Our concern about the gun issue makes us sensitive to the political rights of the minority. I can understand that. However, the continual frustration of the wishes of the
majority leads to long-term instability. The very legitimacy of the system is called into question. That is how you get revolutions. Democracy is the ultimate safety valve.
Let's put aside the gun issue for the moment and think about how the system can be made more democratic. Ideally, the Senate should be abolished entirely, because at its core it's undemocratic. Failing that, it could be made powerless, like the current British House of Lords. Or at least remove the filibuster rule, that lets 41 senators block most legislation. (This could be done by a simple rules change.)
The Electoral College system of selecting the President is also undemocratic. Go to a national popular vote. Heck, a constitutional amendment is not even needed.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Popular_Vote_Interstate_Compact
And we need to think about the very concept of "states." The idea that they are sovereign entities is largely a fiction. In reality, they are glorified administrative subdivisions. (This is not what they were at the Founding, but history has progressed a lot since then.) Large states should be broken up, and small states consolidated. Current boundaries are totally irrational, and are the result mostly of historical accident.
One of the problems of the current state makeup is that a few urban centers often control the politics of the entire state. (That's why Illinois, New York, etc. are "blue.") The remedy would be to make these urban centers "free cities" with their own representation, outside their states of origin. (For example, in Virginia, we have independent cities that are outside of counties. This concept could be scaled up to a national level.)
These are thought exercises. I realize that we have to work within the current system.