16" vs 14.5" AR Barrels

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You can mount a bayonet on a 14.5" barrel, can't do that with a 16" barrel.
As for permanently attaching the flash suppressor if you don't do or can't do the short barrel rifle route,,,,,,So what!?
If you want to switch out the front sight tower just cut the pinned tower off and install a two piece gas block in its place.
A 16" barrel with a flash suppressor is actually near 18" in length, one may as well get the full benefit of a 20" barrel for the trade off.
 
I can't find my bayonet right now, If I come up with it I will take a pic and post it.
If the bayonet doesn't fit you may have an M1 Carbine bayonet.
If you have a standard flash hider on a registered short barrel rifle or a Yankee Hill Phantom flash hider or flash hider/brake the standard bayonet will fit.
If you have a Smith Enterprise Vortex the bayonet won't fit.

Bayonets still have their uses.
Combat soldiers know most of them.
Call me disturbed but I take a certain pleasure in spearing barn rats with a bayonet now and then.
Certainly no crueler than a snap trap.:)
 
A 16" barrel with a flash suppressor is actually near 18" in length, one may as well get the full benefit of a 20" barrel for the trade off.

Depends on the flash suppressor. A 16" barrel with A2 flash hider or Ops Inc. muzzle brake is about 17" long. A 16" barrel with a Phantom or Vortex is closer to 17.5".
 
Any way you cut it the 5.56x45 was designed as and is a small caliber high velocity round. To get the most out of the cartridge it needs a long barrel. Even with a short barrel an AR can never be as compact as a similar rifle with a folding stock unless you want to break it down. I just don't see any practical purpose in having a barrel less than 20 inches on an AR. I suspect the reason the Army uses short barreled M-16's is the same reason they all get a spiffy new black hat. If it's not for purely practical purposes then get what you like and have fun.
 
You might as well say that "to get the most out of" any cartridge it needs a long barrel-- since it's factually true: more barrel length means more velocity. By that logic, we'd all be CCWing handguns with 6" or longer barrels, or hunting with 28-32"-barreled rifles.

So it comes down to the user making a trade-off based on his needs vs. the benefits of the different setups. The military is using more M4's vs. M16's because they are doing a lot more operations inside buildings and going in and out of vehicles.

Looking at Mk262, it loses only approx 85 fps impact velocity at 400 yards going from a 20" to a 16" barrel, or about 140 fps total going from a 20" to a 14.5" M4. (M193 has almost identical differential numbers at 400 yards.) For drop using a 50-yard zero, Mk262 will have an impact within 5" at 400 yards from a 20" or a 14.5", while M193 will be within 4". However, in both cases the weapon is more compact and has less weight.

-z
 
I'll toss in something else here. My wife bought a Bushmaster with a 14.5 inch M4-profile barrel, with the permanantly attached Y-something muzzle brake.

She got it for $500 even, so we're not complaining.

That said, we both would rather have gotten a 16" barrel with standard birdcage flash hider. That muzzle brake is absolutely deafening. Even with earplugs AND muffs, it's painfully loud.

So loud, in fact, that I think it can't be effectively used as a self-defense weapon - it's relegated to "range toy" status. It would deafen the shooter and anyone else nearby. Any gun will be loud, but I've fired most of my rifles at one time or another while hunting, and they aren't that bad.

We're saving up for a new upper.
 
Actually some cartridges are designed for optimal burn in shorter barrels. 7.62x39 has been for ages and the 6.8SPC is a more recent American effort along these lines. Not that you couldn't theoretically get a little velocity using a special load with the right powder just that the cartridge itself was designed for a short barrel and the bullets are designed with this in mind.

The newer heavier bullets are a great idea for 5.56 but at near $1 each how much shooting are you really going to be doing with them? A couple trips to the range and you're in more for ammo than you are for the rifle. Another way of looking at it is how many soldiers are really getting issued mk262? I haven't been keeping super close tabs on it but last time I checked M855 was the most commonly issued.

In real terms m193 needs 2700fps+ to reliably fragment which is the main wounding effect of this round. Out of a 20 inch barrel it is doing around 3250fps at the muzzle. Past 130 yards it is below 2700fps. Out of a 16 inch barrel it will be doing about 3130fps and past 100 yards it will be under 2700fps. Whether you want to call that 30% less effective range or 100 feet less effective range is up to you but what's the point in making that tradeoff? 4 inches might make the rifle fit in a gun case or hidey hole but it's not going to make a world of difference inside a building.

If you are shooting M855 then it looks worse. In a 20 inch barrel M855 is doing about 3100fps and past 120 yards it is below 2700fps. From a 16 inch barrel it is going 2990fps and is below 2700fps beyond 90 yards.

True, both M193 and M855 may possibly expand below 2700fps but they won't below 2500fps. M193 from a 20 inch barrel is below that threshold at 190 yards. From a 16 inch barrel it is below that level past 160 yards. It's even worse with a 14.5 inch barrel of course.

If we're talking practicality then it makes sense to me to get a rifle chambered for a cartridge designed for a short barrel rather than cut inches off a barrel that is chambered for a cartridge designed for a long barrel. For that matter the AR series just isn't nearly as compact as other rifles that can accept a folding stock without radical modification. Maybe I'm a knucklehead but it just seems to me it's better to get a tool that makes sense for the job.

None of this matters if you're just shooting holes in paper. Any of those barrel lengths will be plenty accurate enough to be loads of fun. If you're shooting softpoints or hollowpoints then the velocity window is not as critical as it is with M193 or M855. If you're blasting away $1/rd ammo you're either rich enough not to need to care or you'd probably be better served with a different caliber rifle.
 
You miss the point that there is no "optimal" outside of any other considerations. Since a longer barrel always means more velocity, "optimal" only has meaning when balanced against other goals for the weapon. By your logic, we should be using 24 or 26" barrels-- since they'd give more velocity and more range for "best" terminal ballistics. If you come back with "but 24 inches is too long", then you're using the same logic as why many favor the 14.5 or 16" barrels-- your personal trade-off length is just 4" longer than theirs.

Actually some cartridges are designed for optimal burn in shorter barrels. 7.62x39 has been for ages and the 6.8SPC is a more recent American effort along these lines.
On the contrary:
Numerous articles and Internet rumors have suggested that the SPC designation means 6.8 is good only for Close Quarters Battle (CQB), but not distant targets. This is incorrect, and contrary to the intent of the project and capabilities of the cartridge. The SPC designation was assigned based on the intended integration into the Mk12 Special Purpose Rifle (SPR). The SPC was designed from the round up to provide increased energy, barrier penetration, and incapacitation from the Mk12 SPR, from contact distance to 500 meters.
 
The fragmenting effects of XM193 and the like are great, but they are no substitute for proper shot placement. Shot placement is infinitely more important than the fragmenting, and you can still kill people very dead without the fragmenting effect.

So, to say that you are losing 30% of your effective range is an exaggeration IMO. Although I can appreciate where you are going with that and the point you are trying to make.

Also, another thing to consider is this, most engagements that our troops are in are within a couple hundred yards. For a civilian, or even a LEO, it is hard to imagine scenarios that would take place where you would need to use your carbine to take shots past 50 yards, little less past 100...

The likely distances for engagements make the shorter barreled rifles a no-brainer.
 
In real terms m193 needs 2700fps+ to reliably fragment which is the main wounding effect of this round.
For most of us the discussion of fmj military rounds isn't all that relevant because we aren't required to use them since we aren't in the military. We have better options available to us like jsp's and otm's. Your ballistic enthusiasm is commendable but you'll find even big terminal ballistics guys like Dr. Roberts see the value of the shorter barreled rifles, even in 5.56. Most of us here aren't going to be restricted to military ammo and even 100 yards is probably a longer distance than we'd ever imagine having to use our gun defensively. For us, we can sacrifice a little velocity.
 
Love my 14.5", and have a 16" and 20". The 14.5" gets the range time.

You won't notice an accuracy difference between the 16 and 14.5.

My criteria is if you plan on free floating or putting on a 1 piece rail or real muzzle brake, get the 16. Otherwise, there's NOTHING that a 16" will do that the 14.5" won't except maybe until you start getting into extremes and then most will not notice. Personally I think that last "except" part is BS but it is my disclaimer.
 
Zak Smith said:
On the contrary:

Quote:
Numerous articles and Internet rumors have suggested that the SPC designation means 6.8 is good only for Close Quarters Battle (CQB), but not distant targets. This is incorrect, and contrary to the intent of the project and capabilities of the cartridge. The SPC designation was assigned based on the intended integration into the Mk12 Special Purpose Rifle (SPR). The SPC was designed from the round up to provide increased energy, barrier penetration, and incapacitation from the Mk12 SPR, from contact distance to 500 meters

What are you talking about? The SPR has an 18 inch barrel, two inches shorter than the 20 inch. I never said anything about it being designed for short range, the cartridge was designed for shorter barrels than a standard M-16.

RockyMtnTactical said:
The fragmenting effects of XM193 and the like are great, but they are no substitute for proper shot placement. Shot placement is infinitely more important than the fragmenting, and you can still kill people very dead without the fragmenting effect.

So, to say that you are losing 30% of your effective range is an exaggeration IMO. Although I can appreciate where you are going with that and the point you are trying to make.

Also, another thing to consider is this, most engagements that our troops are in are within a couple hundred yards. For a civilian, or even a LEO, it is hard to imagine scenarios that would take place where you would need to use your carbine to take shots past 50 yards, little less past 100...

You make some good points.

I agree wholeheartedly with shot placement trumping bullet effects. An icepick to a vital is much more lethal than a shotgun blast to the pinky toe. You will still get a tumble effect from the bullet beyond frag range. Perhaps a better way to have phrased that is maximum "most effective" range.

As far as engagement ranges go it doesn't make sense to engage if you can't or haven't identified a threat. First you have to actually be able to see the badguy and in the woods or the city you might only have 25 or 50 yards of visibility. On top of that you have to also know that person really is a badguy which means some communication of intent. As range increases that can become more difficult. I mean really, is some housebreaker going to start sneering and giving you the middle finger from 500 yards away? Not very likely and even if he was you'd have to have line of sight on him and most likely be looking through some bins or something to be sure he wasn't smiling and waving.

Of course nothing is black and white either. If you live on a large piece of land in the country as I do then you may very well have several hundred yards of visibility and the need to be able to control it versus man and animals. In the city you can see as far as the other side of the street which probably isn't very far at all. Unless there's a big parking lot, a park or something else. Across isn't the only direction on a street either you can also look down it. Then it could be as far as the horizon or a near as the end of the block.

Then you have the badguy himself. While he might not be sneering and giving you the finger there might be something else to tip you off. Maybe you know who it is and what they're after from a previous encounter. Maybe it's pretty obvious they don't belong. My driveway is about 200 yards long, located well outside town on a very obscure one lane dirt trail. If a ghetto fabulous gangsta mobile starts pulling in then odds are it ain't the Jehova's witnesses and it ain't friendly. This is especially the case if a storm has knocked out power and ordinary civil services. I'm not saying shoot them all and let God sort them out but you probably do want a display of force and you darn well better be able to back it up if you have to. Or in another case a stray dog heading for my livestock needs to be stopped before it does any dammage even if it is far away. Or wild pigs in my garden.

Every situation will have its own unique characteristics but in general I think it's best to have everything covered from 200 yards in at least. Otherwise yes, you can usually expect anything that's going to happen to happen very close up. The picture doesn't look much different for hunting in most areas either.

Offensive purposes make longer ranges more likely and maybe even more desirable. Right now the way things are where I live offensive use is not much of a concern. The other side to that is if things always were and always would be just the same as they are now I never would have needed and never will need any defensive weapons at all.

There's nothing magically special about America that insulates it from problems other countries have. Political, economic and demographic trends all suggest these are the good old days and there's no telling what one can expect in the future. As civil order breaks down it might become preferable to take the fight to the badguys rather than wait for some MS 13 weirdos to turn your loved ones into dog meat just because they feel like it. In some areas this is already or very nearly truth even if it isn't the practice. If you are 70, 60 or maybe even 50 and live in a very calm part of the country then chances are you'll never have to be concerned about this. If you are 40 or under it is prudent to at least give it some thought because there is a real possibility that is a future you might face.

The likely distances for engagements make the shorter barreled rifles a no-brainer.

That's the other part of my argument. I don't feel the AR is well designed for this particular application. The cartridge isn't intended for short barrels and doesn't do its best out of them but it's ok and it's even fairly easy to switch calibers. You are still faced with your recoil spring being mounted in the buttstock which limits how short a stock you can have and eliminates the possibility of a folding stock. Sure, you can change that too if you have a whole lot of money to drop on specialized upgrades and it'd probably be fine but I'm not sure that makes sense when there are other platforms better designed for that application that cost less.

Now I'm pretty far off topic. Between the two the 16 inch barrel will get you further down the road than the 14.5 in pretty much any respect imo.
 
What are you talking about? The SPR has an 18 inch barrel, two inches shorter than the 20 inch.
For practical purposes, 18 is virtually identical to 20". And in the context of possible barrels lengths (roughly 7" up to let's say 20"), 18" would hardly qualify for "designed for short".

That was why I posted the ballistic difference between a 20" and an 14.5" M4-- there is no practical difference.


-z
 
Another thing to consider is that we obsess about velocity at range because 5.56 NATO FMJ is velocity-dependent for some of its terminal effects. However, unless you're in uniform and fighting for Uncle Sam, YOU ARE NOT LIMITED TO BALL AMMO. I don't know what sort of effect the loss of FPS due to shorter barrels has on a ballistic tip round, but I'm going to guess "nowhere near enough to save the target" if the shot placement was good. ;)

Mike
 
um, yeah, so is there even such a classification as SBR in Canada, or is it like the UK where a rifle is just basically a rifle ?

If there isn't and you can get any old length, I'd go with the 14 1/2" if only to post pics here to one-up your American rifle shooting bretheran. Especially the New Yorkans and Californians....
 
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