Oleg Volk
Moderator Emeritus
Grandfather was shot in summer of 1941, his daughter and her kids later the same year. My grandmother and one of her brothers survived further East. Another brother died in a tank at Kursk in 1943.
Since 1941, there wasn't a single year that I can think of during which no government killed or tortured scores of its own citizens. This kind of history repeats itself over and over again, checked here and there only by the armed resistance to tyranny...in too few instances.