1911 Lovers
Howdy alduro, and welcome to "Leventh Heaven...
A few myths are around about the reliability of the 1911 variants that are shorter than the original design. Some are based on fact, others on
personal experience or opinion.
Generally speaking, Commander-length is about as short as you can go
and still have a good chance of functional reliability...straight out of the box.
The Defender/Officer's Model class of pistols can be made reliable, but they can be a pain in the arse sometimes before they get there, and your chances of getting one that is good from Jump Street are less than with a
longer slide. The farther from original design parameters you get, the more likely you are to have problems.
Like Fuff pointed out, the problems are mostly related to the reduced slide mass and the heavy recoil springs that are used to try to make up for it.
There is a point at which slide velocity gets so fast that other areas of the gun just can't keep up...and that's where most of the problems start.
Timing. Timing.
Ammunition sensitivity is noted, but not so much because of bullet shape
or design...it's more closely related to the timing and the pressure curve of the powders that are used in some cartridges. The longer pistols can compensate for a pretty wide variation in ammunition...but the faster cycle of the chopped pistols just doesn't provide a lot of wiggle room.
Light, high-velocity bullets particularly give problems...even though many people will opt for this ammo in order to compensate for the lost velocity
in the shorter barrels...and this often tends to aggravate the functional
issues. Simply put...the 1911, being recoil operated, requires a certain amount of bullet dwell time in the barrel in order to allow the slide to gain
enough momentum to complete the recoil cycle. If the bullet exits before this momentum can be obtained, the slide short-cycles...even with the reduced slide mass/weight. An aggravating factor is the heavy recoil springs that are usually found in these pistols. If recoil spring rate is reduced without other changes to allow full cycle, the frame takes a beating, (if the pistol is shot very much) and the slide often can't build enough momentum on the return to battery to reliably chamber the next round. This often makes it necessary to tune the gun to a specific type of ammunition.
Since the little guns first hit the public market, they've become popular with the people who want to carry a 1911, but don't want the weight and bulk of a full-sized gun. Thus it is that I've come to tinker with a lot of 'em...and have learned a few tricks that MOST of'em will readily respond to. Some of'em, however, have driven me nearly over the edge, and whenever I
get one with functional problems, I tend to approach it as a law unto itself.
The best advice that I can offer is to forget the +P screamers with 185-grain bullets and stick with 230-grain bullets in these pistols. While some seem to do fine with the high-performance ammo...most don't...at least not without keepin' a bottle of Excedrin and a few nerve pills handy. Bullet expansion is "iffy" at best, so accept up front that the chances are about 50/50 that the bullet won't expand to any useful degree. Even though some of these little blasters are amazingly accurate, it's not really a prime consideration. Stick with the ammo that the gun will run reliably with...and practice at the ranges that a defensive pistol will most likely be used.
They're not target pistols, and were never intended to be. They were designed to be portable, last-ditch defensive tools for those sudden UTYAIA
events, and most likely will be deployed at powder-burn ranges. It's easy to be obsessed with 25-yard accuracy so the lads at the local indoor range will be duly impressed...but that can drive you insane trying to find the most accurate ammunition AND life-saving reliability. When faced with the choice...ALWAYS opt for reliability. You can always get a target pistol for the range. You can't get an ambulance fast enough if your pistol jams
when you need for it work right now.
'Nuff said...
Luck!
Tuner