How Do You Know a Firearm is High Quality?

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Bobson

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The purpose of this thread is to outline a problem many people may have not considered, and to suggest a solution which benefits consumers and manufacturers alike, which can then be discussed.

Disclaimer: Please bear in mind that the generic examples used in this thread are just that – generic examples meant only to demonstrate that differences exist between products different manufacturers make. I used Hi Point and Wilson Combat as my examples of low and high value firearms because, to my knowledge, Hi Point makes the most inexpensive handguns available, while Wilson Combat makes some of the most expensive I have personally seen.

I was at work earlier during a particularly slow part of the day, and it occurred to me that guns vary in price tremendously (obviously... ). You can go out and get an NIB .45 ACP handgun for less than $200 (Hi Point), or you can go get an NIB .45 ACP handgun for over $4,000 (Wilson Combat). It doesn't take a rocket scientist to know there's going to be a significant difference in the level of quality between these two pistols. Here's a short list of what some of those differences might be:

1) One with be very visually appealing, while the other might look more like your dog's chew toy
2) One will be capable of very impressive accuracy, the other will likely be noticeably less accurate
3) One will be made using very high quality parts and exquisite attention to detail, while the other will be made of arguably mediocre parts and something more likely to resemble an assembly line
4) One will be reliable for more years than you're likely to live, while the other isn't likely to outlive your German Sheppard.

Everyone knows - even expects - that two firearms with a price difference of several thousand dollars will have a lot of differences; in fact, depending how you look at it, there's probably only one thing they have in common - which is that they're both guns, so both are expected to go Bang! when the trigger is pulled. Will the specific differences I mentioned always exist? No, not always. Will some sort of differences always exist? Yes; if they didn’t have significant differences, the more expensive brand wouldn’t be in business. Plain and simple.

While almost everyone knows that differences exist, a smaller percentage of gun owners know exactly what those differences are, and an even smaller number know how those differences actually effect things like accuracy, reliability, typical lifespan of a weapon, etc. For example, I know very little about 1911 pistols, aside from visual familiarities. Among things I do know is that they're typically made and assembled with more care than the average handgun, they're generally dependable for a very long time, and they're well-known for being very accurate. Unfortunately, I don't know why any of those things are the case. But does it really matter why they're accurate and dependable? Some might say no, but I disagree, and in this, I believe I am one among the majority.

To me, knowing why my gun performs the way it does is one of many steps on the road to being a responsible gun owner. It also makes me a much more effective consumer. Without this knowledge base, my only measure of quality is the amount of money a product costs:

Product X and Product Y are the same type of product, but made by two different companies. Product X costs $500, while Product Y costs $800. Clearly, Product Y is superior in quality and design! I shall choose Product Y, and share my wisdom with my friends. -Mr. Smith

Most people, at being present during Mr. Smith's reasoning, would quickly reach the conclusion that Mr. Smith is an idiot. It would be difficult for me to disagree.

The fact is, without understanding the technical differences in the manufacturing of products we buy (especially when we're buying many of these types of products, and those that we buy are often made by a variety of manufacturers), we're all making our decisions in a fashion very similar to Mr. Smith's obviously flawed (while exaggerated) "process."

The problem here should be easy to see. If our only measure of quality is price, than we allow manufacturers to create an illusion of higher quality by simply increasing their prices. On the other hand, if our only measure of quality is known performance, there’s always a number of people who have to take the initial risk in testing a new product, and then everyone else is essentially forced into either accepting a review as true, or simply not buying a particular product. Currently, for the average consumer, “quality” lies somewhere in between.

Essentially, “quality” is a balance of high price and listening to what other people tell us about products we’re not willing to take a chance on. At that point, “quality” may change, as it becomes a decision we make ourselves, based on whether we’re pleased or displeased with a given product; then we share our opinion of the product by telling others of its’ level of “quality,” which they in turn use to determine whether or not a product is worth buying. This cycle repeats indefinitely.

My suggestion is a set standard of guidelines for particular weapons. An example of one of these guidelines is something we’re all familiar with: MOA – a measurement of accuracy (note: Yes, I know MOA means minute of angle). MOA works equally well for every rifle, regardless of who made it, it’s purpose (hunting/plinking/SD), or it’s condition, because MOA never changes. 1 MOA is always 1” at 100 yards. A rifle is either 1MOA or it isn’t, there is no middle ground. In this way, MOA is a concrete standard that manufacturers use to inform the consumer of a rifle’s accuracy.

Similarly, there need to be concrete standards for every part of the manufacturing process, and every part of a weapon. Magazines should have a concrete standard to measure their likelihood of causing a FTF or rounds simply falling out. Ejection ports and action types need concrete standards to measure their likelihood of being the cause of an FTE. Firing pins need concrete standards to measure the odds of being the root cause of a misfire.

The list goes on. Frankly, I don’t know enough about the internals of firearms to create a full list of parts or the standards that should be associated with them. This is a job for the community of hunters/LEOs/gun collectors/etc to come up with. You’ve all seen how MOA is successful in clearly defining a standard that rifles can be held to. Even if a weapon isn’t meant to be a “1 MOA or better” rifle, using the MOA standard to describe it’s accuracy makes the weapon’s ability clear to everyone interested. It is a clear, concise, irrefutable measure of the quality of a rifle’s accuracy.

A true measure for quality, for every gun, and every part of every gun. It will lead to more accuracy, higher reliability, and increasingly tighter standards, which increases safety for everyone involved. It also lets manufacturers know exactly what their consumers want to see.

These are the benefits of universal standards, and they’re something we should all be striving for. Can we make it happen?
 
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Not to be rude, but this entire post seems to me to be a solution in search of a problem. Firearm manufacturers have been thriving at all levels for hundreds of years, without some "master system" of standards as you seem to be proposing. I just don't see the point.
 
No offense taken at all, I appreciate the honest response.

You may or may not have noticed that nearly every single day (and sometimes multiple times in the same day), there are new "What's the best bolt action/lever action/AR15/AR10/1911/CCW pistol/snub nose revolver/home defense shotgun/o-u shotgun/etc/etc" threads.

The reason these threads exist over and over isn't because people don't know how to read old threads, it's because it's an impossible question to answer. Instead of realizing that, many of us just assume that nobody is answering, and so we ask again. Sometimes on this forum, sometimes on other forums.

When you make a thread like that, you know your specific needs, you know features you want vs what features you're not willing to do without, and you know your budget. You know what "acceptable accuracy" is to you (more easily explained to others because of MOA, a point I thought I had made very well); but you also know how often an FTF or FTE is acceptable to you, and what would constitute as a poorly made weapon. That type of thing is extremely difficult to express to others.

All of these things are considered by all of us every time we buy a gun, because we remember our experiences when we had a rifle or handgun we weren't satisfied with. But that's a huge amount of detail to put into a thread, and frankly, it's difficult, if not impossible to measure certain things on most guns, because the standards of measure simply don't exist. And even if you could, most people simply lack the interest to read a wall of text, and will just ignore it, like many are doing with this thread.

Wouldn't it be easier if weapons were sold with detailed spec pages? What good does knowing the specific rifling twist rate do for the average shooter? Absolutely, it's great to know if you reload and/or take the time to find the absolute best factory ammo available, but for the rest of us (and I'd venture that this is a huge majority, rather than the latter), it's virtually useless.

Wouldn't it be infinitely more useful if every gun's spec sheet included commonly understood standardized ratings, like MOA, a # to represent likelihood of FTF based on stock magazines, a # to represent likelihood of an FTE based on the action type and ejection port, a # to represent expected number of years the weapon will be reliably functioning, based on a (yep, standardized) # to represent how often the weapon should be cleaned... It seems like this system would be better in every single way I can imagine.

It would eliminate the need for people to ask "what's the best (whatever)" thousands of times every year and never getting an answer, that's for sure. Why are we content with taking everyone else's word for what will serve our needs? And if that's not what we're doing, we're trusting the manufacturer instead. That's even worse.
 
Wouldn't it be infinitely more useful if every gun's spec sheet included commonly understood standardized ratings, like MOA, a # to represent likelihood of FTF based on stock magazines, a # to represent likelihood of an FTE based on the action type and ejection port, a # to represent expected number of years the weapon will be reliably functioning, based on a (yep, standardized) # to represent how often the weapon should be cleaned... It seems like this system would be better in every single way I can imagine.

Except that it'd require so much testing that any firearm the company put out for sale to customers would have to be astronomically expensive in order to cover the extensive testing necessary to produce such a detailed spec sheet.

Not to mention, who in the world is going to read a spec sheet with that much data? Very few, I'd imagine. It simply isn't relevant to most people that their gun has been tested and found to last for 12,145.0769 rounds as long as they don't scrub more than thirty times with the specified brush and approved solvent and only let the solution sit in the action for more than two minutes before swabbing with X-brand cotton-based swabs.

Consider also that most of the things you mention (rate of malfunction w/ stock mags, average number of years of use based on a standardized cleaning method/regimen) go out the window the second someone buys aftermarket mags, uses a slightly different cleaning rod or cleaning solution, or makes virtually any mod to their gun.

Literally everything you want to have present on this "standardized master spec sheet" goes out the window as soon as the end user changes a part or deviates from some arbitrary maintenance schedule. In other words, as long as they plan on using the gun in laboratory conditions, the system works perfectly. Otherwise, it falls apart pretty much instantly.
 
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How much does ISO 9001 and MIL-SPEC come into the picture as far as quality goes ?
 
Ejection ports and action types need concrete standards to measure their likelihood of being the cause of an FTE. Firing pins need concrete standards to measure the odds of being the root cause of a misfire.

Waayyyyyyyyyyyyyy too complicated. Just shoot 10,000 rounds of milspec ammo and count the number of misfires, FTEs, etc.

I don’t know enough about the internals of firearms to create a full list of parts or the standards that should be associated with them.

Nobody does. You can't put parts in two completely different guns and expect them to operate the same. So running stats on individual parts is a little pointless. Either the gun works as a whole or it doesn't.
 
Bobson, I get what you're reaching for, but you don't know what you don't know. Accuracy isn't an indicator of quality. Some very well made firearms don't deliver 1 MOA.

What constitutes a quality firearm is largely a matter of opinion. For myself, I'd never waste my money on a Hi Point because of it's basic design and materials it's made from. While an AK certainly works on the battlefield, I think it's basic design is crude and it's ergonomics severely lacking. Neither weapon meets my standards of quality. There are those that would consider that a form of snobbery.

In comparison, folks would look at my list of firearms that do meet my standards of quality and ask in amazement, how can you consider an AR, M14, or FAL (for example) to be of higher quality than an AK?

Judging the quality of a firearm is based on knowledge, experience and is heavily weighted by personal preference. Certain aspects can be quantified but much is subject to personal opinion
 
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Well, I'll be the first to admit there's still a heck of a lot I can stand to learn about guns, and I guess I figured if a system of universal standards would be a great way for me to learn (and it seemed to be), it could do the same for others. But the problems you guys brought up make sense, and I can't deny that my theory has got at least a few flaws. It was interesting to think about either way though.

(I love the AK lol, my time with it made me prefer it over the M16 :p)
 
I'll bet the manufacturers do have some of the information you mention, just not in the form you're looking for. Anyone who buys (or develops) parts to use in their product probably has MTBF data. (That is Mean Time Between Failure.) They factor the cost of the part against how many cycles it is expected to last. A statistical analysis of the MTBF of all the parts in the product gives a reliability number for the product. It's just not something they are likely to share.

Buying a gun is like buying a vehicle. I gather what data I can, test drive a few, and then make my decision. I don't expect them to tell me the L10 rating for every bearing used in the thing.
 
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"A rifle is either 1MOA or it isn’t, there is no middle ground."

Yes there is. It all depends on the specific ammo used. Some will be and some won't be. Or maybe none will be. But I doubt if all will be. MOA that is.
 
Another (very important) thing this propsed master system lacks is a method of compensating for the hardest variable of all to account for - human interaction with the firearm.

Even if you find a way to fine tune the manufacturing process to ensure that each firearm that leaves the factory is virtually identical in terms of material quality and fit, different shooters have different shooting habits. Some of these habits will inevitably cause failures in even the most well-designed, failure-proof firearms.

I think the bottom line is that there is plenty of information out there on a myriad of firearms. More than enough to learn about and become proficient in their use. One more set of "standards", while it may seem like a novel concept, would very likely just muddy the waters.
 
it's because it's an impossible question to answer.

You've answered your own question quite concisely right there.

It is exactly like asking which car is better when there is no answer. It all depends on your desired goals and what is important to you.
 
it's because it's an impossible question to answer.
You've answered your own question quite concisely right there.

It is exactly like asking which car is better when there is no answer. It all depends on your desired goals and what is important to you.

As another example from the automotive world, tires often have "traction, treadwear, and temperature" ratings. Since there are no real ways to specify this, or standards, the manufacturers have been known to just make these numbers up. Not necessarily to be dishonest, just because there are so many variables. The numbers normally have a little bit of meaning within a brand name, but don't translate well across brands. For example, a 60,000 mile Goodyear tire will probably last longer than a 40,000 mile Goodyear tire, but how either compares to a 50,000 mile Michelin tire is anybody's guess. 50,000 miles on a small Honda, or on a full size Chevy? What kind of brakes, what kind of driving style (city, highway, like my teenage son or like my grandmother? Arizona heat or North Dakota ice?, etc)

I suspect that any system you devise will have similar flaws.

Also, the high end manufacturers might be slow to embrace your system, unless your system shows, for example, that a Wilson Combat is eight times as good as an RIA.

Meanwhile, we have the internet, the HighRoad and other forums. We can find the bargains and discuss the merits of various guns and decide what best meets our needs. Everybody seems to love Glocks and the XDm series. I personally like a thumb safety, and have heard OK things about the Ruger SR9. I can go into my LGS and say "layout a Glock (whatever), and XDm, and a SR9c for me to play with". I can heft them all and verify what I've read on the forums, and be armed with the knowledge that is most important to me. If I like the fact the the Ruger has a magazine safety (or dislike that, but know that it's easy to remove) that is something I can consider. If not, I don't need to wonder about how much minutia that I don't care about effected the ranking, asking myself "The XDm is an eight, and the Ruger is a 6, but how much of the difference is due to XXX which I don't care about."

Besides, if your scheme were to be adopted, the HighRoad would be empty and I'd have to think of something else to do on my breaks...
 
How much does ISO 9001 and MIL-SPEC come into the picture as far as quality goes ?

I've worked for ISO companies. IMO ISO certification is meaningless as far as quality goes.

As for MILSPEC that would depend on regulation of the term. If a company can call something "MILSPEC" regardless of the "SPEC" part...
Kinda like "Tactical." Make it black, call it tactical & double the price. Works every day.
 
Sorry but I agree 100% with kingpin008 this is a solution looking for a problem.

There is a firearm for every budget and for every criteria. For example just look at 1911s. You can get a 1911 from Turkey for $329 NIB or you can pay $5,000 for a Heirloom Percisions customs. Listing and rating all the specs, materials etc... on a data sheet is not going to move someone looking at a sub $400 to a $5,000 gun.

People buy what they buy based on subjective criteria. You cannot quantify it in the way you are attempting to. It does not work for cars, houses, boats, electronics or guns. For the majority of consumers price point drives most of their choices.

Even if you detail all the specs it will never tell the whole story. Take high end audio. You can take 2 sets of speakers with almost identical specs and they will produce very different music. Same is true for amplifers or pre-amps. Ultimately the sound reproduced by the same equipment in 2 different rooms will be different. Just like the same gun in two different shooters hands will produce different groups. There are too many variables for the data to be meaningful. A Krell is a great amp but if you like a laid back sound you are much better off with a vintage Macintosh tube amp. Your system does not help with the most important variable which is the concept of "subjective" preference.

IMHO you make an incorrect assumption that things like "quality" can be quantified, measured and judged objectively. IMHO they cannot. I own an old, 1990 Mercedes Benz 560 Sec. It was the last mass produced car, 28,929 units in 6 years, MB built without a MSRP before it was designed. The engineers built it and the bean counters then set the price. Now a days the bean counter sets the price and the engineers built a car to that price point. I do not need to know all the specs to know that this is a quality car. I shut my 20+ year old trunk or door and the sound it makes tells me al I need to know. The body is still tight after 20 years. The way it drives, it almost glides at 95 MPH, tell me more about the quality of the build than any piece of paper ever could. Quality is often a visceral thing not a quantitative one. It was the right car for me because of its "feel" not its price point or how often I need to replace the brake pads.

When people ask which of these guns is best? I always answer which one feels best in your hand, which one points naturally etc.... this is much more meaningful than a spec sheet could ever be. What you are suggesting will only increase cost with no tangible benefit to the consumer.

My final point is that the majority of gun sold in this country are never going to see 1,000 rounds in their lifetime. 99% of guns will not be shot to the point of failure due to quality of materials. People who post on gun boards shoot matches, train and shoot more than once a year are the minority. WE do not make up the bulk of gun buyers. As sad as it is today guns are spec'd, built and priced with that in mind. They are made to hit a price point that the masses will pay. Quality is secondary and the manufacturers of these products do not want to disclose this to us.
 
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Research you purchase before you buy. Buy firearms produced by a reputable manufacturer with a history of producing quality products and good customer service. Otherwise take your chances with an unknown.

....pretty simple actually.
 
I've worked for ISO companies. IMO ISO certification is meaningless as far as quality goes.

As for MILSPEC that would depend on regulation of the term. If a company can call something "MILSPEC" regardless of the "SPEC" part...
Kinda like "Tactical." Make it black, call it tactical & double the price. Works every day.

I agree one hundred per cent with ISO Certification being meaningless.
All it means is on paper they have the theoretical ability to track quality.
It is really all about paper shuffling. It says nothing about actual quality.
 
I agree one hundred per cent with ISO Certification being meaningless.
All it means is on paper they have the theoretical ability to track quality.
It is really all about paper shuffling. It says nothing about actual quality.

Its more about process than practice.
 
You may or may not have noticed that nearly every single day (and sometimes multiple times in the same day), there are new "What's the best bolt action/lever action/AR15/AR10/1911/CCW pistol/snub nose revolver/home defense shotgun/o-u shotgun/etc/etc" threads.

Usually posted by people too lazy to bother to learn for themselves that "best" has no definition beyond the needs of each individual person. My "best" is different than your "best" and the next guys "best".

know your specific needs, you know features you want vs what features you're not willing to do without, and you know your budget. You know what "acceptable accuracy" is to you; but you also know how often an FTF or FTE is acceptable to you, and what would constitute as a poorly made weapon.

This is called doing your homework, reading, learning, renting or borrowing specific examples for test firing, assessing your firearm needs, wants, skills, and accuracy. Comparing features, functions, sights, potential accuracy, grip angles, material quality, workmanship, and construction quality. Thus, accumulating a personal knowledge bank as to what is "best" for oneself.

Gun Tests Magazine does comparison of Firearms and covers most of the topics that a diligent purchaser should consider. They are somewhat like Consumers Reports in that they accept no advertising, so they tell it like it is, good, bad, or ugly.


You can help people learn for themselves, but you can't make a chart or graph to fix either stupid or lazy.



.
 
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The list of standards you propose sound a lot like mil spec type standards. It would be interesting to have some independent body rank the specific materials and machining, but I can see some problems. If the standards were high almost nobody in the industry would be able to meet them currently. They ALL cut corners and shave a dime here or there when possible. And this is a very small, insular industry we're talking about that would be highly resentful of the intrusion. Which means you'd get zero assistance and wouldn't even know what standards and practices they were applying. In short in order to be effective it would have to be hostile to the industry.
 
You realize that most of this is true for many things, let's just take cars. Just because the car has the engineering and capapbilities to take a turn significantlly faster than a cheaper car, that dosent make a difference if the driver is not capable of making use of it. Same with guns, swords, boats etc. It's just an object untill you pick it up or get into it. The capabilitys come out when the right person is at the controls. We all know that buying a better set of clubs isn't going to make you a better golfer, unless you are at a level to be able to make use of them. If someone wants to buy a $4000.00 1911, and they can afford it, what business is it of mine.It's like the speakers, 10,000 dollar speakers are going to hit notes that you can't hear unless you are a bat. Les Baer or Wilson is making a gun that will always shoot better than the shooter, why does this bother you. One of the few things we still have hear is the ability to choose our own peril, if you have a hobby or anything that takes time and money, your in the right place. We can still buy stuff that we may vever have the ability to master, just because we want to.
On guns, I found that most people don't even know how to break down an auto pisol to clean it, not our members, but people who bought a gun for self defense, no one explained it to them, that they needed to maintain it, and they are afraid to break something. I have heard 1st timers say this many times, I offer to clean their guns and show them. But there are a lot of folks that have guns but are not gun smart people or mechanical in any way. What works for me, may be terrible for someone else
 
If it needs a break in period to function, if it won't work with factory magazines, if you need to finish making the gun, or you need to finish making the magazines, it's not high quality.
 
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