I think the mistake you are making with your arguments is that you are letting someone else define the premises for which you argue. In this case, you accept the government position. It is possible to construct a valid argument from a false premise.
Actually, you can't construct a valid argument from a false premise.
There are arguments from hypothetical premises, and there are arguments from established facts. If you want to argue hypotheticals, you'll get tangled up in endless bickering because hypotheticals can never be the premises for sound argument.
The 2A is unarguably a right by the power of the Constitution which expressly states it and its internal declaration that it is the Supreme Law of the nation. If you accept the Constitution, you have to accept the 2A as a right.
Likewise with the laws concerning motor vehicles by application of the very 10th Amendment you cite. By the power of the Constitution, the laws the people and their states have passed concerning cars have been established.
SCOTUS decisions do not trump the Constitution. The Supremes can say it says this or that, but their decisions don't change what it actually says. As in Dred-Scott, another SCOTUS can come along and say "we (meaning the SCOTUS) were wrong in that decision." Every decision the SCOTUS makes is considered anew in light of the Constitution, and it is the only court that is not bound by
stare decisis, even its own decisions.
You and I can make up rules for a perfect world and argue from them, but that's a waste of time.