You don't necessarily want hard steel in the barrel, trunnion, and bolt. As a rule of thumb, hard steels are brittle, crack, and shatter whike soft steels deform w/o cracking or breaking.
Each time you fire the barrel is going to expand as it's pressurized and the bolt and trunnion are going to deform in response to the ~50,000psi gas generated by the burning powder. If designed correctly these loads are under the yield strength of the steels used and when the load is removed the parts elasticly return to their original shapes.
The AK was designed not to need high alloy steels or other strategic materials in its manufacture. The Sov wanted to save the good steel, aluminum, and high performance materials for airplanes and ICBMs.
BSW