Knapping or how I spent my summer vacation

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4v50 Gary

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No, I don't mean sleeping midday though I'd like to regularly after lunch.

Flew into Louisville where I visited the Kentucky Derby Museum (best exhibit was the farrier exhibit), Speed Art Museum (they have an original painting of Daniel Boone) and the Frazier Arms Museum (it's a must). Afterwards, went to Vincennes for the rendezvous there. Spent about 7 hours there before leaving for the IN State Military Museum in Vincennes. Great stop if you want to see working tanks (M3 & M5 Stuart, M47, M4A3E8, Czech version of the Sdkfz 250 halftrack, M20 scout car, LVT-4, etc.).

After Vincennes, on Monday I visited Jeff White in Alma who took us to see the ILL State Military Museum. Their claim to fame is Santa Anna's wood leg (the same one Madeline Albright promised back to Mexico before Illinois stepped in and said, "Sorry, it belongs to us." :)). We scooted down towards Paducah but before crossing the Ohio stopped by Fort Ascencion (Fort Massiac or Massic). The recreated fort was built within footsteps of the original and the original is layed out with short logs. Great job of reconstruction Illinois! :D

Then down to Bowling Green, Kentucky. This year I was fortunate to be accepted in the National Muzzle Loading Association's Building an Southern Iron Mounted Rifle taught by Hershel and John House. We spent about three or four days at the forge to make our buttplates and trigger guards from steel stock. Intermittingly we did some whitesmithing (filing) to prepare our forged parts for assembly. Some of us also made sideplates (saw & file) for our guns.

The next six days was spent at Western Kentucky University assembling our guns. The stocks had been pre-inletted for the barrels and drilled out for the ramrods (OK, most of us have done it before, but why bother?). This gave us more time on stock architecture and fitting.

I can't say too much because I'm writing an article (at Hershel's request) for the NMLRA magazine, Muzzle Blasts. What I did achieve in the six days in the workshop was to inlet the tang, fit the buttplate, inlet the lock and sideplate, inlet the trigger and trigger guard, pour the pewter nosecap and carve out most of the stock (I left it somewhat rough so I can relief carve it later).

After we departed WKU I went to Conner Prairie in Fishers, IN. The outdoor museum features a gunshow, Three Centuries of Tradition that was curated by Mark Silver and Wallace Gusler. Both are known to me as they are instructors fo the NMLRA gunbuilding seminars. A little over an hour was spent gawking at the guns. A trip to through Praire Town brought me to the blacksmith shop where my first blacksmithing instructor was working. We talked for hours before I decided to leave. On the way out, I stopped by the demonstration area where John Weston was demonstrating relief carving and John Shipper was engraving. They had somewhat over a dozen and a half of their guns displayed to complement the main show. The rest of the day was spent talking to them before final departure at 6 p.m.

The next day was spent @ Friendship, IN where the NMLRA had its national match. I didn't bring a gun but plenty of time was spent talking with various instructors and suttlers.

The NMLRA also offers classes so I took flintknapping and mocassin making. The flintknapping requires a bit of hand eye skill and isn't all that difficult. One key point is never to knap while the flint is in the jaws of the hammer. You can bend the hammer that way. It's safer to remove it and knap it off the gun.

Had a sidetrip to Cincinnati where we visited the Fire Dept. Museum. Great museum if you want to see how it was done in the old days (thank God for modern technology though). We then returned to Friendship where we tried to visit the Seagrams Distillery in Aurora, IN. The guard apologized stating that distillery tours were discontinued a few years ago. Since we couldn't get in, I told him that we were switching brands. He broke out in a hearty laugh (as did we).

Our final full day was spent at the Frazier where I scrutinized their exhibits (one powder horn was incorrectly marked French-Indian and I pointed it out to an employee). Attended almost all of their interpretive shows and the gal who played Annie Oakley must be commended on her safe handling of firearms. Not once did she allow her muzzle to sweep across a member of the audience. Having spent about 6 1/2 hours at the Frazier, I barely had time to go across the street to the Louisville Slugger Museum to buy some postcards.

BTW, Friendship is deadly to the pocketbook. I must have dropped about $1k there.:(
 
Glad you had a good time Gary. Flint knapping is somthing that I mean to teach myself in the future. I have a flint question for you.

How do you choose the proper size of flint for your rifle.
What measurement is used for the proper flint sizing.
 
Hi Paul,

Try to get a flint as wide as the jaws will hold without scraping the side of the barrel or overhanging outside the width of the ffrizzen. That's a pretty good general rule of thumb.

Lockmaker and gunbuilder Jim Chambers does not recommend lead to hold the flint. Lead works but the problem with many of the casted hammers is that they'll bend. Use leather instead.

Gary
 
That part about the lead flint patch is interesting. Is it the weight or something else? I've come to rather like using lead in lieu of leather, and I can always pound it thinner....
Did you guys do any spring hardening?
That sounds like an awesome trip!
 
Welcome back Gary!
Sounds like it was an awesome trip, please let us know when the article get's published so we can track down a copy of the magazine. If you have any recomends for books on the type of stuff you were doing in the class (making internal gun parts for flintlocks) please post them here. I am VERY interested in making my own replica from the ground up (I am a blacksmith that specializes in reproductions of period knives, swords, and tools so I have the basic skill set to accomplish the metal work).
 
Thanks Gary. I had never heard of a lead flint patch, but I'm new to flinters.

Is it a new thing, or an old practice.
 
Sorry if I neglected to mention it.

Jim doesn't recommend using lead to secure the flint in the jaws of the hammer. It's the weight factor and with the casted hammers, they could bend. I've accidentally bent a hammer once when it slipped from my thumb after I had depressed the sear. A few taps of a hammer straightened it out, but still it's not something you want to play with.

On books, George Shumway's Recreating the American Longrifle is excellent as is Dixon's book (blue spiral bound). I've seen Peter Alexander's book and it's good too (Gunsmith of Grenville).

There are several video tapes that are also good. Hershel House has a couple as does Ron Ehlert. Both are excellent instructors. I'm not sure whether Wallace Gusler made one (he made one on relief carving and wire inlay besides the famous "Gunsmith of Williamsburg" that prompted the revival in flintlock building).

Regarding spring hardening, they did it in Jim's lock assembly class. I did it years ago when in a class on lock modification taught by Jack Brooks of Colorado. Have to look at the notes to see what color I heated it and how I quenched it. It was then drawn out (heated but to a lesser extent).

The NMLRA classes are excellent and the instructors are all outstanding. It's price $900 (or $100 a day) but you will learn a lot. Virtually all of the instructors have had their work featured in Three Centuries of Tradition which is now showing at Conner Prairie. If you have a chance to see it, please do so. It is small but each object merits lengthy studying.

One of my favorite is the "Snickers Gun" by Ron Ehlert. Ron likes jagers and had a gun out at Bowling Green for us to study. I opened it once and was surprised to find a "Snickers Bar" in the wood patchbox. He told me the Snickers is his snack food when he's on a hunt. :p One year Ron had the Snickers gun on display at Gunmakers' Hall at Friendship. Someone stuffed a condom packet in the patchbox so Ron could have a complete survival kit.:eek:

Another famous gun is the very gun that Wallace Gusler made in '62 (or so) when they filled the Gunsmith of Williamsburg flick. Gary Brumfield brought it out and we got to shoot it last year. Trigger was light and the action lightning quick. You couldn't tell it was flintlock as ignition was fast. That gun is also on display there as is Wallace's latest creation (a $50k gun) with extensive wire inlay. Got to handle that too at Bowling Green and Conner Prairie (this is before he delivered it to the buyer).
 
BTW Paul, using a flattened piece of lead to secure a flint is an old practice. I suspect that leather was more frequently used since lead was scarce and needed for ball. If I had a forged lock, I'd use lead as it holds the flint better (for me) than leather did (really have to clamp down with leather to get a good purchase.
 
Springs

Poodleshooter,

I'm an old toolmaker, and sometime 'smith. The areas where I've seen the most spring failures originate with two problems.

First it's essential to adequately polish the spring prior to hardening. If this isn't done cracks can propogate from any flaw, including features that you'd swear were more a blemish than a mechanical fault. Polish again after quenching, you need to do this to clearly see the tempering color.

Second, be sure that you've used enough heat, and for long enough, in tempering. Don't just run the color along the surface of the spring. It's easy to loose a couple hours work in an instant if you leave the spring too hard. Of course, too much heat will also ruin your efforts.

I wish I could give a useful rule of thumb about tempering. The trouble is that different springs can require different tempers to make a lock work optimally. The best I can offer is to solve any problem that may have contributed to the original spring breaking- almost all of the cast locks common today can benefit from polishing, and very few of these as they come from the makers are well timed, this is often less a matter of basic geometry (though that can be an issue) than friction.

Bob
 
Attached is a picture of my iron mounted southern rifle. The walnut one was made by my benchmate, Mark and the maple stocked one on the bottom is mine. I stood atop of our workbench to photograph them while they were on the cement floor.
 

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A little secret that I learned knapping projectial points is that concodial fractures do follow rules in homogenous material, It fractures at 135 degrees to the applacation of force in a 3D cone. To see what I mean, shoot at glass with a BB at different angles, you will see the cone blown off the backside of the glass change orientations.
 
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