It's people like Bushboy who give handloading a bad name. How he hasn't blown himself up is beyond my understanding.
There is a lot of relative forgiveness in slight projectile weight variations in shotgun loads. This is because the total payload is so large.
As long as the powder measurement is exact a moderate payload variation in a low pressure loading is not going to make such a big difference that it will be unsafe.
Which is why Bushboy's casual method works.
His load is also low pressure, giving even more room for payload variations. If his load with a 500 grain projectile is about 8,500 pressure, and max Saami specs for a regular 12 gauge are 11,500 there is over 3,000 to spare. Or only about 74% used, leaving a 26% pressure safety margin.
Since the projectile payload in a shotgun is so high, a variation of as much as 50 grains in projectile weight is only going to be 10% more in payload. Which even with aggressive powders is not going to push such a low pressure load over the top.
He is casting undersized projectiles, so the danger in it becoming a barrel obstruction from slight diameter differences, less than precise wood molds, or even a shotgun choke is also very low, even with casual molding.
He is also shooting a smoothbore, and maybe even a cylinder choke. Which would mean even the hardest slug in a plastic wad cup is not going to be dangerous. If it was a cylinder barrel the undersized projectile could be made of tungsten and still be safe.
Overall there is so much margin for error in his method and chosen load formula that the only thing he really needs to keep right on target is the powder measurement. Which he appeared to be quite careful in measuring.
What he does so casually works because of every thing he does. Undersized projectile, low pressure, but exact powder measurement.
If people follow his instructions they will be fine. If they apply his methods to other loads and reloading in general they may not be.
The real danger is people learning to reload from him and then applying the same casualness to rifle or pistol cartridges.
Where the pressure variation of light and fast calibers is huge with a slightly altered payload.
Or those trying to load a different formula 12 gauge cartridge near 11,500 pressure as casually.