Jurisdiction in National Parks
The jurisdiction in National Parks can be confusing, but it all comes down to the enabling legislation. The is the language that Congress used to create the unit. Whether it is a National Park, Battlefield, Historic Site, Wild and Scenic River, or any other unit of the National PARK system it has enabling legislation. These are the sites administered by the Department of the Interior, not the Department of Agriculture (Forest Service), and includes the Bureau of Land Management and Fish and Wildlife Service.
THere are three types of federal jurisdiction applying to National Park Service sites. Exclusive, concurrent and proprietary.
Exclusive jurisdiction means just that...the jurisdiction remains entirely within the federal government and the state has virtually none. The state does have the ability to serve civil processes, and residents within the site can vote in local and state elections. The state cannot collect sales tax, for example. Federal officers (Law Enforcement Rangers) can apply federal law, or utilize the Assimilative Crimes act to access state law where ther is no federal law on point. They also can utilize regulations which adopt state law, i.e. traffic laws/drivers licenses/car insurance/etc. The city/county/state law enforcement officers cannot. Only the older Natinoal Park sites have this (Yellowstone, Yosemite, Denali, Olympic, Rainier, and Hot Springs National Park to name a few).
Concurrent jurisdiction means that both the federal government and the state government can enforce their own laws/regulations within the area. All state laws apply and can be enforced by noth federal and state officers. Most units of the National Park Service have this. Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Everglades National Park, and every National Park site in Maryland have this type.
Proprietary jurisdiction means that the primary law enforcement responsiblity is carried by the state. Federal officers can only enforce federal laws/regulations, or those federal regulations that adopt state law.
The new firearms law, (PL 111-24, Sec. 512) does still prohibit the posession of firearms and dangerous weapons (knives with a blade length greater than 2 1/2" for example) in federal facilities. Typically this means a structure of some type where federal employees are regularly present. The public entrances must still be prominently posted for a criminal charge to occur.
Note that this law ONLY applies to the carriage of firearms, open and concealed. The discharge of firearms is still prohibited. Simply put, if you could legally hunt in the Park Service site, you still can. If hunting was prohibited it still is. Target shooting on Park Service sites was, and will still be prohibited.
So instead of getting a single regulation that applied nationwide, (FIREARMS ARE PROHIBITED), we now have hundreds if not thousands of city, county or state laws that will apply. Be careful what you ask for, you may just get it. Rest assured that the local Rangers are reading up on it.
We should do the same.