Yeah, the Schofield cases work just fine in .45 Colt chambers. For Cowboy loads you can load the .45 Colt cases down or use the Schofield cases and you'll get identical power. The advantage is that often it is nearly impossible to find .45 Colt brass made by Starline (my favorite pistol brass), but you can almost always buy Schofield brass made by Starline. The only downside is that sometimes if you go out and shoot say 100 rounds of Schofield brass, and your powder is kind of sooty, you will build up a ring of carbon between the mouth of the brass and the throat of the chamber that would normally be covered by the longer .45 Colt brass. No big deal, as it will clean out when you clean your revolver. But if you happen to try to put in a normal length .45 Colt cartridge before you clean your cylinder, it might not fit at all or it might squeeze it at least. No big deal, but something to remember.