How do you train?

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What sort of self defense scenarios do you train for, and what does your training consist of? When you think of what your most likely self defense situation might be, and how it will turn out, what things do you train for to mitigate possible downsides?

For instance, for self-defense shooting (not military shooting, or as-accurate-as-possible shooting) I usually do variations on 2 threat targets at distances of 3-10 yards, 3 hits in critical areas per target, sometimes with a move to cover, or full out run away, reassessing the situation and making followup shots or reloading as necessary. When I can afford to go shooting on some public land outside with a buddy, we take turn setting up targets for each other while the other isn't looking so we don't know what the target layout is. We also throw non-threat targets in as bystanders to make things harder. Using a few dummy rounds in each other magazines to simulate misfires is also helpful. My buddy will load my mags, set up my targets, and then I will face them with my eyes closed. I know to open my eyes and engage when my buddy slaps me on the back really hard to simulate surprise and distraction.

I don't mean to make this a caliber/weapon thread, but talks of "one shot stops" got me wondering about what exactly people are training for. I've never put any thought into one shot stops, because the idea of firing one round at one threat and calling it a day is frankly ridiculous. Once I started doing this sort of training, I found I needed a lot more rounds to confidently get the job done. When you're not at an indoor range in a lane with target you set up in front of you, taking your time to draw and shoot, it becomes far more difficult to make good critical shots on multiple targets. This is not to say that I don't train fundamentals at a range, but fundamentals alone will not get you through a deadly threat. One of the biggest reasons I sold my Ruger P345 is because I didn't want to carry an 8+1 shot weapon any more. 3 hits per target only left me 3 rounds, and that's if every shot was a critical hit. Statistics of real shooting incidents throughout the country show that hitting your target every time is a fantasy. I also try not to rely on reloads too much. I do train to reload, but I don't factor the extra mag in my available round count. If a magazine fails or gets jammed, or if I'm wearing clothes that make carrying a reload impractical, I don't want to be missing a critical part of my plan. So the extra mag is just a true backup, not part of the self defense plan itself. Because of this, I will not carry a weapon that holds less than 12+1. I want to be able to put 3 shots into at least 2 targets, and have enough rounds to do it all over again if I missed or there were more threats than I thought. And knowing that misses or non critical hits will probably happen in the real world, I try to carry a 16+ round weapon whenever I can.

So know that I gave you an idea of what I so sometimes to train and my philosophy behind it, what does your training look like, and why did you decide to do it like that?
 
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Daily, I do dry fire, focusing on 2H, SHO (strong hand only), and WHO equally. Almost every day it's from the holster; sometime it's basic "wall drill" working on a blank wall, focusing hard on the front sight with no distractions. Sometimes it's target transitions or working speed. Sometimes it's reloads (2H, SHO, WHO), etc.

At least every other day I try to work with my girlfriend or a self-defense group (really more like once every 2 weeks with them, and it's more like I instruct there, for now) I started, to train verbal skills (with unknowns, and with a BG at gun point), positioning skills, working angles (an element of clearing a structure), pummeling with a pistol (a standing grappling drill where you work to tie up the opponent's limbs and deploy your gun), or do solo visualization working on a component skill or envisioning a real fight. Sometimes I just do reps of an oddball skill like thrusts/jabs with a tac pen or fixed blade knife.

3-4 times a week I do cardio geared to improve fighting fitness (usually 2-3 1 hour long sessions designed to increase vo2max, and 1-2 sessions working on threshold or anaerobic conditioning). I also do 2 weight training sessions a week (maintaining/slowly improving strength...of everything mentioned here strength is probably the thing I need the least work on).

1-2 times a week (usually 2) I go shoot 100-200 rounds at the range. I always start with a good warmup: 3 round string slow into the berm 2H, SHO, and WHO. Then 3 round string fast into the berm 2H, SHO, and WHO. Then 5 dry draws 2H, SHO, and WHO. Then I jump into working on speed/accuracy (e.g. Bill/Siebel drill with ball & dummy), or some other component of shooting I want to improve. Today I am going to do a compression/extension drill where you begin at touching distance to the target and shoot as you move backwards, then forwards, that develops awareness of level of extension; I'm going to shoot from "compromised" positions like starting from the ground; I'm going to shoot some target transitions at 5-10 yds; and I'm going to work with some cover/concealment, altering my shooting platform (body) to the plane of concealment.

I am going to do more BJJ, wrestling, and boxing once I get situated after the holidays...I've had a move looming for the past few months so I haven't signed any local contracts but once I move I will be doing this 2-3 times a week, minimum.

I have the motivation to do this and the luxury to spend hours each week training but I've found this article to give helpful tips:

http://www.personaldefensenetwork.c...cing-in-the-resource-constrained-environment/

Doing what you can, when you can, with what you have, is more important than how much. As Tom Givens says (paraphrased from his quote in that article), it's not HOW MUCH you last practiced, it's when. I use this mentality in my practice...if I get into a gunfight today, I will have worked on some component of fighting skill TODAY, which is hopefully more than the bad guy can say.
 
conwict, when you do scenario based training, what scenario are you preparing yourself most for, and what does the simulation usually involve?

I'm not exactly sure where you live or what types of crime mostly occur around you, but I would not expect a rancher in Arizona to get held up at a gas station by two thugs as much as a college student in Detroit might. Of course it's good to try to be prepared for anything, but one must also weigh the probabilities and fit their training time around what is most likely? My example was for a public armed encounter with two assailants with no other blue force around (no kids, no gf, no wife etc), being that I'm in my 20's, live in a fairly populated urban area, and am often about in public at night. For your area, what do you imagine a likely armed encounter would entail and what do you train to do in that situation?
 
"Wargaming" or mentally thinking through possible scenarios is a worth while exercise, IMHO. As for shooting such scenarios, I find that IDPA type matches are a decent way to see what others think and what works for you and your gear.

When I hit the range, I actually focus on the basics. I have a couple of drills I run to check my progress or lack thereof. :scrutiny: I also try to focus a bit on my weak areas, painful as that is to most of us.

As for what I think my most likely SD event will be, it's a robbery in a parking lot. Next on the list is a intruder in the house. I stay out of stop and robs (convenience stores) almost all together. Further down the list is making a deposit at a bank.
 
Ragnar, great question.

I am demographically similar to you. I agree with your assessments of prioritizing training time.

My ultimate goal is to be a well-rounded tactician who can use nearly any tool necessary in nearly any situation...however, I don't really focus at all on long gun work, team stuff (in the military/LEO/contractor sense), or very much on "SHTF/prepper" stuff. I will probably implement more long gun stuff after mastering or nearly mastering handgun work, and the SHTF stuff...well, I have several hundred pounds of dried food, but I just don't see a compelling reason to go much beyond that, currently.

As for what I DO prepare for, it's hard to say the "most likely" scenario I'd encounter, so I go off the "worst case scenario" I might encounter, within reason. Multiples, rapid ingress, outside the home, when I am with my GF. (Now that I get discussing it, I'm reminded I need to work on better verbal comms with her.) Thus I prepare for a physical confrontation involving a handgun, moreso than a "gunfight."

I'm very happy with the skills acquired thus far in training with Southnarc: multiples/close-range fighting, in-vehicle, and in-structure. I weight interaction with a potentially assaultive unknown/multiple unknowns heaviest, as I believe it's the most difficult scenario to train for, and the training provides other tangible benefits that trickle down into other skillsets.

Other than that my goal is to be able to run the gun smoothly and efficiently enough that if I encounter a "pure" shooting problem I will beat the other guy(s) to the punch.

To me it's helpful, past a certain point, to break it down according to sound tactics, rather than attempting to account for every possible variable in every situation. There are infinite situations but a finite number of good, sound, relatively adaptable tactics.

To that end I focus on positional dominance at close and long ranges (e.g. the right way to entangle/unentangle, take corners, use cover, and approach/disengage) and also on perception of cues (e.g. If A, then B type thinking - so that rather getting bogged down in details, I can focus on important cues).
 
I am an IDPA Match Director, so my training regimen consists of the most varied and challenging scenarios and drills I can think up (or are thought up by my crew) -- as I'm not just trying to challenge myself, but a broader local community of shooters and fellow competitors as well.

Now, during our weekly practice sessions we tend to do a lot of basic skills stuff, draw and reload drills, cover drills, movement and transitions drills. Then in our monthly matches we can bring out the moving and disappearing targets, as well as more complicated movement and cover scenarios. I try to always include a lot of fast and close work, to maximize gun-handling fluidity, and the long-range work that keeps us honest with the fundamentals.

Practice only a few skills and what do you do when the need you face doesn't look just like that drill?
 
My pistol shooting skills have eroded a bunch in the past few years, but I have no intention to devote the resources it would take to get them back. So, when I go to the range for live fire I shoot from the same type of concealment I use for the season. That means drawing from under a zipped up Carhart coat with a wool sweater that might or might not be in the way. It's pretty sobering to actually use a shot timer on a cold and on demand draw with normal garb and daily carry gear.

I shoot quite a bit with the shots clipping along at a good speed (I know, that's subjective) with me moving, the gun moving, or both me and the gun moving. I end with some group shooting.

...and why did you decide to do it like that?
I decided to do it like that because after 30 years of shooting drills, competition shooting, etc., the last thing I need to practice is a stand and deliver static drill. I prefer to practice something much more dynamic with changing conditions.
 
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I can't imagine circumstances where I'm fighting long range. No one is going to rob me at 25 yards. I don't worry about some enemy trying to assassinate me at 100 yards. I believe it will be close if it ever happens and a good chance it will be at night and more than one attacker. Frankly I could care less about being proficient with a wide range of weapons. I believe its much better to spend my limited time and dollars to being better with my carry gun. I think you will go home with what you brought with you or you won't go home. My big goal this year is to improve point shooting skills.
 
JohnBlitz, what do you do to become proficient with your carry gun? How many rounds do you plan on firing? Once at the target? 3 times? Fire til slide lock? Do you reload? Move to cover?

Beyond taking slow methodical shots at stationary targets in a well lit range, or slowly building fundamentals, what do you do to specifically train for a violent engagement with another person?

I don't think just being good at fundamental shooting is enough. It is important. It is the foundation of everything. But to actually engage another human being who is threatening you, you need to be prepared beyond having a perfect stance or trigger squeeze when you're in a stationary range lane with the lights on and all the time in the world to line up your shots on a piece of paper.

I like conwict and Sam's responses. I'm looking not just for things to help me build my own skills and new ideas of what to work on, but also just out of curiosity. We talk a lot about the terminal ballistics of one round of this vs. one round of that, or what features one gun has over another. But the hardware isn't good unless the software running it doing it right. Real life gun fighting is not on a range, is not well lit, and you don't get to warm up or spend half an hour working on your stance before you do it. Real life is walking through a parking lot with your keys and phone, and 5 seconds later you're shooting at a threat or you might be the one who gets killed. Do you feel you are prepared for that, and if so, how did you get that way and how do you maintain it?
 
a lot of basic skills stuff, draw and reload drills, cover drills, movement and transitions drills
This is the basic stuff that I practice at home during dry practice. This along with melding the mind and the trigger press to see the sights faster are the basics you need to approach any shooting problem. Live fire drills validate your dry practice.

To hone your reaction skills, I've found the best training has been Airsoft practice with a friend...their lack of skill or skills at video gaming just makes the problem solving more interesting. It is like Top Gun, going against someone who fights just like you sets a very dangerous precedence of expectations
 
Primarily instinctive shooting with either hand at various ranges with various numbers of targets.

Also, Judo and Aikido.
 
Due to my lifestyle, the most likely event i'm likely to face is being in a restaurant when some crazy goes off like George Hennard in Luby's. And that ain't really likely.

Visualizing possible scenarios is useful to me because it develops an awareness of what could happen, but I have a vivid imagination and not all I can imagine is realistic. I read news accounts of robberies, nuggings, assaults, etc and try to imagine myself in the situation. If I can get trial records, or expert analysis of situations, so much the better. Details are helpful.

That said, I don't practice live-fire against specific scenarios. What I practice is mentally avoiding or getting out of these scenarios. The goal is self-defense, not offense. I continually scan my surroundings and try to avoid high-risk environments. My priority option SD skill is avoid danger. My secondary SD skill is draw fast and hit target(s). That is what I need to know I can do when my priority skill fails. Visualization is mental reinforcement of when and when not to do it.

I used to shoot IPSC, then IDPA. I do not consider either to be realisitic in terms of practical SD. In one IDPA drill, the scenario was set up to resemble walking into a convenience store robbery in progress. The course of fire required taking out the BG at the register while not injuring the clerk, then identifying and taking out two BGs at the back of the store (supposedly clearing out the beer cooler). I took out the first BG, then retreated out the front door, while yelling at the "clerk" to do the same. Building clearing is not in my job description and searching for a BG amid the shelves is not my idea of self defense. Once the immediate threat is eliminated, I'm not going looking for trouble. I was DQd for failing to complete the course. Haven't shot IDPA since.

As for shooting fast and hitting targets, my life-fire practice consists of variations of a combination Mozambique and El Presidente drills. I do practice movement and concealment as part of dry-fire practice, but I consider this to be part of visualization, not shooting.
To hone your reaction skills, I've found the best training has been Airsoft practice with a friend.
I like the Airsoft idea. I just need to find someone to play with.:scrutiny:
 
Some folks will consider this an argument in semantics - if so, so be it.

Training, in a firearms context, is what you do with an instructor who is there to teach you something you didn't already know how to do, or know how to do well.

What you do alone or with friends on a flat range is practice, unless of course you are actively working on developing new skillsets with someone who knows those skillsets better than you do - an instructor in other words.

I train to learn new skillsets, and practice to make sure I can perform them as well as I can.
 
From the dictionary:

Train: ...to make proficient by instruction and practice, as in some art, profession, or work.

I practice as part of my training regime.
 
Like I said - some folks think it's semantics.

And please don't offer dictionary lessons to a retired librarian... :D
 
For the first time in many years...I am speechless. That's what I get for trying to troll with a master moderator. :)
 
Most of what we do in practice (from our training) is likely gonna be similar. Two-hand, strong-hand, off-hand, incorporating commands, scanning for other threats, shooting with movement, drawing from holster, emergency/tactical and administrative reloads, pushing on the speed/accuracy differential, yada yada yada.

One thing I practice (and yes, I've been trained to do it properly) that I seldom see others work on is shooting from a strong retention hold. I think that type of shot is as likely to be needed as any other. We can do everything in the world to prepare (stay in yellow, know the Tueller thing, situational awareness, the OODA Loop and all that jazz), but at the end of the day, we might not get to choose the proximity of an attacker. If he's already within 10-15 feet, you better know how to get one hand up on defense while the other does its thing.
 
Nice one LEE. Just increased my laugh factor by a hundred.

This a very interesting thread. As I sit here eatin' dinner, I'm thinking to myself, just how would I train for different scenarios. Ya see, I'm a Hemipalegic, that's a person that is paralyzed on one side of the body and may or may not have full use of the other. Kinda like a stroke patient. As such, most of the movement training like a shoot and scoot thing is a tad more difficult for a person such as myself. Not saying I can't do it, just more difficult and a bit slower than an able bodied individual.

In saying that, a lot of my drills/practice include mechanics. Those include live fire practice at varying distances into stationary and mobile targets such as fixed silhouettes and bullseye as well as soda can and "ball." A lot of dry firing around the house as well as draw and "fire" practice in various positions and various times doing whatever. Like this, walk into the house with a sack of groceries in my hand and "feel a threat", draw and aim with dry fire stuff. Hear the dogs howl/bark and do a draw, if on my person, or retrieve weapon NOW!

There are so many different things/scenarios I could try and familiarize myself with it boggles my mind. So I just try to visualize and prepare as best I can for whatever can/will happen and hope my military training, past experiences, and basic mechanics will help me perform and or react at my best. I just try not to put myself in those situations as best I can so I don't have to react.
 
And now that I'm thinkin' about it, thanx to this thread, I really need to start practicing "real life" reload scenarios such as what Gomez-Training.com as offered. Once again, this is a great site and great ideas and help. Thanx ya'll
 
Static accuracy & speed work at the range.

Weekly or bi-weekly USPSA/IDPA matches. (been slacking due to budget issues)

Daily dry fire rehearsal from concealment to retention/extension prior to leaving the house.
 
Most of my practice is done at an indoor range, thankfully one that allows draws, rapid fire, and even multiple targets and movement to a degree.

First and most important thing - I go to the range with a list of goals. I usually have them written down in advance in my range log. Here's an example from a few weeks ago:

12/15/2011
Confirm zero with new sights @ 15yds, 25yds.
Work on concealed drawstroke
Work on recoil control 3-6 rounds
Establish some new draw and reload PAR times with the G34

Not much too it, but it makes it easier to focus on what I'm doing, and where I need to improve.

I almost always start a practice session with a cold drill; always the same drill, shot without any warmup, to track what I can likely do in a defensive situation (or at the first stage of a match.) My cold drill since 2010 has been the iHack - the Indoor Hackathorn Headshot Standards. The outdoor version is shot on IDPA or IPSC targets, while the indoor version is shot on 3 2" dots, spaced as far apart as possible. Same distance, same scoring.

Once that's done, I just roll on down the list. I run speed drills, accuracy drills, skill drills (the aforementioned draws and reloads, also malfunction clearances once in a while.) I have a huge list of drills that I like to use, and I record PAR times and personal bests for all of them. Helps to track my progress, and isolate any weak points that need more attention.

I try to get to the outdoor range once a week, weather and match schedule permitting. My practice sessions go much longer outside, but hold to the same general idea. Outdoors, I focus more on the skills I can't work inside - movement, ports and barricades, and position entries and exits.

Dry fire every day. We've talked about dry practice before. It's important. Dry fire with a SIRT or a laser-equipped pistol also lets you work on movement, position entries, and other things that can be difficult to practice at the indoor range

-C
 
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