Since both appear to be moving towards objects that could provide cover, you seem to be jumping to conclusions.
In an city/urban environment, cover is in just about any direction. In the given picture, you have the foreground and the background. The soldier firing is close-up and no cover is seen. In the background, cover pretty much spans the entire width of the image. Yes, they may be moving toward cover, but not necessarily because they are seeking cover.
Sometime back, the History Channel did a show on combat news/photographers. It is not unusual to have a staged picture where the photographer asks the soldier(s) to re-enact their performance for posterity. Maybe it is staged, maybe it is real time. The caption says the soldier is firing at an enemy position, but doesn't actually say if the enemy is there.
It does look like the bullet was captured by the camera, but I doubt it. The photographer would have to have a pretty special camera to get a stop action shot that would appear to freeze or nearly freeze the bullet in flight. Note that the supposed bullet appears to be slightly stretched. I am guessing the image shows it as about double its actual length. The bullet should be about 0.6" in real life. If seen as twice as long, then the bullet traveled about 0.6" while the picture was being made. What sort of shutter speed would be needed to do that? Assuming the bullet left the muzzle at roughly 2800 feet per second (or 33600 inches per second), you would need a shutter speed around 1/50000 to 1/52000 of a second.
Due to the fast shutter speed, the photographer would need an extremely bright light source or extremely fast film. A bright light source does not appear to be present. If it was present, then the muzzle flash would have been washed out and shadows cast behind the shooter from the flash. If the fast film was being used, then I would expect the image to be more grainy. Given the field conditions, high speed camera temperments, and cost of such cameras, I would doubt any of the war photographers have these cameras or use them in the field. Plus, there would be few, if any, where the photographers would need such camera capabilities.
