Energy Dump - A Self-Defining Term

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Also, we sometimes argue from the position that we're going to be shooting a PCP zombie or BG with hyper-adrenalized rage who won't be stopped by anything short of massive CNS or circulatory shut-down. In fact, a lot of shootings are of BG's who are cold, calculating predators. If they get shot, and it hurts badly enough, they go, "Crap! That hurts. I quit! Don't do that again."

Or, I could be whistling Dixie.

K
 
Soybomb wrote:
Why is a gun fighter qualified to tell me what round is a good stopper?

Because a gun fighter actually shoots people, he’s there when others get shot, sees the product “field tested”, shall we say. Your doctors speculate on what happened afterwards.
That’s precisely why the LAST word on weather a round works or not comes from the police officers, soldiers and civilians that actually get to use it. I explained this before, why is it so hard for you to understand? It’s a simple enough concept, testing a product.

We need to look at a sample of a large number of victims and look at the variables that were involved in the shooting. How many guys do you think a person would have to shoot before he could speak with authority on what works and what doesn't?

You’d be surprised. In a place like this it’s hard to tell how many people get shot. Gabe Suarez talked to some police officers here that have been in over 50 gunfights. It’s not uncommon to hear about a cop dumping a body in the river just to avoid paper work, or throwing the corpse in someone’s else jurisdiction to avoid the troubles too, kind of a local prank/joke here in the Southern suburbs of Buenos Aires, places like Dock Sud where bad guys open carry around the street as it were the far west, even though illegal. Civilians getting involved in shootings is also pretty common.
I don’t base myself on one or two cases or shooters, I take into account many before I form an opinion.
The example I gave you about the efficiency of 45 ACP FMJ is a good example. When you collect over a dozen opinions by cops who remember the round’s efficiency with a smile, I know that it is pretty effective stuff, specially when I found none that told me that it didn’t work. as expected.
This seems like an attack on their character more than their work to me.

You feel that I’m attacking them because I said they shoot gelatin? Why is that a sore spot for you? That’s what some “experts” base their opinions on, and those are the “experts” I have no use for. I’m sorry if you don’t like that. There are other experts that take into account what I talked about before: facts. Sanow comes up with very interesting results for 1 shot stops. It’s really good information, as long as you understand that it’s a %, and one based on just one shot stops.

I'm saying I'm reading papers from guys with medical training to the extent of being trauma surgeons and being experts in gun shot wounds and you're saying their opinions are irrelevant because they sometimes use a tissue simulant as a way to benchmark ammunition performance?

Pretty much, yes. Specially those who use that “tissue simulant” to such an extent that they end up believing it’s the final word on ammunition efficiency. Don’t worry, I’ll really listen to them once the planet gets invaded by gelatin blocks. While I worry about people with flesh, fat, BONES, veins and arteries and organs full of liquids, organs with different kind of elasticity and a nervous system that goes through all that, I’ll keep listening to the gunfighters rather than gelatin shooters. The bone structure alone is more than enough of a factor to prove that you cant base your decision on gelatin. I take them into account, but gelatin experiments ( get over it, it’s gelatin, not “tissue simulant”:rolleyes:) are only part of the equation, and it’s never more important than on field results.

Right and these trauma surgeons and the like are telling me the energy a handgun round imparts isn't enough to cause destruction by stretching to most tissue. Why are they wrong?

:scrutiny: Because of facts that prove otherwise.
You think a 357 magnum, 124 grain JHP traveling at 1400 fps wont cause destruction when it penetrates a body, other than the permanent cavity?
A firearms instructor I trained with some time ago (he’s also a cop, police instructor, also works in governmental VIP protection) told me about this shooting he was involved in, where a suspect was shot in the side of the head with a 357 magnum , the projectile generated enough pressure that the eyeballs came out of their sockets, one eye came completely detached.
Someone here on the internet in another forum said something similar, about an eye getting popped out because of a head shot. I don’t trust much what I read here but it’s pretty similar to what Baigorria ( the instructor) talked about.
I don’t think I’ll change your opinion, any more than I can convince someone that thinks that only a CNS ( brain or spine shot) or blood loss stops a man, is wrong.

We've been through a huge list of ballistics experts and the peer reviewed work that says "hydraulic shock" and the idea of termporary cavitation from handguns being a factor in stopping attackers is bunk and outside of inelastic organs like the liver and brain isn't going be severe enough to destroy tissue. Where are the papers that refute this and show me the dissenting opinion you're presenting is actually true?

You are obsessed with destroying tissue. :) The nerves that connect the eyeballs to the head are neither brain nor liver and they got damaged enough. Don’t be so obsessed with destroying tissue, there’s so much more to stopping power than that.
How do you know a "terrible pain wave shocked" him into almost losing consciousness?

Because I saw how be dropped like a corpse and stayed there without moving. I told you it was caught on camera.

Is the shock from pain? Is it from energy dump?

Probably both, either way it was NOT penetration or tissue destruction, was it?
Does energy dump cause the pain?

Yes, it does.
What about the people who get shot with a .32 and quit fighting?

Who knows? A head shot, a scared person overreacting, some large nerve getting hit, a shot in the groin, liver, heart. Some people get shot with a 22 LR once and go down, others get shot with a 44 magnum and run for a block or two.

Is there any evidence this happens on a larger scale so I know the idea of getting shot wasn't all it took and he would have dropped like a sack of potatos from a .32 as well?

Yes, LTL ammo gets used a lot here in riots. The box of ammo itself says that it CAN be lethal within 10M with a direct hit, so you should always look for walls or floor to bounce the plastic pellets and avoid direct hits. Close range LTL shots are very impressive, even throwing people off balance sometimes. Again, it is not lead or handgun ammo, but it proves that energy transferred does work in both killing and even more important , stopping a person.
We're still talking about service caliber handguns here. The rules all change when we go to long arms because of the tremendous difference in energy between them and handguns. All the documentation I've posted has been around handguns and explicitly mentioned it as have I several times.

You don’t like my example because it proves that a person can be stopped, even killed without significant penetration. The energy is greater but it’s transmitted without penetrating, a JHP or big bore handgun round transmits less energy but it does so directly into the organs, along with a deep permanent wound cavity and even greater temporary cavity.

FerFAL
 
There's no reason to go to name calling or insults, I've tried very hard to post good links and well thought out responses to this thread and would appreciate that courtesy in return. Thinly veiled "you're stupid" comments don't tell me why how my body reacts to getting punched is going to be anything like it reacts to getting shot.
No one has called anyone "stupid".
But the quote below really explains things abit....
To me thats trying to equate the effects of the two. Alright. Stubbing my toe hurts more than cutting my face shaving. I don't see how the analogies are applicable to this. Getting shot is not at all like getting punched, they're very different types of wounds. What happens when I get punched is irrelevant to what happens when I get shot.
You seem to be hung up on the TYPE OF WOUND caused by various mechanisms of injury.
But what we are discussing is ENERGY TRANSFER (aka the energy dump).
And when someone says "Energy dump is a myth" then they are simply wrong.

Bullets in motion, billiard balls in motion, and fists in motion all must obey the same laws of physics.
When a billiard ball in motion strikes a stationary billiard ball, the ball in motion deposits its energy into the stationary ball.
When a person punches another person, he deposits the energy of his punch in to that other person.
And when a bullet in motion stikes its target, it deposits its energy into that target.
It's not a myth.

The real question is how much additional damage does that energy cause?
Some folks say the damage is insignificant, while other claim the opposite.
So to determine who's right we have to look at both controlled testing (gello test, balistics test, etc...) and real life examples (people and animals who have been shot).
Now, if one looks at the balistics of all of the various handgun calibers, one will quickly see that the most effective calibers in real life situations are the ones that deliver the most energy to the target.
That's why the ammo makers are always striving to create rounds with more energy.
That's why we have +P rounds these days, and custom hot loads....everyone is trying to wring just a few more foot pounds of energy out of the given caliber.
No one is trying to design bullets with less energy.
 
When a billiard ball in motion strikes a stationary billiard ball, the ball in motion deposits its energy into the stationary ball.
That is actually modelled by momentum, since it is motion after collision - that's all.

When a person punches another person, he deposits the energy of his punch in to that other person.
And when a bullet in motion stikes its target, it deposits its energy into that target.
Correct, but I prefer the word "transfer" instead of "deposit" for the energy exchange.
 
That is actually modelled by momentum, since it is motion after collision - that's all.
No. While momentum does affect the amount of energy generated, it is not what causes the other ball to move.
Otherwise a glancing strike would cause the same reaction as a solid hit, since the momentum is the same for both.
 
Yes, energy is transferred, but that system is modelled with momentum. Energy accelerates the other ball.

Otherwise a glancing strike would cause the same reaction as a solid hit, since the momentum is the same for both.
Glancing strikes do not transfer the same amount of momentum. Must consider angles of elastic collisions.
 
Its probably about 4-6" of penetration, why do you believe that would be sufficient?
because if the BG is 6' 150 lbs. 6" is an exit wound.and I'm not saying mag-safe or glaser are good for SD for that same reason.I was in agreement that under most circumstances its not sufficient.
 
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Now you're talking above my head.
It's simple enough ;) - let's look at the billiard ball example. Say you're hitting the cue ball toward a ball on the table, and it makes a direct hit. Assuming that they're the same mass, the cue ball will stop in place, and the the other ball will continue with the velocity the cue ball had before collision.

Now, let's say that the cue ball doesn't hit the other ball straight on, but at an angle. The cue ball doesn't stop anymore, it keeps moving, right? It only bounces off (angle of incidence = angle of reflection; same deal for the ball that just got hit). That shows that only a portion of the momentum/energy was transferred. You can get into calculating this by taking sines and cosines of the force to calculate the X and Y components (pool table is for all intents, two dimensional).
 
I figure all of the above stated "factors" cannot be discounted. Why? Because people react differently to getting shot. People don't react like animals, generally. Animals just want to either attack or get away. Humans nearly always have a psychological reaction of some sort, unless there's an interruption of the CNS or some hit from a bullet that causes the body to no longer be able to do what it was doing before the person got shot.

Since there's no exact science on psychological and emotional reactions, the physical part is what's focused on. So the question becomes which factor is the most physically damaging. The problem, as has been stated by many, is that often times, handgun cartridges don't have enough "oomph" to RELIABLY, CONSISTENTLY prove physical incapacitation, ESPECIALLY in one shot. Keep in mind that this one shot may or may not be center of mass. It could be anywhere on the body. Again, I think that no one particular physical wounding mechanism is the absolute most damaging. I think it's the combination thereof. A bullet enters the body so quickly, it's a very fast wound, which means pain can probably be either faster, and therefore less effective (in some cases)...or slower to arrive to the brain, sort of like "hey wait a minute, I just got shot...that hurt". Or perhaps a person doesn't feel too badly until they see blood. See? You can't get rid of the psychological effect no matter how hard you try. In the end, can any of the physical wounding mechanisms be ignored? No.

I think that each mechanism compliments the other. And you really can't have one without another. Despite all the technical talk (which has been both great and not-so-great), in the case of handgun cartridges (well, in most service cartridges anyway) physical wounding mechanisms are forever wedded to psychological and emotional mechanisms as well. But hey, I'm no expert. Just guessing here.

One thing I do know: whatever gets shot once by me probably gets shot at least twice. I don't care much for "one shot" situations, preferring the double tap for starters. I cut a somewhat physically imposing figure at my size. If you're attacking me, then something tells me you really need to be shot.
 
Okay, I'm with you so far, but where does the "elastic" part come in to play?
Kind of like what I was talking about with the stress-strain diagram. "Elastic" indicates both that the two bodies do not stick upon collision, but deflect, and that no energy is absorbed by plastic (permanent) deformation. Energy consumed to elastically deform the body is released again.

So, elastic = bounce, inelastic/plastic = crunch.
 
That’s precisely why the LAST word on weather a round works or not comes from the police officers, soldiers and civilians that actually get to use it. I explained this before, why is it so hard for you to understand? It’s a simple enough concept, testing a product.
now don't take this the wrong way because for the most part I agree.but if the cop shoots ten BG and 8 drop in their tracks and two continue fighting for 30 seconds. would it not be wise to ask the DR. what happened to these two and maybe take that info to the ammo maker make changes and try for 10 out of 10.
and another thought I had if a .45 fmj 230 grn at 850 fps. works good would it not be safe to say a .53 cal fmj 285 grn at 1000 fps. would work better.
I think I can come to this conclusion without any jello or people getting shot,
shoot for that matter I don't think a .53 acp exists and I know it would work to stop BGs.
 
I had a discussion once with Dr. Marvin Fackler, who autopsied thousands of men during the Viet Nam war. He said most of those killed were killed by full auto fire.

Now I have personally seen men hit multiple times by semi-auto fire -- often from different weapons. So I asked him what tests he performed to see if all the bullets that hit one man came from the same weapon.

He gave me a dirty look that got dirtier when I went on to ask, "What test did you perform to determine the selector position of the weapon?"

Dr. Fackler's data doesn't prove that most men killed were hit by full-auto fire. It does tell us that you're more likely to die if hit multiple times. Dr. Fackler had made a "Black Bomber Error."

Data from doctors is often very good -- but must be interpreted with common sense.
 
Data from doctors is often very good -- but must be interpreted with common sense.
Exactly.

A doctor can tell you that the subject was shot in the heart, but he cannot tell you how long the subject continued to fight on before falling down dead.
Only the man on the scene can tell you that.

The doctor might be able to determine the actual and technical cause of death, but he can't tell you how effective the round was at producing an immediate stop.
Again, only the man on the scene can tell you that.
 
By the way, leaving through an old copy of Handloader magazine (April 2004, number 228) I came across an interesting letter on this subject ("Energy Dump").

The writer points out when a car is crash-tested, it reacts much like a softnose or hollowpoint bullet -- it gets shorter and changes its shape on impact. But the safety experts don't say the car "dumped its energy" into the barrier. They say the design of the car "allowed it to absorb energy."

Hmmmmm -- so when the bullet is deformed (as it is designed to be) it "absorbs" energy. Hmmmmm.
 
Only the guy on the scene can tell you how long it took his opponent to stop that's true.

The problem that most of us have is that we don't know these people personally, and don't believe random people on the internet who 'debate' with rudeness instead of evidence.

I mean officers involved in over 50 gunfights? BullShnikey, Buenos Aires or not. Anyone involved in 50 gunfights is either a)Unlucky Soldier, b) VERY unlucky cop, c) deranged gunman, d) LYING.

I heard my grandpa give me unlimited crap for buying a 9mm instead of a Colt .45 (which I'd love, but can't afford). He regailed me of its ability to tear limbs off and drop a man in his tracks, and other WWII anecdotes. I don't believe this from my own grandpa, why would anyone believe the anecdotes from a faceless name on their screen?

There are people in this world that don't feel pain without chemical assistance, and then chemical assistance seems to be more and more available these days. Relying on pain to incapacitate is like relying on pepper spray to incapacitate, not smart. There is also no way whatsoever to know what the mindset of one's adversary is. How will he react to being shot? How will he react to "having the wind knocked out of him from the inside out" (assuming that's even possible)? Pain or not, wind knocked out or not, if he has a gun in his hand he can probably still pull the trigger. I know if someone shot me, I'd be trying like hell to shoot back if it was at all possible.

Yes, more energy equals more POTENTIAL damage. Yes, cavitation can have a nasty effect. Hell, even this hydrostatic stuff that is somehow different from cavitation may even come into play at times. I still think though, that unless you are limited to six shots and slow(er) releads that lots of deep holes fast is the only way to guarantee anything.

All that extra energy that MIGHT incapacitate your attacker sooner will DEFINATELY slow down your followup shots. Considering that an additional 1/4 second between shots is enough time for you be killed twice by a skilled shooter, the remote possibility of "blowing someone's eyeballs out" on the first shot seems like a bit much to hope for.

If it's multiple assailants against someone with a 6 shooter who really can't afford to hammer a single target, then I could see dealing with extra recoil over the extra time it takes to reload. But even then, your magnum rounds aren't guaranteed to do anything a 9mm wouldn't. They might, but against multiple attackers chances are you will be shot twice by the time your gun comes back on target.

I'm not saying that these other woundng mechanisms aren't real, but they don't seem to happen often enough to give up the ability to put 6 shots COM in a second to put the law of averages on your side for the guranteed instant stop. Also, if the pressure wave causes various levels of pain without a definitive starting point, won't my "weak" 9mm still hurt? Which do think hurts more, a .357 magnum wound or 2 9mm wounds?

I know several people who have been shot, but only one with a handgun. That Sheriff's Deputy was hit in the chest (pre-vest days) with a .44 magnum, and lived to tell the tale. Granted, the bullet traveled more than 100ft. and through both sides of a mobile home before it hit him, but he didn't mention anything about debilitating pain, only that he wanted to kill the woman that shot him. I'm not saying pain can't help 'stop' the fight sooner, it just seems like the tradeoffs aren't worth it if you can shoot straight and fast.
 
Yes, the deformation process absorbs energy for the bullet, just like for tissue.
And given that we all agree that most defensive handgun cartridges (even the vaunted .357 -- which I have used twice for "real") are marginal in the energy department, it follows that if KE is the killer/stopper, any energy used to deform the bullet would render them more marginal.

And hence, under the "energy dump" theory, less effective.

Yet, somehow everybody likes expanding handgun bullets and considers them (in defensive situations) more effective that bullets that don't expand.
 
Yet, somehow everybody likes expanding handgun bullets and considers them (in defensive situations) more effective that bullets that don't expand.
All I have to go on is gelatin tests, and cavities from JHP handgun rounds are significantly larger than FMJ. I'd prefer massive internal bleeding over two relatively small holes.

Assuming the FMJ goes straight through, if it has any more energy upon exit than it takes to deform the lead, JHP would take the energy lead. JHP also offers the bigger hole internally.
 
any energy used to deform the bullet would render them more marginal.
which is why bullet construction is important so less energy is used to expand the bullet leaving more energy to transfer to the target.
 
Riktoven wrote:
Only the guy on the scene can tell you how long it took his opponent to stop that's true.

The problem that most of us have is that we don't know these people personally, and don't believe random people on the internet who 'debate' with rudeness instead of evidence.

I mean officers involved in over 50 gunfights? BullShnikey, Buenos Aires or not. Anyone involved in 50 gunfights is either a)Unlucky Soldier, b) VERY unlucky cop, c) deranged gunman, d) LYING.

I heard my grandpa give me unlimited crap for buying a 9mm instead of a Colt .45 (which I'd love, but can't afford). He regailed me of its ability to tear limbs off and drop a man in his tracks, and other WWII anecdotes. I don't believe this from my own grandpa, why would anyone believe the anecdotes from a faceless name on their screen?

You can go to Gabe Suarez’s forum and ask him yourself if you don’t believe me ( I suppose you wouldn’t believe him either), I just happen to know the guy he’s talked about. Besides, being in 50 shootings is not a big deal when you consider the high crime we have here and that officers serve for over 30 years. Not a big deal at all, at least not around here OR in any 3rd world country with high crime. Rio de Janeiro? Cops in the favelas there get into gunfights all the time.
For the average cop here in some of the roughest places, shooting are something common, sometimes worse sometimes just a couple of round being fired. On occasions a lot of lead is fired over 70 rounds, and you don’t even hear about it in the news.
Here’s an interview, made in 2002, where Amadeo D'Angelo, then head of the “Bonaerense” police, the police of the suburbs of Bs. As., not the capital district, clearly confirms that the Bonaerense force engaged in 2.500 shootings with criminals the year before (2.500 shooting in 2001, just in Bs. As.). Keep in mind that those are the ones they accept participating in, file reports , etc.
http://www.clarin.com/diario/2002/04/02/s-03815.htm
Do the math, yourself: about 2.500 shooting a year x 30 years of service. How many of those shooting do you think you’ll be able to avoid considering that they all occur in Bs. As. ?
Grow up, travel more, and LEARN more before you call BS and calling me a liar…
Oh, I forgot, you don’t believe your “grandpa”….:rolleyes:

FerFAL
 
All I have to go on is gelatin tests, and cavities from JHP handgun rounds are significantly larger than FMJ. I'd prefer massive internal bleeding over two relatively small holes.
Which is my point -- it's the hole that kills. The wider and deeper the hole, the better it does it's job.
 
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