basicly cleaning out the pocket primer. there are inexpensive tools like the lee pocket clean. after you deprime your cases. i run the pocket cleaner through all the cases. it basicly takes all the old primer charge out and makes the hole correct (meaning all right angles). this tool may also remove some brass in doing so. This is normal as it will bring the case into proper specs to allow a perfect fit of your next primer. by having a tool that properly fits into the size of the primer hole. ONce done a light tap or light blast of air will remove all the old powder residue. Now that primer hole is uniformaly sized and cleaned to accept a new primer. ONce you do all of your cases they will all be uniform in primer pocket to each other.
This is where you want precison.
What ever you do to one case you should do to all of them.
Why because then all of them will be the same. Which means you will get the besat maximum performance out of all your rounds.
A primer pocket uniformer will cut the pockets of your case to a std uniform depth and square the bottom edges. This allows the primers to all be seated to a even depth and squarely in the case. The task is only done once and care is needed to insure you don`t open the walls of the pocket or cut too deep if the tool isn`t fixed in its cutting depth. This isn`t "cleaning" the pocket of ash, you are acually removing case material from the pocket.
This is normally done by shooters with highly accurate benchrest or varmite rifles to aid in accuracy. The task IMO dosen`t help with off the shelve hunting rifles and is worthless with pistols unless you have a batch of cases with poorly stamped pockets. Unlikely.
Here is the one I use.
Basically what Ol` Joe said. It's also done by shooters of M1-type service rifles to duplicate and improve upon military cartridge primer/bolt face clearance.
For example, with the 7.62mm NATO cartridge, I ream and uniform the primer pockets of military surplus brass depth to .131" (industry specification is .132" max.), square the bottom corners and seat primers to a uniform depth of approximately .006" below flush (industry max. seating depth is .008").
It's an extra margin of safety against the dreaded out of battery or slam-fire.
I just got the RCBS pocket crimp swager die...I really like it. Makes very short work of those crimps and leaves a nice tight primer pocket ready to be reloaded.
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