40 SW Better Stopper than 44 mag?

Status
Not open for further replies.

munk

Member
Joined
May 12, 2003
Messages
539
Location
Montana
Yep. That's the discussion. A man I like and respect believes so much in the 40 that the 41 and 44 mags just aren't as good at stopping bad guys. Guess why? Because all that extra power just zips through and is wasted.

I feel a little like the bureacrat who just lowered the LA Police Academy training wall so the female applicants could climb it. Just don't tell me the wall is as high.

Anyone here ever shot a deer with a 210 gr Hornady 41? Busted ribs on one side, destroyed the lungs and several organs, severed the spinal column and busted ribs on the other side before 'zipping through' and 'wasting' all that energy and bullet weight.

Personally, I like many cartridges and handguns. I like semi autos though I favor the revolver. All will do the job. But if you're asking about ultimate, hands to the ground performance?

Saying the 40 SW is a better stopper than a properly loaded 44 mag is like saying don't fear the 50 Browning because it'll 'zip right through'.

The 40 is the latest incarnation of self defense and police philosophy. It is not new. A wonderful approach; moderate velocities, large diameter, controlled expansion round will do the job. Current practise with controlled expansion rounds makes it rely upon the energy dump to do it's job. We first saw the anemic 38 Special rejuvenated by modern bullet construction. Police cannot afford the litigation and stiff recoil of a mag round penetrating Bad Guy and flying across the street through another wall or two. That does not mean that a modern big bore magnum round will not kill better than a 40 SW.

It does not have to rely upon 'energy dump' to do it's job. It has energy to spare- twice as much. And it has a better chance at a permenant wound cavity and CNS hit. You could view the departing projectile as a 'waste' of energy, but that would be to ignore the more violent and destructive path it took breaking through, where it had much more energy to impart.

All things being equal, a properly loaded big bore mag cartridge can exceed the destructive power of a 40 SW any day.

Is it the right tool for the job? It may not be for a modern City Police force, but for a home owner, especially one living in the country as I do, it is often a better choice.

I say all this with just a touch of sadness. I never thought it my task to defend the laws of physics from revisionism. I've carried semi wad cutters, hard cast, HP's, Hydra shocks and the like, in revolvers and 1911's for over 20 years and never felt inadequate. I would feel fine with a 40 SW. But I've seen fads and 'current thinking' change, come and go over the years.

That the 40 is a marvelous cartridge could not be denied. That does not make it 'best' or even the ultimate in final terminal performance. There is no deader than dead. But we are talking about probabilities. I'll take my chances with more bullet weight, more velocity, and much more power. That this would not be my choice living in a Condo in Florida does not mean the 40 SW is better.


munk
 
it's an apples to oranges question anyway... Since the .40s&W is an auto cartridge whereas the .41 and .44 are revolver cartridges...

Law enforcement also would rather have more rounds available (since the vast majority of them don't practice much) than the "ultimate" stop...

.40 will do it's job if it is placed corectly, just like most cartridges...
 
We are talking about ultimate, final terminal performance. The delivery platform does not matter for this question.

I'm not concerned the 40 can't do the job. It can. But it is not the equal in destructive potential as a larger cased mag round with a heavier bullet. Pick any loading in the 40 SW, and let me load the 44 or 41 mag round, and I can dwarf the 40 every time. It is simply not in the cards to do otherwise.


munk
 
My viewpoint is that well-designed autopistol rounds of duty caliber are every bit the defensive equal of heavy-weight revolver cast or "controlled expansion" rounds at moderate velocity, which friend munk espouses. I entirely believe that a single round of light-for-caliber, rapidly expanding and/or fragmenting ammunition, driven to very high velocities, is much more destructive than any autopistol round.

Gelatin tests, anyone? I'm certain there have to be .41 or .44 gel tests out there, I just haven't found them yet.

John
 
I entirely believe that a single round of light-for-caliber, rapidly expanding and/or fragmenting ammunition, driven to very high velocities, is much more destructive than any autopistol round.

Well, yes, you are correct. If tissue destruction is your goal, the lightweight, high velocity, fragmenting or rapidly expanding bullets are a good choice. However, if turning off the central nervous system of a determined attacker is what you had in mind, a bullet which retains it's weight and penetrates deeply enough to reach vital organs is what's called for.

Shooting a 135 lb man who is squarely facing you, doesn't take deep penetration. However, a 300 lb individual, or a smaller person who is standing sideways, crouched or any number of positions, will require more than the 4-9 inches of penetration given by most of the whizz bang rounds.

But if all you're looking for is an ugly crater type wound, that will really hurt, and need lots of reconstructive surgery, go for Glaser, etc. Just make sure your target can't shoot back, or reach you, cause he's gonna be really pissed........ :uhoh:
 
No disagreement. Here's what I had to say originally (note what I say about angles, etc):
with many rounds, the practical effects of the .40 or the .41 will probably be so close on limited-depth wounds as to be indistinguishable. With some loads, at some angles, the .40 should be superior. Yup. Superior...a much stronger .41 load, with cast or heavily constructed bullets, could be most of the way through me on the typical facing the shooter profile before expansion started. OTOH, a 135-grain .40 would be almost guaranteed to give me an even worse day, from virtually any shot. No, it's no magic bullet- don't exist- but it is a fast, fragmenting/expanding load.

Anyway, my whole point of making this thread was to point out that all that extra energy from a big wheelgun is wasted for defensive usage if you don't have a bullet designed for the job. Yeah, it'll blow through the target, yeehaw- but if that's all you wanted, you coulda done that with a .45 ACP, cheaper and quicker...


Anyway, does anyone have links to gel in .41 of .44, especially semi-wad cutter or hard cast? I believe these are demonstrably less suited for defensive usage than a correctly designed and driven .40 S&W or .45 ACP JHP.

John
 
If you want the biggest baddest round, then neither the 41 or 44mag should be in the discussion... They are neither the biggest nor the baddest (meaning tissue destruction)

And delivery system makes a huge difference especially when you're talking a self defense handgun. Many factors go into choosing a defensive weapon, as well as a law enforcement weapon. If you must have the baddest round, you give up capacity and concealability... It is clear that a magnum round in 41, or larger can do more damage in one shot. But if you only have 5 of those and miss once, then don't hit in a vital area with the second... and you have multiple attackers... you'll be in a heap of trouble...

the .40s&w is a compromise round, it was designed as such... The highest "magnum" revolver cartridge it should be compared to is the .357mag as bullet weights and velocities are comparable (155gr @1200fps)
 
From DocGKR-

The answers are in the referenced threads above:


quote:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The load with the clearly SUPERIOR performance in both the handgun and carbine was the Hornady 300 gr XTP, with 20+ inches of penetration, consistent expansion in excess of 0.70” and superb weight retention. Unfortunately, I do not currently have time to type out the complete results, but here are a few random comments--the Hornady 240 gr and 180 gr loadings also performed well, the Remington 275 gr Core-Lokt was a good overall performer, the Remington 180 gr and Winchester 210 gr Silvertip loads had excessive muzzle flash, the Hydrashok fragmented badly, the Silvertip did well in the revolver and not the carbine, the Gold Dot did well in the carbine and not the revolver, the Cast Core has VERY deep penetration, but no expansion,

Bottom line—BEST overall .44 Magnum load is the Hornady 300 gr XTP.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

In this situation, chronograph data is irrelevant without corresponding information on bullet terminal performance.

As I already stated, the Hornady XTP's performed very well in a .44 Mag carbine, as did a couple of other loads--pick whichever loading you and your carbine like and be aware of what is behind your target, as most .44 Mag bullets have the potential to exit the target.

At the bottom, was this picture.

http://members.aol.com/_ht_a/docgkr/myhomepage/44mag.jpg

IMO, the .44 magnum is just like a deep penetrating .45ACP. It expands to over .70 most of the time, while penetrating as deep as 20+ inches. Not to mention the velocity is higher, and as seen in the photo, there is fragmentation.

If you are comparing a .40S&W with an aggressivly expanding bullet to a .44 magnum with a 300 grain hardcast SWC or WC at around 1200 FPS, the .40S&W is most likely going to do the most damage. However, comparing a good 240 grain JHP or JSP at approx 1500+ FPS to the same .40S&W load, the .44 will win hands down.

Like Elmer mentioned, it isnt always about "energy transfer" and explosive frangible ammunition. Any bullet, to be effective IMO, must penetrate deep enough to hit all vital organs ahead of it. I would take a smaller hole through the heart and spine rather than a gaping hole in the arm and a few fragments making it to the chest.
 
The "wasted energy" thing kind of gets me. Most HD guru's advocate 00 Buckshot. Does this mean that if a BG gets hit by 80% of your pattern you've wasted 20%? No it means you've most likely got a dead BG. There are militaries of countless countries ( including our own ) that have 9mm sidearms. These are designed for the up close work the thread is about. Seems to me that the militaries of the world have killed an awful lot of people with a round that gets a bad rap for over penetration and lacking knockdown power. Using the .44Mag or the 41Mag for personal defense ( against people ) is similar to using a deer rifle for war. Yes it will kill, deer are often bigger than people, yes there are more effiicient ways of getting it done. You still need to be aware of what is beyond your target. Plus as an arguement for the middle ground, it's not like people regularly get shot with a sub par cartridge and continue to pose a threat. And as memory serves, most handguns are more than single shots so if one doesn't get it done...
 
If you are comparing a .40S&W with an aggressivly expanding bullet to a .44 magnum with a 300 grain hardcast SWC or WC at around 1200 FPS, the .40S&W is most likely going to do the most damage

That's exactly what I'm saying. I fully believe a magnum round, pushed at pretty good velocity, and designed to expand, will do more damage than a less powerful round; I have never contended otherwise. What I have NOT said, is that just because we call a pistol a magnum, does "modest velocities, fairly heavy for calibre projectiles, and as large diameter projectiles as possible" = more effective. By that thinking, a .45 Colt at little more than walking speed should be emminently more effective than a 5.56x45mm.

I'll take the rifle round, thank you. I have never said "Less Equals More. Weakness is Strength! Weaker rounds kill better than stronger rounds". If one cares to trumpet the additional "stopping power" of a magnum round when compared to an auto round for self-defense, it seems to make at least a little sense to use bullets designed for light bipeds, not hunting rounds, and if you're only pushing said rounds at "modest velocities", where, oh where is this additional "stopping power"? I mean, after all, "you have to hit the target 3 or 4 times instead of once [if using an auto instead of a revolver]!"

Glock, I would like to see a picture of the wound profile of the .44 or .41, especially bullets designed to expand little or none, which is exactly the rounds munk is referencing. I still hold by my original statement, which indicated at SOME ANGLES, a good .40 (or, for that matter, other well-designed duty round) would be more effective than such a round.



John
 
And what I'm saying is if you do not handicap the larger big bores with antiquated bullet designs, but give me a modern controlled expansion round like the Hornady XTP's, no 40 SW in any loading will be the equal.

even if you could load up the 40 SW to revolver SAAMI pressures, it does not have the case capacity or bullet weight range to compete in an ultimate shot for shot comparison with the larger big bores.

Semi auto rounds are a wonderful compromise between power and capacity. They are marvels. But a large revolver where one is not worried about penetrating into a neighbor's bedroom is on another level of destruction entirely.

Why did our military want to go to a heavier, larger diameter round than the 223?

Would you rather be struck by a 41 or 44 mag loaded with hornady's or a 40 SW in any loading?

People live through being shot by the 40 SW. I can take off a limb with a 44 or 41, just imagine a chest cavity shot. If you live you'll be using someone's transplanted heart and be excreting into a bag.


munk
 
I agree with munk. The idea of the .44 mag not using all it's energy came from old style bullets but to tell the truth I've never really believed it. With the right expanding bullets of today there's no comparison between the two when shooting a man target.
 
The load with the clearly SUPERIOR performance in both the handgun and carbine was the Hornady 300 gr XTP, with 20+ inches of penetration, consistent expansion in excess of 0.70”

Not sure in what context Gary Roberts what writing this in, but there are .45 loads today that will give in excess of 0.90" expansion with adaquate penetration. The 20" penetration would be great for large animals, but probably more than is normally neccessary for people.

"Energy Dump" with pistol bullets is just that..... a dump...............as in "take a dump".....
 
Elmer- Im not 100 percent sure either, although I think he is refering to the reliabilty and consistancy in both guns.

Im not sure what .45 loads you are talking about, but if you are refering to DT ammo, Mike Mcnett measures the largest diameter of the bullet, when the most accepted measurements are the average of the smallest and largest diameter (which I believe is what Gary reported).
 
John- I agree, a good .40 bullet would probably be a better choice at some angles than a hardcast SWC or WC .44 magnum. I wasnt arguing that. I was simply saying that a personaly defense .44 magnum would outperform it in every way.

Munk- Despite having more power than most rounds, the .44 is still a handgun, and doesnt leave as devastating wounds as most believe. Like all handgun bullets, it pokes a hole in and pokes another out. Its can be slightly larger than others, but is mostly just a scaled up auto pistol bullet.
 
Funny, when I am hunting 250-300lb Whitetails, don't tell me to use .40S&W over a .44Mag. I'll laugh. ;)

The mere experience of bodily shock from getting hit with the .44Mag can kill you.
 
well all know that the most powerful, best , most extreme, uber tactical round is the .32 acp from extreme shock. It will drop a bull elephant in a full run.

just look at this from their site

It's a new war, and our nations best warriors now carry the world's most devastating ammunition! As we entrust the de-fense of our freedom in our finest professionals, they now carry an advantage beyond their own heroism! Over ten years in co-development with Special Operations Groups and Federal Law Enforcement, the new ExtremeShock™ Explosive Entry tactical defense rounds represent the ultimate refinement in lethal bullet technology. The compressed Tungsten-NyTrilium™ Composite fragments upon impact, leaving a wound channel of catastrophic proportions. The expansive fragmentation characteristics of the ExtremeShock rounds transfer the bullets energy in a far faster time span than conventional hollowpoints. The resulting stopping power is utterly devastating. E-Shock rounds are engineered to expend maximum energy into soft targets, turning the density mass into an expanding rotational cone of NyTrilium matrix particles, causing neurological collapse to the central nervous system.

extremeshock.jpg
 
The "energy dump" argument makes as much sense as claiming victory over a brick wall because your hand busted up before the bricks did. Hey! You didn't waste any of your energy on the other side of the wall!
 
I am saying that a round designed to expand will tend to expand better than one designed NOT to expand, or designed to expand marginally. If the bullet begins to expand as soon as it hits, there should be a larger area affected.

munk says he likes heavy rounds at moderate velocities. That's fine; they make great hunting rounds. I think they aren't as effective for self-defense as bullets designed for personal defense, even if fired by a platform with more inherent energy potential.

 
I'm not really sure you are gaining as much with the .44 as you think--not necessarily because the .44 isn't good, but because as whole, you're probably underestimating the effectiveness of the .40 S&W as an anti-personnel round.

To cast the argment in a different light, one could convincingly (and using the same rationale) build a case that the .300 Win Mag is more effective in an anti-personnel role than the .30-06, but when we get right down to the brass tacks, is it really that much more effective?

I know as an anti-personnel/LE/defence round, the .40 S&W is better suited than the .44 Magnum when look at the big picture including weapon size, weight, shootability, capacity, etc. Is the .44 more effective? Probably. Do really gain that much? Probably not. Is the gain worth it in terms of weapon size, recoil and loss of speed (in both presentation and follow-up shots)? Probably not.
 
As was mentioned in a previous thread....

Sometime you might need to shoot through heavy clothes or car windshields even. I'll take better penetration with a bug for close quarters bystander safety. ;)
 
I can't believe there's even an argument on this point. A JHP .44 Magnum will hit with upwards of 800 ft. lbs. from a revolver. It's already wider by a notch than the .40 and is starting out with about 400 ft. lbs MORE energy than the .40. It's a smaller bullet with HALF the energy of the .44 Magnum. The magnum round, even if it only expands partially, is going to rip the holy bejesus out of a man's chest. Lots of folks here have seen what it does to medium size game, and a man isn't much different form an upright pig (some in more ways than others).

The .30'06/.300 Win Mag comparison is bogus. The .30'06 can itself be loaded to .300 Win Mag levels. The cartridges are very close in a ballistic sense. A better comparison would be between the stopping power of a .30'06 and a nitro express.

You hit a man once in the chest with a .44 Magnum JHP and he's not going to be a threat. There's no way to make that guarantee with a .40 S&W. The two cartridges aren't even in the same class. The .44 Magnum is an awesome magnum, while the .40 S&W is a 10mm for people who can't take the recoil :D
 
The .30'06/.300 Win Mag comparison is bogus. The .30'06 can itself be loaded to .300 Win Mag levels.
OK, .30-30 and .300 Win Mag. Same principal--both a fully capable of doing the job.
You hit a man once in the chest with a .44 Magnum JHP and he's not going to be a threat.
There's no way you can guarantee that with a .30-06--much less a .44 Magnum.
 
Status
Not open for further replies.
Back
Top