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Training Realistically

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Lou McGopher

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Training Realistically
by Michael Gaddy

When a person’s actions are restricted to what can be defined as self-defense, the assailant controls many of the variables they face. Time; place; daylight; dark; cold or hot are many of the variables one must consider. Therefore, the variables that we can control must be mastered if we are to have a chance for survival if ever faced with a do-or-die situation.

Those who own firearms and practice with them enough to be considered proficient in their use, most likely choose good weather in which to practice; light conditions are optimal and a good comfort level is maintained. Sure, you can hit that silhouette at 25 ft with both hands the majority of the time with optimal conditions with your favorite handgun. You can also hit that target at 300 yards with your battle rifle, sometimes putting all your shots in a small group when conditions are great; fine indeed if your attack occurs only during the daylight with no wind and the temperature hovering around 72. How many know how they will perform these tasks when faced with darkness, heavy wind, freezing temperatures or blowing snow? Better yet, how many know how their equipment will perform in less than ideal conditions?

If you can be 100% certain you will only be faced with a life-or-death self-defense situation when conditions are ideal, stop reading now; the following will be of no interest to you.

Monday and Tuesday here in the Rockies witnessed blizzard conditions with 1–2 feet of snow, blowing winds sometimes reaching 50 mph and temperatures near zero. While most folks thought this the best time to hunker down with a good book or movie, I got together all of the firearms, ammo and equipment that I might have to use to defend my life and/or the life of my family and headed for the range. I’m sure any who witnessed me entering the range that day were comforted in the thought that I was totally insane. When the 5-hour session was over, I was very cold and miserable, but I knew how both my equipment and I would function in that environment. I viewed the experience as a variable somewhat mastered.

The things that can be learned about ones firearms and equipment in terrible conditions could be the edge one needs to stay alive at some point in time and most useful when it becomes necessary to provide food for the table. Calculating for point of impact with projectiles down range in a 50 mph wind with numb fingers and blinding snow presented a real challenge. Then, to try all of the tactical sights on targets at less than 100 yards was quite an experience. Which ones work and which ones do not was a question that was answered for me along with what reticle performs best in blizzard conditions. Which action on what rifle actually froze up and would not function at all? What firearms lubricants held up in those conditions? What trigger guards were of adequate size to handle a gloved finger? All questions I had answered for me that would not have occurred had I not taken the time to train in those conditions.

Some time back I spent equal time in training in the desert around Tucson Arizona in the month of June. Again, not everything performs as advertised in a 100-degree plus environment, most of all the owner of the equipment. Taking the necessary time to train in all environs in which one could possibly find themselves is vital. Equipment, physics, physiology and how they relate to your ability to function in a stressful situation are invaluable pieces of knowledge. Once you possess this knowledge, you increase your confidence to deal with any situation ten fold. Confidence and mental preparation will see one through many situations where the ignorant will fail to survive.

Training with your chosen equipment in optimal conditions is fine and should be done on a regular basis to become as proficient as possible and to understand exactly how your equipment functions. This should include being able to make adjustments and repairs as might be required and assembly and disassembly of your chosen firearm. Having necessary spare parts is also a must. Say you have a bent charging handle on your AR platform; do you know how to replace it? What about replacing a broken firing pin?

Equally important is knowing and understanding how you and your equipment function in extreme environments. Once you understand how everything works, take it all out during extreme cold and heat; try them in a pouring rain and windy conditions; disassemble and assemble in low-light situations without giving away your position. All of the above could be the determining factors in whether you and your family are able to survive an attack or able are to provide food for survival if/when the situation demands.

December 14, 2009

Michael Gaddy, an Army veteran of Vietnam, Grenada, and Beirut, lives in the Four Corners area of the American Southwest.

Copyright © 2009 by LewRockwell.com. Permission to reprint in whole or in part is gladly granted, provided full credit is given.

http://www.lewrockwell.com/gaddy/gaddy76.1.html


Can anyone share similar advice gathered from similar experiences, either from training or real-life? Under what sort of conditions should one train? What kind of equipment failures is one most likely to encounter? What kind of physiological issues should one anticipate in various training scenarios? Advice for urban dwellers versus rural folk?
 
Everyone likes to shoot when it's a nice day out and the sun is shining. It is funny how much harder it is to shoot when things aren't just right.

Opportunities to take real training classes in adverse conditions are probably going to be slim, for most folks. (The military does seem to put stock in the idea, though, sending folks to arctic warfare school and so forth.)

Unfortunately, not everyone has access to a range facility that allows shooting after dark, and/or in bad weather. (Heck, a lot of folks don't have access to a range that allows them to draw from a holster or shoot on the move.)

Everyone says the "gun games" are just games and not training. And that's true. But I've found I learned a lot through participating in shooting sports in less than ideal conditions. I've lost count of the number of low- and no-light stages I've shot in IDPA matches. I've shot a great many large matches in torrential rains -- often involving 12+ hours of standing, waiting to shoot, and performing all the usual gun-handling skills while soaked and with all my equipment slathered in mud. I've shot in a number of matches in heavy snow with limited visibility, and sub-freezing temperatures, and hampered by layers of bulky clothing. That does a number on your coordination and fine motor skills. All of those conditions require quite a bit of concentration to do safely and with any success.

No, no-one's shooting back at you, and we can argue all day whether the skills emphasized in IDPA or USPSA will "get you kilt in the real world," but the pressure and stress of competition, combined with the disorientation and degredation of abilities brought on by darkness, wet, and cold do a lot to educate you to your limitations.

I'll get the chance to shoot an IDPA sanctioned match in northern PA the second weekend of the new year. Last time we did this, 8" of snow fell and the temps didn't get out of the 20s. We stood out in it from near sunup until the last of the dusk left. It is going to SUCK! I can't wait!

-Sam
 
Get out and predator hunt as well, you will find out how your semi autos transition from warm to sub freezing or sub zero. You will also see how optics are affected and what trudging through a ft. of snow and setting for a spell does to your clothing and comfort. The same goes for warmer times when contending with bugs and heat have their own special evil.
A person can be a heck of a shot but freeze to the point of irrelevance in short order or be packing a gun that won't function due to climate.
 
Can anyone share similar advice gathered from similar experiences, either from training or real-life?

My experience is from the military. I have trained in every environment except Arctic conditions. Day and night. Gas mask, no gas mask. Armor, no armor etc... My experience has shown me that the environmental factors are not as significant to performance as is a good base in the fundamentals of whatever task you are performing. Good fundamentals can easily be transitioned and adapted to changes in your environment. IE, shooting with or without armor requires some adaptations, however, the transition isn't hard if you have a sound understanding of the fundamentals.

Under what sort of conditions should one train?

Select the conditions that you are most likely to encounter. Limited visibility? Close range? In / out of a particular wardrobe or uniform? Urban or rural?

What kind of equipment failures is one most likely to encounter?
With proper maintenance of your gun, mags, and using good ammo, you shouldn't have any higher chance of failure. The harshest climate on my guns has been the desert, however, we anticipate potential issues, and make time to do maintenance to keep the guns up. Maintenance is key in nasty environs, be it moisture / rust control, or sand build up. If you keep it clean, it will fire.

What kind of physiological issues should one anticipate in various training scenarios?

The hardest thing to prepare for is the initial "oh crap..." factor that takes place in the first .25 of a nasty encounter. Your body may produce some adrenaline leading to faster pulse, breathing, etc, and your brain may produce fear. Sometimes this doesn't happen, or you aren't aware of it, until after an encounter. The initial shock is normal, and when you accept that, it's easier to recognize that state, and act more out of deliberation, than panic until your mind and body settle down...and it WILL if you allow it to do so and focus on the task at hand.

Advice for urban dwellers versus rural folk?

The chances are much higher in an urban environ that there is something behind your target that you do NOT want to shoot, so you need to be more aware of angles, and you must be accurate.

Contrary to popular belief, gun games such as USPSA and IDPA are outstanding tools you can use to build a very sound foundation. Good shooters in each sport KNOW how to run their gun and keep it up in a safe manner. Those sound fundamentals can easily be built on and adapted to whatever high speed wazoo tactical scenario you can imagine.

Add stress to your training from time to time. Be it physical, ie, shoot after sprinting, or doing push ups or something, or mental through force on force or time/accuracy standards.

With the proper mindset and consistant training, you can effectively perform under stress, and by training under stress, you are conditioning yourself to act in despite of it.

Get to a point where you can say I WILL win because I am MORE mentally and physically prepared, MY kit is maintained, tested and ready, MY skill is better due to REGULAR and EFFECTIVE training, and I will NOT let somebody hurt me or my family.
 
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I think the last two paragraphs of the article are the most important. Know when to test & know when to train. Zeroing your Aimpoint in the mentioned weather conditions is foolish. Thinking you can take on all comers because you can shoot a tiny group at 5 yards in nice weather after a full night of sleep & a good meal is equally foolish.

Good conditions- testing initial function, skill & tactics building & initial testing

Poor conditions- testing severe function, testing skills, tactics & Mindset

Good conditions= standard nice day on the range

Poor conditions= weather, force on force, any convoluted &/or stressful environment
 
While being able to train in all weather and stress conditions would be ideal, it's most likely not a viable situation for the majority of us. Train in the conditions you have availble to you. Day, nite, sun, rain, etc.
I practice drawing and fireing at targets at different ranges and elevations. I have not yet tried fireing in the rain. I have practiced in the high heat if summer, and the colder weather of early winter.
I have also practiced clearing my house with both my CC pistol and my shotgun. Weapons empty, and only me in the house. (I have had to clear my house before. We got home after an afternoon out and the front door was slightly open. No one there, nothing missing. Evidently we did close the front door properly.)
 
Low light shooting affects all of us so it might be a good starting point. I tried shooting in pitch black at an outdoor pistol range for the first time recently (I had a flashlight and followed all safety rules) but it was HARD. My target was illuminated just fine, but my front sight wasn't. My eyes got blurry as I strained to find the front sight.

I think some good night sights would really help.
 
I shot at some training targets that twisted that a THR member brought to the local range. He had all sorts of drills we could do and was happy to share his invention with us.

Man oh man, did that drilling ever stress you out. Trying to draw from concealment and hit the one sihlouette of four that turned your way in less than a second was a rude awakening. The stress it put on your system, regardless of the weather, was beneficial to moving it towards a realistic response.

The proprietot stated that it got some people so wound up that they would respond to and shoot adjacent shooters in the next lane with the same 4 man system in front of them.

I found it very eye opening.
 
I'll get the chance to shoot an IDPA sanctioned match in northern PA the second weekend of the new year. Last time we did this, 8" of snow fell and the temps didn't get out of the 20s. We stood out in it from near sunup until the last of the dusk left. It is going to SUCK! I can't wait!

That's this Saturday, by the way. Forecast is high of 20 F, low of 8F, and snow. Yaaay!

To prepare, I attended a Larry Vickers 2-day pistol & carbine class the week after Christmas -- high in the 20s and 40 mph winds.

Now, I've had enough training for cold and snow. I'd like to try some 80 deg. beach training. Having to shoot with surf spray all around, and the glare of the sun on the ocean, would be quite stressful!

:D

-Sam
 
geniusiknowit said:
Can anyone share similar advice gathered from similar experiences, either from training or real-life? Under what sort of conditions should one train? What kind of equipment failures is one most likely to encounter? What kind of physiological issues should one anticipate in various training scenarios? Advice for urban dwellers versus rural folk?


Since this really isn't a military-related board, or one heavily populated with those who have a duty to perform, my comments will be confined to domestic, self-defense related concerns.


Equipment failures are normally, and nearly exclusively, related to add-on and "gimmic" parts. Buy quality first, keep it simple, and learn to use what you have. Skill cannot be bought off the shelf.

Good gear stays put. Bulky winter clothing and gloves confound access problems enough as it is; holsters that move and twist on a department store belt increase the problems of accessing your equipment.


Training should include a good mixture of:
  • the basic fundamentals;
  • problems designed to make the shots more complex - like angles, barriers, poor light, multiple targets from multiple locations and distances, and movement;
  • and realistic Role Playing/Force on Force training.

Followed up by a continual return to the basics. Even major league sports athletes return to the practicing basics every off season; often with paid coaches who specialize in the basics.


Realistic training recognizes that the mental script we have of a fight is probably not an accurate or dependable representation of how things unfold. Include exercises that force your mind to practice adaptability. Learn to read the environment and the people in it, and train your mind to manipulate both to your advantage.
 
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