ehanger,
Looks like you and I are in the same boat. I just took my first AR out for its maiden voyage the same day you did. I put 28 rounds through mine though! Anyway, I'm new to AR's but not guns in general. All I have to go by is prior experience with pistols and shotguns, what i find on youtube, and scouring this site and a couple others to see what everyone else is doing. Last night I finally got around to cleaning it. It was interesting to see how much was left behind from those few rounds. I didn't lube it or do anything to it before hand, though now after reading more I understand I need to lube it properly. Anyway a thin black film was on everything. I doubt any harm/rust would have developed if I wouldn't have cleaned it. Seems like a lot of people are dumping a bunch of ammo through theirs without any problems. From my experiences with other firearms I think its more beneficial to clean it often so I know, how it works, what "normal" looks like, and how to take it apart. So to answer your question a little better...all I did was take out the charging handle, took the bolt out and apart, and just wiped those off with a rag sprayed with some Rem Oil. It didn't really needed it, but since I was in there I did it.