Here's my best guesses, but you really need measurements and close-ups of any headstamp markings to be sure of any of these:
1st and 2nd picture, L-R: 12mm Long pinfire, 5mm or 7mm pinfire, 12mm pinfire; the two larger rounds may have some letters showing the initials of the manufacturers on the base.
3rd and 4th picture, L-R: I'd need measurements and case lengths to give even a close guess, but they look like a 56-50 and 56-52 Spencer, and 38 Extra Long Rimfire.
the 5th picture is of various wooden blanks (30 Carbine, 8mm Mauser and 6.5x55 Swedish), that are usually used for either salute firing or launching grenades.
the 6th and 7th pictures likewise show a bunch of cartridges that I'd need measurements of to be able to give a definite answer on, but the 9th and 10 cartridges from the left appear to be 32 RF shot and ball rounds; the shot bound has a hollow wooden bullet that contains shot, and it breaks apart when fired. The 12th round appears to be a 25 Stevens RF, with an expanding "copper-tube" bullet. The 44 Colt was introduced in 1871, and was Colt's version of the 44 S&W Special, but it's long obsolete. The big necked rimfire is a 41 Swiss, used in the Vetterli rifles, and the 38 Dardick tround you already know. Hope this helps some, and if you can get some measurements off the rest with a pair of calipers, we can let you know the rest.