Go With Your Recoil Limit
AIR,LAND,SEA,
For me, the real question is recoil and gun size.
I like the 9m.m. as it has less recoil, so a smaller gun can be carried and used, like the GLOCK 19 or WALTHER P99.
In a lightweight gun, a 100 rounds of .40 S&W is a lot of work.
In a full size pistol like the BERETTA 96, I go with the 155 grain JHP. It has a power and effective range advantage over the 9m.m. I prefer the BERETTA 96/155 grain combination over anything else including the .45 ACP.
About the FBI report. Remember, it was written to excuse all the mistakes the FBI made during the MIAMI MASSACRE.
For instance, one agent dropped his gun and had to WATCH THE GUNFIGHT. Only one agent had a semi-auto, a 9m.m. The rest had .38 Special revolvers.
They knew the bad guys had AT LEAST ONE MINI-14 WITH THEM. So with 8 agents in 4 vehicles, they had only one shotgun.
Also, the FBI report condems the 9m.m. for lack of penetration. The .357 magnum penetrates less, but no one condems it for lack of power.
Jim