blindhari
 
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