As a Polysci student, at an institution of good repute no less, the basics of this should be easy for you. First things first. Do you understand and accept the fact that governments, federal and state, do not and can not possess RIGHTS; that governments possess only POWERS?
Huh???
From the Articles of Conferation:
"the sole and exclusive right and power of regulating the alloy and value of coin struck by their own authority, or by that of the states"
and...
"Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and
independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and RIGHT, which is
not by this Confederation expressly delegated to the United
States, in Congress assembled."
Proposed amendents from state conventions:
"North Carolina’s proposed amendment declared “[t]hat each state in the Union shall respectively retain every power, jurisdiction and right.†South Carolina sought to prohibit “a construction that the states do not retain every power not expressly relinquished by them and vested in the general government of the Union.†Virginia’s proposal insisted “[t]hat each state in the Union shall respectively retain every power, jurisdiction and right, which is not by this constitution delegated to the congress of the United
States."
Constitutional Convention August 18-20, 1787:
In Convention. -- Mr. PINCKNEY submitted to the House, in order
to be referred to the committee of detail, the following
propositions: --
"The United States shall be forever considered as one body
corporate and politic in law, and entitled to all the RIGHTS,
privileges, and immunities, which to bodies corporate do or
ought to appertain."
"To fix, and permanently establish, the seat of government of
the United States, in Which they shall possess the exclusive
RIGHT of soil and jurisdiction."
Mr. KING moved to insert, before the word "power," word "sole,"
giving the United States the exclusive RIGHT to declare the
punishment of treason.
Mr. WILSON. In cases of a general nature, treason can only be
against the United States; and in such they should have the sole
RIGHT to declare the punishment;
The above quotes aren't flukes, there's plenty more where they came from.