OK, one example, Federal HST 230gr standard pressure (I didn't cherry pick the round. I didn't look at the other numbers, there may be a greater advantage to those rounds, but 230 gr standard pressure is what I typically use in a .45 Auto. Feel free to choose some other round to compare.)
http://www.ballisticsbytheinch.com/45auto2.html
5" barrel - 896 fps
12" barrel - 924 fps
18" barrel - 926 fps
Looks like you can pick up 30 fps by tripling your barrel length.
Presuming that's slide & barrel, then the critical dimensions are the barrel link and the fit to the frame rails.I have been looking at a complete upper slide