Lakedaemonian
Member
Yes, but not vise versa
+1It's my understanding that the 5.56 chamber is basically the same as the .223 except the beginning of the rifling is further forward so it can accept longer bullets without getting wedged into the rifling when chambered. I don't know How this would be a problem since mil spec ammo is 55 grain thus making it unlikely that the bullet would extend into the .223 rifling. Seems it would be a problem reloading heavy bullets (ie: 90 grain) for a .223 chamber. The larger issue here is probably that the 5.56 with greater space to the rifling (leade) may be less accurate than the .223 spec chamber.
The 5.56 cases are said to be thicker than the .223 resulting in a smaller case volume and greater pressures when reloaded to .223 specs. This would only be an issue for reloading 5.56 and one could just avoid loading to max specs. I've read that the thicker brass causing greater pressures is just a theory and in practice the difference is insignificant.
The 5.56 cartridge is said to have a thicker base which could cause some head space issues and higher pressures. I've never read that this has been an issue in practice.
The 5.56 spec is said to have loads to a higher pressure than the .223 specs. Here one would need to check with the gun specs to see what the max safe load is and check with the manufacturer to determine whether 5.56 military loads would be safe. I believe most .223 cal rifles are made to safely shoot the 5.56 and even be chambered to 5.56 specs (even if it's not indicated on the gun). It's always a good idea to know your gun, so do a little research.