Frank Ettin said:
steve4102 said:
...In a true "check and ballence" system the constitutionality should be "checked" by the judiciary befor these laws are unleashed on the public.
Sorry, but no. That's not reasonably possible of realistic. A court really can't effectively consider such questions in a vacuum.
Courts look at "cases and controversies." The judicial process is a process for deciding disputes and only functions properly when there is an actual dispute in front of a court with actual facts and advocates on each side of the issue zealously arguing each side of the issue.
To elaborate just a little on what Frank Ettin correctly stated:
First, the US Constitution dictates that courts decide things that involve a "case or controversy." In other words, our courts do not issue advisory opinions. If there's no actual "case or controversy," then our courts will not hear the case. For example, I do not like NY's Safe Act. However, I do not live in NY. I have not traveled to NY in many years, and I have no plans to do so. As a result, there is no realistic possibility that I will be prosecuted under the SAFE Act, barring some change in my plans. Therefore, I cannot chanllenge NY's SAFE Act right now. There is no "case or controversy" involving myself and the SAFE Act.
Second, imagine how the caseload of our (already-overburdened) judicial system would increase if every potential statute had to be vetted for constitutionality before "unleashing it on the public." As a corollary, if laws got a "judicial stamp of constitutional approval" prior to enactment, what would the remedy be for one that slipped through the cracks.
Third, it's important to understand that, in broad strokes, there are two possible constitutional challenges to a law: a facial challenge, and an as-applied challenge. The first claims that a law is unconstitutional "on its face," meaning that there is no possible set of circumstances under which the law can be constitutional. The second means that the plaintiff claims (in essence) "this law is unconstitutional as applied to me." In either case, the plaintiff will have to develop some facts upon which the court can determine whether or not he has standing to bring the case in the first place and the latter cannot be decided without developing a factual basis upon which the court might rule.