From today's St Louis Post Dispatch
If the lower court ruled the Hancock Amendment wasn't an issue, why is the Supreme Court looking into it. I find it hard to believe that the court might see fees of $100 inadequate, considering that across the river in Illinois, the state does a records check on every legal gun owner and issues them a FOID card for a whopping $5.00. How much do they charge an armed forces recruiter to do a local records check on an applicant? I would bet that in most counties it's free or just a token cost of a few dollars.
Judges question whether measure violates Hancock Amendment
BY TERRY GANEY
Jefferson City Bureau Chief
01/22/2004
JEFFERSON CITY - The Supreme Court judges who heard arguments on Missouri's concealed weapons law Thursday focused not on its public safety aspects but on how county sheriffs would be paid to carry it out.
During 30 minutes of debate, the judges peppered lawyers on both sides of the issue on whether the law violated the state's constitutional spending cap known as the Hancock Amendment.
That constitutional amendment says the Legislature cannot saddle local governments with additional duties without appropriating the money to implement them. Many of the seven judges' questions centered on whether the $100 fee the Legislature said sheriffs could charge for the permits met that standard.
The intense interest on the funding aspects of the law marked the latest twist in the passage of an issue that has been at the center of controversy in Missouri for more than a dozen years. Instead of a debate on the philosophical nature of public safety and hidden guns, the Supreme Court arguments probed the details of how 114 counties and the city of St. Louis would be paid for implementing the law.
"It's a long, strange journey to end up talking about fees, taxes and unfunded mandates," said Tim Oliver, a weapons instructor and a supporter of the law. Oliver said he believed Paul Wilson, the assistant attorney general who defended the state law, did a better job answering the judges' questions than lawyers for the plaintiffs who had challenged it.
One of those plaintiffs in the crowded courtroom was St. Louis Alderman Lyda Krewson, who was accompanied by her son, Jack, 11.
"We think our arguments are very persuasive," said Krewson, 28th Ward. "My son thinks we won. We will have to wait and see. It's a complicated issue with a lot of emotion. We are optimistic."
Krewson's husband, Jeffrey, was killed in a carjacking attempt in the Central West End in 1995. Krewson and her two children were in the car at the time of the attack.
The Legislature approved the concealed weapons law on Sept. 11 over Gov. Bob Holden's veto. It allows citizens who meet certain conditions to carry hidden guns. Sheriffs would issue the permits to those who had qualified. Missouri voters rejected a similar law in April 1999, the only time the public has decided the issue in a statewide vote.
The concealed weapons law was to go into effect Oct. 11. After plaintiffs challenged the law last fall, St. Louis Circuit Judge Steve Ohmer ruled it unconstitutional and suspended its implementation. But to Ohmer, the Hancock Amendment was a nonissue.
Instead, Ohmer ruled that 10 words included in the Missouri Constitution of 1875 made the law unconstitutional. The constitution allows Missouri residents to possess arms for protection, but it also says, "but this shall not justify the carrying of concealed weapons."
Burt Newman, the Clayton-based lawyer representing the plaintiffs, tried to present that argument to the seven judges. But the judges were more interested in the $100 fee and what the Legislature meant when it directed sheriffs to use it for "training and equipment."
"We are encouraged by that," Newman said after the arguments. "We are interested in winning this case on any constitutional ground. We want to stop concealed weapons from going into effect in Missouri."
Richard Miller, the Kansas City lawyer who presented the plaintiffs' case with Newman, said that if the court allowed the law to go into effect, there would be lawsuits in counties all over Missouri over the funding issue. Some citizens would sue claiming that their local taxes were going to pay for processing permits, Miller said.
State Rep. Larry Crawford, R-California and sponsor of the concealed weapons bill, said he was confident it would be upheld on all constitutional grounds.
"I have always said we would prevail," Crawford said. He said that the $100 maximum fee was more than enough money to implement the law at the county level. He said for some sheriffs the fees would amount to a windfall. Crawford said the reason the Legislature limited the spending of the permit fees to "training and equipment" was to prevent some counties from spending it on roads or other uses.
"The legislative intent was for the extra money to stay with the sheriffs," Crawford said.
It is difficult to predict when the court might rule. Usually it takes 60 to 90 days for a decision to be handed down. But cases have turned around in one day. The court agreed to expedite the concealed weapons case, and a decision could be ready sooner than usual.
The packed courtroom Thursday was a reflection of the intense interest in the gun issue. For the first time in the memory of a veteran court clerk, court officials used tickets obtained in advance to assign seats in the courtroom where the arguments were heard. For the overflow crowd, people could watch the proceedings on closed circuit television in a nearby courtroom.
The crowd included lawmakers, attorneys from Holden's office, proponents and opponents of the law and former Rep. Harold Volkmer, D-Hannibal. Volkmer is a member of the board of the National Rifle Association, which filed legal briefs in defense of the law.
Written arguments defining the case had been in the judges' hand for weeks, and they were armed with questions. The grilling began quickly after the lawyers started presenting their sides. All seven judges asked at least one question, sometimes stepping on each other or interrupting the lawyers. Each side got 15 minutes.
In addition to the funding issue, the questions centered on whether more evidence should have been collected in the case, whether the case should have been argued in St. Louis to start with and why was there no testimony from St. Louis Sheriff Jim Murphy.
Wilson, the deputy chief of staff for Attorney General Jay Nixon, practiced in the courtroom on Wednesday during a mock trial. He was prepared for many of the judges' questions about the Hancock issue.
Wilson said no one could draw any inferences from the questions the judges asked or didn't ask. He said he believed his case defending the law was very well argued.
"The judges went right to the issues," Wilson said. "That's as good as an oral argument can be."
Reporter Terry Ganey
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