1) The National Institute of Justice protection levels are based on projectile diameter, composition, weight, and velocity, not the various calibers. Although, people continue to state things like: "...will stop .357 Magnum...", if you actually read the label, it says things like: "... .357 JSP, 158 gr, 1205 fps, 4 hits at 0° -4, BSF depth - 1.73", 2 hits at 30°..."
2) Penetration is not the only criteria. A bullet can be completely stopped by the armor, but the armor can fail to be rated against that threat. There is a maximum "Back Face Signature" (BSF), this is the maximum the back of the armor can protrude in to a clay block after being hit. If the BSF is high enough, even without penetration, it can kill you.
3) Result are not surprising.