Identifying signs of excessive pressure

Status
Not open for further replies.
Well, I thought I was buying it when I obtained the German program to put on the computer, but it isn't the answer because they use different powders in Germany.
I have Powley's computer and it is bogus also.
I'm still looking for a reliable program.
Meanwhile, the book "Pistols Revolvers and Ammunition by Jossrand and Stevenson is the only reliable reference to the THEORY that I know of. Even Julian Hatcher did not have a suitable definition and when you read Jossran's explanation you will realize why... He was doing a reverse trace, as near as I can figure it.
Meanwhile, put me on your eMail list and keep in touch with me, please.
Incidentally, the book is long out of print but can be found on Bibliofind.com. Grit your teeth and pay the price; it is worth every penny.
Meanwhile I will research the company you indicate. And Oehler. B;u;t, I fear that a "budget priced" strain gage is not the answer either. They make good ones for NASA, but they cost 20 G's.
 
DIAGNOSING PROBLEMS w/ PICTURES

Go to http://stevespages.com/table3.html and read the article

Case Information/Diagnosing problems

There are LOTS of pictures; the article deals with diagnosing the appearance of fired rifle cases, but all of it applies to reading pistol cases.
 
RANDOM RAMBLINGS; I AIN'T FEELIN' NO PRESSURE

Mr. "Pistolsmith" is way experienced; please do NOT disregard his (actual) experience.

Pressure occurs at each firing in every gun, yet EACH firing is a unique non-repeatable experiment.
No one (except Clark) wants to blow up their gun.
Nor do providers of data want their customers to have 'interesting experiences'.

Handloaders seeking performance above published maximums MUST use every stinkin' tool available, because there is NO 'holy grail' for the pressure generated in their gun.

I observe case condition, (the ever-so-nebulous-and-personal) "feel", and my chrono data.

Bottom line: be careful, because there is no one else to blame.
 
Poodocker:You have left out so much vital information that what you have said is virtually meaningless.
I did give the most important information when I caveated the statement with the word "Personally", indicating that this is how I do it, not how the world at large does it. BTW, "Poodleshooter" is a Vietnam era slang for the M-16/AR-15 series of weapons.
Obviously, you don't need any of the above to "wing it" with your rifle, given your experience at handloading.

I realize from your website that you are much more experienced than I am (only reloading for 12 years or so), but if failing to take into account the entire list of variables that you gave.....
You need to state what kind of rifle, the caliber and note whether the chamber falls within SAAMI specifications for this caliber and if the dimensions are on the low or high side of the tolerance given. Yup, you need a micrometer.
You need to give the diameter of the throat.
You need to give the groove diameter precisely.
You need to determine how much excess headspace your rifle has by closing the bolt on a cartridge and a small piece of steel shim stock. Remove the striker for safety reasons. This rearward expansion can be a factor in weakening the case at the web and giving false "stickiness" feel on extraction.
You need to state what cases you use and whether they are unfired or reloaded and how many times reloaded.
If reloaded, state what die set you use and if it full length or merely neck sizes the cases.
Then give the length of the throat and the proximity of the bullet ogive to the rifling, i.e., a slight gap of X thousandths, touching the lands, etc. THEN give the bullet make, weight and powder charge
.....is "winging it", then every reloader that I know is "winging it" to some degree or another.


But, there are first time reloaders on this forum that are going to take what you say as a guide. If they have a different rifle, caliber, different ammunition and loading dies, use different brands of case, primer, powder and bullets the observations you have made just might result in different results than those you have had for all of those years.
Yes, that is true. And yes, they may see different results. However, if we caveat every statement we make about reloading here with "These results will have no bearing on what you just asked", then what is the point of posting? We come here to give tidbits of information to one another. Anyone who announces themselves as a newbie gets a first recommendation to buy several manuals and take everything read here with a grain of salt.
You could spend a day or so pondering your definition of primers flattening. Just beginning to lose the roundness at the edge of the primer pocket, totally flat, ironed out flat, picking up some kind of characteristic like ironed out primer indent, rudimentary flow into the firing pin hole, etc., etc.
One man's rifle may show these things out of sequence as the pressure spikes. Someone who crimps the case mouth may find yet another set of clues.
I've seen rifles that were carefully chambered by a gunsmith who was a member of the Pennsylvania Original 1500 yard shooters that fired rounds approaching proof pressures that would befuddle someone trying to use your criteria.
Again, to my knowledge, most reloading manuals don't go beyond the pictures and descriptions of "flattened" and "cratered" primers. Do those pictures exactly duplicate the results that the reader will see in his rifle? Of course not. They are no different than my rather general suggestions.
The best you can say is that you have not had any problems to date (or have you?)
I blew a primer once on a 100+ degree day in a .223 while developing match loads. I have never blown a casehead, and still haven't seen any cracked brass except in surplus factory ammo. Never in my reloads.
What you are doing is only for very experienced handloaders who like to live on the edge. Frankly, I have never heard of a target or a game animal that could tell the difference of fifty to a hundred feet per second difference in velocity of the bullet.
Whenever I develop a load, I run the load up until I see beginning pressure signs, at which point I quit and usually drop down to the last load below the pressure period. I do like to know where pressure develops for records purposes. In fact, I have to know this, as factory manuals occasionally list charges exceeding those posible in my weapons by a large margin.
If you are a first time handloader, do not deviate from the book, and compare the reloading book to the powder maker's data book.
I agree, but with the strict criterion you have given for beginners, they would need to duplicate the rifle and all other test data used to develop every load in the book! Yes, beginners should follow the manual, drop 10%,etc, but exact duplication is never going to be possible due to lot variations, and a host of other variables.
If you decide to use the scrape marks on the case as an indicator, there are several things that could make your rifle's ballistics different from the person's rifle who gives the instructions.
He may have a bolt action and you have an autoloader.
You may use small base dies.
Your chamber may be slightly funnel mouthed for certainty of feed.
Etc.
Just for the thread author's benefit-my data for rifles is derived from loading for 5 different bolt actions in different calibers and models, one lever action and 2 semi-automatics. All using Lee and Redding dies. All with factory chambers, as I don't bother with cerrosafe. If that isn't enough, or if anything I say is found to contradict that in any manual, then ignore my statements.
Then, there are handguns that don't give up this "seat of the pants" data as easily as a rifle, and the consequences could be that somebody is hurt. Trust the loading book author, not the self-styled reloading guru at the range.
Very true. As Reagan said: "Trust, but verify".
And, if you feel that you need more velocity than max loads, consider that you may be using an inferior bullet design. Some of the most expensive ones out there are ineffective under certain conditions.
I actually load light, as I shoot a lot of thin jacketed Remington and Winchester bullets.
I'm not trying to be difficult; I'm just worried whenever I sit down to a shooting bench to the right of somebody I don't know. I've been seriously hurt twice due to other people's handloads and I hate hospitals. Been in the E room twice in the past two weeks and I've seen enough of it. I don't think you'd enjoy going through what I've been through.
So, remember that when using some powders, the pressure curve spikes straight up with little to no forewarning signs.
I don't shoot other peoples handloads. I also avoid reloaders I haven't shot with before. From your history, I certainly understand your concern! :what:
However, I still feel that my statement about the appearance of pressure signs, while not as complete as it could be, is quite safe as what is said in it is echoed in many reloading manuals.
If we had to annotate every statement here with enough information to protect every fool out in the world, we'd never finish our posts.
 
Well, you might show concern for some who print out responses, save them for years and use the data after the circumstances surrounding the post are forgotten.
When you deal with some subjects like handloading that can result in serious injury or death, it pays to be concise. If you don't want to take the time, make certain that you list your answer as what it is. As an experienced handloader, the new followers of the forum are looking up to you and believe me, they will quote your statements as incontravertable gospel. Just be aware.
Believe it or not, a visitor this morning quoted an article I wrote in 1968 that was highly technical in nature and I had forgotten that I ever wrote it. Things have a habit of coming back to haunt you; more especially things written in haste.
And, no offense meant. During the 60's we raised mini poodles. My favorite collective name for our three was "poodockers." My current pal is a Silky terrier named "Waldo" and everyone who visits my shop has met him, since he is the official greeter.
And, I'm aware of the definition. During the Vietnam war I did lots of work for the SF people at the nearby army base. My smallest poodle was trained to growl and snarl whenever the term "poodleshooter" was used. She could also salute, and she greeted officers with several smart ones.
 
So yer sayin that ammo thingie yer workin on aint workin?

(Guilty here, too; I quoted Mr. Pistolsmith back something he wrote last century.)
(9x21 :D )
 
attachment.php


I was shooting 308 brass in a 243 with 40 gr IMR and 100 gr, when changes in bullet pinch made big changes in pressure. The gun is ok, headspace did not change on the 1938 Turkish Mauser I rebarreled and trued the action.
 
I have cases saved that also have enlarged primer pockets and blackening from 32acp, 9x19mm, 9x23mm, .357 Sig, and 10mm.

Rimmed cartridges, like the 38 Special or 45/70 are stronger.

Semi auto pistols with feed ramp intrusion passed the case web are susceptible to case bulge and don't get far enough to loose the primer.
 

Attachments

  • dscf0032bulletpinch308brass243chambercroppedtwice.jpg
    dscf0032bulletpinch308brass243chambercroppedtwice.jpg
    23.3 KB · Views: 11,092
Last edited:
Those are excellent photos of near death experiences. Suvival was through the grace of a well designed Mauser action. Had it been a '95 or '93, your response would most likely have been in braille.
I'm unhappy to report that Fabrique Scientific no longer sells the strain gages for determining pressure levels. That leaves Oehler, and his system is OK for rifles and Contenders, but won't work with auto pistols of the most common design or with revolvers.
You gents realize that I'm grooming you to be the next generation of interesting, factual gun writers by stressing research and thorough discussion of a subject, don't you? Your next lesson will be not to expect the editors to understand a word you say.:banghead: :banghead: :banghead:
 
Impressive thread

Hey guys, the size of the thread and the number and depth of information presented is imperessive. Building up loads to stretch the limits reminds me of boys jumping on the ice in a lake to see if it is thick enough to be safe or not. Most survived and some did not. Even though I have loaded about 3 million rounds I had customers for my products and I have never felt the need to test the limits. I compared loads in at least three different manuals and picked a load that was adaquate to do the job whether it was punching paper on a police range or to bring home some dinner I have always been conservative. Possibly why I have reached retirement with all my limbs, fingers and eyesight intact. None of my law enforcement friends are alive today. I have loaded some 2,000 fps .357 magnum loads that I painted black with a marking pen to only be fired in my converted 1892 Winchesters on the family ranch.

I had to shut down a rifle range and kick out several customers that were competing to see who first could have their rifle bullets vaporize without reaching the target.

True stories. A fellow in Los Angeles County California bought himself and his dad a pair of new .44 magnum revolvers with a reloading outfit. He prepared a batch of ammo and went into the hills to try them out. They both decided to fire at the targets at the same time and both tore most of their right hands off. A gun shop owner in Glendale Calif told me of selling a .357 magnum and a reloading outfit to a elderly fellow from the "Old Country". A week or so later the fellow came in and wanted his money back as the pistol "Shot Too Hard". Of course the shop owner refused and a lengthy conversation ensued as to how the brass were reloaded with every step being asked and described properly and nothing was heard that the customer had done anything wrong. Operating the powder measure properly at the right setting, seating the bullets etc. and the shop owner finally convinced the customer to go home and shoot some more. So the disappointed fellow was going out the door then turned back and said, "I need some more powder". The shopman said well I sold you enough for a lot more ammo than you fired?? Then the customer said, "well I spilled the rest of the can on the floor so not wanting to waste it I filled up the cases with the spilt powder". It has been 27 years since I was told the story so forgot the number of brass sold and number of rounds shot but the cases were poured completely full, the bullets seated and fired and The Colt Python MK2 model held and was not damaged.

The current recommended powder charges are based on good data probably from injuries occurring from higher published data in earlier manuals.

Live dangerously fellows but think of reaching retirement with all your systems intact.
 
LIMITS?

We (me) don't need no steeenkeeeng limits (did I forget to mention "Screw SAAMI"?).


still echoing............
 
I have overloaded 33 different calibers to see what would happen.
Some calibers like 9mm, I have worked up to the limit with 3 different bullets and 12 different powders. That is 36 work ups to the limit for 9x19mm.

I certainly would not want my kids to take up this habbit, but I am not going to stop, as long as I can buy all those guns at the gun show for so cheap:)

I like to find out what the load books don't tell.
I like to find out which things the load books say are wrong.
I like to understand gun design.
 
To the contrary...

No one (except Clark) wants to blow up their gun.

Been there, did it on purpose. Late war Carcano, converted by the Italians to chamber 8x57 Mauser. Springfield Sporters had them on sale for all of about $39.95, so we bought one for the ultimate test. Fellow gunsmith and I had heard all sorts of horror stories about how the Carcano would send the striker back through the shooter's skull if things went overpressure.

One 8x57 Mauser case, 46 grains of WW231, one Hornady 170gr RN seated to the cannelure, light crimp, bullet painted blue.

8mm Carcano set inside pine box, with hole in front for muzzle, hole in back for trigger string, sandbags on bottom, then loaded Carcano placed inside, with more sandbags on top of rifle before the cover was fastened. More sandbags were added to the top of the closed pine box. The string was yanked from several yards behind, with the concrete firing range benches between the pine box and string puller.

The box kind of lifted off the ground momentarily. The rifle's stock was split wide open. The striker held just fine in the bolt. The bolt stayed just fine in the receiver. The forward receiver ring cracked, and sent the barrel downrange a few feet. The cartridge brass looked like it had been powdered, and impinged directly on all of the steel in the vicinity of the chamber.

That was the first, and only, destructive test I ever wanted to do. It gave me all sorts of respect for the pressures folks are dealing with when they handload, especially when they don't pay attention to details and handload the wrong way.
:what:
 
Pistol powder destructiveness

WW231 in a rifle? Deliverate destruction!! During WW1 General Thompson tested the 45acp Colt 1911 pistol to see what it would take to damage it. It took 9 grains of bullseye to ruin the 1911.
 
One could qualify that further...

Rifles don't count :neener:
Truthfully, sandbagged rifles in pine boxes fired remotely don't count.

I was having trouble finding a volunteer to fire it from the shoulder that day. No takers at all, matter of fact. ;)


I did see a Cimarron Arms SAA clone disintegrate rather spectacularly after what appeared to be a double-charge of Unique. The shooter was unhurt, save for his pride, but the cylinder and topstrap took off in different directions. One wedge of the cylinder embedded itself into a nearby 4x4 upright, and required pliers to remove. :uhoh:
 
I have been overstressing guns to destruction for 40 years, but nearly full time for the past 4 years.

I have too many guns that are destroyed and I didn't work up to it slowly. There went an expensive gun for some low value single data point.

Much better is a guns that works pefectly, and then the work up goes until the gun falls appart, or the brass falls appart. That is some data worth the money, danger, and effort.

Most guns suffer no ill effects from working up till the brass flows, but not all.

If you don't know what you are doing, you can get hurt.

I have seen the pieces of revolver cylinders fly out to the sides and make so much desruction, I would rather be hit with the bullet.
 
Pressure Ring Reading

If you want to know how this is done I'd recommend obtaining a copy of Ken Waters Pet Loads. Mine is in two volumes (rifles/Pistols) and covers all standard calibers.

I don't build a load out of any manual until I've cofirmed it's safety and efficacy through Ken's writings. Only been handloading for about 25 years myself but those are so far without incident.

These writings are collection of articles he did for HANDLOADER magazine back in the "old days". There is much discussion of theory involving powder, brass, primers, bullet weights/styles, accuracy, and pressure reading using the ring measurements. He does this for every caliber and even compares them in various firearm styles.

I consider it the best manual I own. Here is a review I searched up: Pet Loads
 
Ryder,
There is contributor to Glock Talk 10 Ring named Mike Mcnett that uses the Waters stystem to develop loads. Reading his posts saved me hundreds of hours getting to the bottom of what are the most powerful 10mm loads.

Myself, OTOH, I don't stop when case heads expand, I keep right on going to see what else happens.
 
Ryder, ya took the words right out of my mouth:D

Pet Loads was just a fascinating read for me, and still is. I once wrote Handloader asking about the .32-40 & my question was answered by Ken Waters himself - a letter I will always treasure. I hope he's doing well, I know he's got to be getting along in years.

As for me? ummm...no, I never was shy about stuffing powder in brass cases. So far, no Kabooms in 19 different rifle calibers and 16 different pistol calibers. That includes loading for things like Krags, 99 Savages, British single shots, blowback operated pistols, and Colt SAA clones - things where one can't get stupid on powder charges. Then again, I have a couple Rugers #1's that both run at velocities above what is claimed for their calibers.

Most of this has been a result of following Waters' procedures, and using common sense. In a couple of cases, I loaded some that proved too warm, but I never hit the danger zone.

I may have missed it posted above, but get yourself a chrono. Some years ago I worked up .25-06 handloads by checking the pressure rings of my loads, and matching them to factory Winchester 120 grain loads. Years later I got a chrono and discovered the factory loads were only making 2750 fps:cuss: a good 300 fps slower than spec. Since then I have found a couple other cases where factory loads weren't up to snuff.

Have fun:D
 
Status
Not open for further replies.
Back
Top