There are a number of 9mm cartridges on cases 23mm long.
.38 Super is 9x23SR for Semi Rimmed in Europe, with straight case. (Also the earlier, less powerful .38 ACP)
9mm Steyr is 9x23 rimless straight case
9mm Bergman-Bayard = 9mm Largo in Spain, is 9x23 rimless tapered case.
9x23 CP is 9x23 rimless tapered, same external dimensions as Largo but beefed up for heavy IPSC Major loads.
9x23 Winchester is 9x23 rimless tapered, with very hard brass for safe use with high pressure loads in mass production Colts.
9mm Super Comp is Starline equivalent of 9x23 Win, but different brass hardness, thickness, and case volume call for specific loads.
.38 Super Comp is Starline brand, 9x23 rimless straight case for better feeding in widebody guns chambered for Super.
.38 TJ is also a rimless version of .38 Super, 9x23 straight rimless, different extractor groove from Super Comp.
There may be others I don't recall, but those are the main players.
Do NOT load 9x23 Win in other guns that it just happens to chamber in. A good .38 Super will hold it, but an old surplus Star or Steyr would not.