Fur & burrs...
.30-'06 lover--Burrs in the fur is the biggest objection there is to the Golden Retreiver. Generally, they are mellow, "nice" dogs. That said, they don't have the retrieving "drive" that a Lab does. And they certainly can't handle cold water or bad weather nearly as well. They'll give it a sincere try, but if they just can't find the bird, well, sorry, Boss, now please let me back under the blanket.
As to Labs being hyper, and chewing everything, well, they DO have lots of energy, and if you can't manage a walk and/or retrieving session with 'em EVERY day, they will find other outlets for that energy, whether you like it or not. As retrievers, they are bred to like having things in their mouths; this is natural and normal. They can be taught what is and isn't OK to chew, but they do need something to chew and to haul around in their mouth. And as they get past puppyhood and teenagerishness they get better about this. They laugh at any but the coldest water and any but the absolute worst weather.
No--or almost no--burrs on a Lab or on a Chessie, and those few, easily removed. But, no beautiful plume of a tail nor pretty "feathers," either.
As to a Chessie, their coat is kinda oily (and therefore can smell) and they can be a little snappish toward ear-pulling kids and toward strangers, as well as having a mind of their own regarding being trained. BTW, they have every bit as much energy as any Lab. They have even more "retrieveing drive" than a Lab, if that's possible. I would NOT get a Chessie for a house-dog where you are planning to have kids, unless you are already an experienced dog trainer, and have the time and energy to do a good, careful job of it. Chessies don't know what cold, icy water is--They were bred to ignore waves, water, and ice, to get that duck, and they'll last longer than you in the worst imaginable weather.
Now, I've been talking in generalities about the breeds. You will find aggressive Goldens, calm Labs, and mellow, Chessies if you look hard enough, but that's not what to expect from these three great breeds.
My preference would be for a Lab--they are wonderful with kids, can be taught to bark when strangers approach the house (and just let someone try to threaten one of "their" kids), are teriffic retrievers, great at upland as well as waterfowl hunting, and make very good house-dogs. But you gotta put in the training time, you just gotta. Well, that's true for any dog you might get, even a Chiuahua, if you want it to be a good family member. Or a good retriever. Or a good anything, except food receptacle.