The .303 Brit is in the same general class.... Bullet selection is somewhat limited due to the .311 bore.. There is a LOT of surplus ammo floating around for it.. A few weeks ago I found a 340 round deal for about $150..
The .303 British was THE African round for many years, as most of Africa was a British Colony at one point.. It has taken every specie in Africa.. at least that is what I read some years ago but one of the Big Game gurus... (Note: not recommended, but I guess if it is all you have and you live in the bush with a loincloth wardrobe, you do what you gotta do..)
My first center fire was a MKII Enfield, still have it... fun gun to shoot.. still drag it out once in a while... Not much of a tack driver, but it will definitely put game on the table..
It is comparable to most .30 cal Mil Cartridges of that era.. The Aussies use the heck out of them as well, some pretty interesting wildcats were developed around that cartridge down under..
Guess I ought to address the question, they are pretty comparable, in early military loads. However due to the all the cartridges built around the .308 bore diameter, the bullet development in .308 bores took off and there is a by far larger bullet selection available for the .308, and 30-06.. For the reloader, the U.S. Military 30 cals, are much more versatile.