Applying Bernoulli's principle to firearms...

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This is going to sound a little off topic but bare with me and you see where I'm going with this.

*We had four engineering professors (one a fluid-dynamics specialist) overseeing our work*

So, just before the last semester rolled to an end me and my first year engineering team built a little project... and enhanced vacuum cannon. The local news did a bad job of reporting it even though we were the ones who did the foot work to even get them to show up (our PR department sucks.)
Anyways, the system works like this... two 5 foot lengths of PVC, one Schedule 8 (3 inch) the second schedule 40 (1 1/2 inch.) Between the two is a Converging-Diverging nozzle that reduces the three inch pipe down to roughly a half inch then opens back up to an inch and a half. Between the nozzle and the 3 inch pipe is a screw connection that holds a membrane (3mil laminate with two layers of duct tape.) We then drop a ping pong ball down the smaller pipe before sealing the front end with a piece of laminate. Using a vacuum pump, we reduced the pressure inside the pipe as far as we could before slowly increasing the pressure in the larger pipe. At around 40 psi the membrane would burst. The air would then rush through the CD nozzle, experience a simultaneous drop in pressure and increase in velocity (as well as an incredible yet immeasurable drop in in temperature) and accelerated a ping pong ball to roughly mach 1.2 (let's see the Chinese return that serve.) About 2/3 of the way down the barrel air would leak around the ball, pressure would exceed 1 atmosphere and our seal would fly off. By the time the Ping pong ball left the barrel it was going between mach 0.9 and 0.7. within six inches it drops to mach 0.5. This is still fast enough to do impressive damage.

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When we turned half an apple into mist (not sauce, mist... the rest was mash wrapped in skin) I thought "what could we do with a real gun?" After a few weeks mulling it over I've come to discount it's practical use as a means of acceleration (mostly the result of an evacuated barrel rather than the C-D nozzle.) However a variation of the design can be used to drag outside air or water through the nozzle. So believe it could be used in place of a flash suppressor as a means of cooling the barrel and gasses prior to atmospheric release. The main issue is that this system benefits from scale, the bigger you go the better it works.

Has anyone tried this or know of anyone who has?
 
Want to thank you for your interest in science. This country has been only glorifying knuckle heads lately.

Just off the top of my head, as you've noticed, scale will be the issue since Bernoulli's Equation is just conservation of energy. And creating the initial potential energy with readily available fluids is hard.

Not sure about suppression without a way to control the direction of gas flow. In the sense that however cool air enters the system, hot air at higher pressure would exit instead.

But your concept is sound. One aspect of suppressor design provides a volume for gasses to expand into, thereby cooling. Since temperature is just a measure of the kinetic energy of gas particles, lower temperatures implies slower moving gas molecules.

Thanks for sharing.
 
I've always found the Bernoulli Principal (and it's close relative the Venturi Effect) to be fascinating. It's what keeps airplanes in the sky and let's you freeze fruit with steam (seriously, they did this with the old steam trains. That was our original goal as we were asked to do so by our professor. Then we did some research and realized his rule of thumb was wrong and that we couldn't do it with what we had available.) It sounds so contradictory to think that you can increase speed while dropping temperature and pressure because we think in terms of adding energy rather than converting it.
 
Interesting, could it be applied to water to form a hypercavitation (you would have to use something like a throwing spike as the projectile) gun, that had some range, and check out the Russian underwater guns, which are basically piston driven.
 
Use the vacuum cannon to launch a projectile under water in excess of the speed of sound? You'd need to evacuate the barrel which could be problematic... and a source of gas... the projectile would almost have to be made form steel to survive impacting the water as it left the barrel. All in all the gun would be easy to build (exact same as we created only a little stiffer and a sabot) it just wouldn't be practical... Or do you have something else in mind? I've often wondered if the tech could be used with Triethylaluminium (TEA) to make an underwater rocket that didn't need an oxidizer. Have a one way valve then a chamber where the TEA is added to the water. TEA ignites and turns the water to steam, send the steam out a C-D nozzle. It would pulse, but my professors think it could work. (When I presented the idea the first response was "I want one.") come to think of it that might be how you could launch your spike.
 
Loooong visual

On my Gerbil powered 'puter, the print message of the post went way off the screen.

How can I reduce the length of the sentence/image w/o reducing the size of the alpha/numeric lettered keystrokes?

Thanks,

salty
 
I've always found the Bernoulli Principal (and it's close relative the Venturi Effect) to be fascinating.
Yep. The wing is one side of the Venturi tube, the other side is air pressure. Bernoulli is why airplanes fly.


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My friends and I built a vacuum cannon in high school. It wasn't quite as advanced, but still made a loud boom and would put a ping pong ball through 3 empty soda cans. We did not throat down the barrel, just left it the same diameter the entire length, and as such I think our velocities suffered...we were only ever able to hit about 400 mph...
 
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