SD Ammo Tests Through 442, LCR, and 856

luzyfuerza

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I am not in the business of creating internet content. I don't own ballistic jell-o, or even a video camera. I'm just a guy who has his own range and some free time, and who sometimes carries a .38 special snubbie as a BUG.

I was curious about how various types of .38 special self defense ammo would perform when fired through my S&W 442, Ruger LCR, and Taurus 856. All three of these guns are "hammerless", or DAO. I wanted to see 1) if there was a measurable difference in group size and 2) POA-vs-POI for various ammo through each gun. While I was at it, I also wanted to see 3) how some of the SD rounds available for purchase in my area expanded in bare water jugs when fired from my 442.

Why shoot water jugs?

Well, because water jugs is a media that is ideal for creating bullet expansion. If a bullet doesn't expand when fired from a particular gun into water jugs, then it almost certainly won't expand when fired into gel, a meat target, or into an adversary. However, if a bullet does expand in water jugs all we know for sure is that it might expand in gel, a meat target, or an adversary. Water jugs are a way of distinguishing the boys from the men, so to speak. It doesn't tell us which of the men will work best in a fight.

Water jugs don't provide any information about penetration.

Shooting water jugs is what it is.

Lucky Gunner Labs and many others have done penetration and expansion testing in gel for some of the rounds I chose to test. I'm not trying to replicate any of their work. I'm just trying to understand how a variety of ammo works in my guns.

All groups are for five shots. POI is estimated from the center of the group.

Things I think I learned:

1) The 856 held its own when compared to results from the 442 and the LCR. I've smoothed out trigger components and opened the forcing cone gap on the 856, but haven't yet installed a lighter spring kit. The triggers on the 442 and LCR are MUCH better. I was amazed that group sizes and POA-vs-POI were pretty comparable between the three guns.

2) I couldn't discern a consistent difference in vertical POI when firing heavier vs lighter projectiles for any of these guns at ten yards. This might be more apparent when shooting at greater distances. But I chose to test at ten yards because I virtually never carry a snubby as a primary, and therefore for me they are a short range tool.

3) I was disappointed in expansion of the Hornaday 125 grain XTP and the Magtech 158 grain SJHP. And how the 110 grain Silvertip broke apart.

4) The Remington Golden Saber 125 grain +P shot decent groups and pretty much to point of aim in my carry guns, expands well in water jugs and clear gelatin, and penetrates reasonably deeply. It is my choice for carry ammo at the moment.

5) The 856 rotated the cylinder correctly on every shot. I did not observe any of the failures to rotate that have been noted elsewhere (e.g. https://youtu.be/yovjaagE_0A?si=6wi4iw6gy5UkSLmj).

6) As the creator of the Box 'O Truth often noted: "The sun was shining, it was a lovely day, and it was fun shooting stuff."


Here's my data:

1697843144717.png

ETA expansion data on Winchester Elite 130 gr JHP +P Defend ammo.
 

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Thank you for adding to the knowledge base. I'm also currently using the golden sabers in my LCR, they are a very decent compromise for such a small gun. My preference leans towards the heavier standard pressure loads in a snub but the GS ain't bad. When the cold weather hits I usually switch over to 150gr hardcast wadcutters.
 
TY for the good info. I'm starting to come to similar realizations about short-range shooting.
 
3) I was disappointed in expansion of the Hornaday 125 grain XTP and the Magtech 158 grain SJHP. And how the 110 grain Silvertip broke apart.

I have some Hornaday 158 grain XTP (#90362). I wonder if that would perform even worse on expansion than the 125 grain out of a J-frame.
 
my 38sp ammo is lead ball, fmj or wadcutter. i wonder how these rounds would do?

The tests I’ve seen on wadcutters and the anecdotal evidence suggests they are viable. I tried reloading them from a speed strip and found them comparable to JHP and FMJ’s. I think one could get quick enough reloading them to carry wadcutters for defense.
 
I have some Hornaday 158 grain XTP (#90362). I wonder if that would perform even worse on expansion than the 125 grain out of a J-frame.
It's really easy to test for expansion in water. Just line up four (or more) water-filled plastic jugs and put a round into the front jug from the gun that you're interested in. If a bullet has little or no expansion in water jugs, it almost certainly won't expand in gel or in a real target.

In your case, Lucky Gunner tested that very round through a 2" barrel. Firing into clear gel.


Zero expansion, and 19" of penetration.

That's certainly not the kind of performance that I would look for.


This page summarizes all of Lucky Gunner's results for .38 special and .357 magnum defensive ammo. Makes it really easy to quickly compare results.

 
Check out "Lucky Gunner " self defense ammo tests. A lot of info on his sight!!!
 
Fun, huh?

One thing you might consider is using gallon-sized freezer bags filled with water (supported in a box set up). The soft and thin bags won't risk plugging the nose cavities quite like the harder and thicker plastic material used to make water jugs/bottles.

Also, when browsing ballistics testing sites on line, you might keep in mind that the use of clear synthetic gel generally is known to overstate penetration and understate expansion compared to results observed in 10% organic gel properly mixed, calibrated and kept at the right temperature.

I certainly wouldn't be surprised to see a 158gr +P JHP or JSP not fully deform and expand when pushed at the lower velocities of snub revolvers. In older days they were reported to produce inconsistent results when fired from 4" length service revolvers. ;)

Ditto the XTP bullet. Not a fast expanding bullet. The Critical Defense FTX bullet might be a better choice if you're hoping for a more modern design that might resist plugging and still offer expansion. They offer both standard pressure and +P loads. I use the standard pressure 110gr CD/FTX in my M37DAO, because it's built on the old Airweight frame (before being rated for +P) ... and I hope for the best with accurate placement.

The results for the different versions of the 158gr LSWCHP +P (also called a LHP by some) also offered unpredictable results in its heyday. Somewhere I may still have some factory organic gel testing results from Winchester, dating back to 2002, I think it was. They used a S&W M60 snub. Their 158gr LHP +P achieved expansion of .36" in the Heavy Clothing test, as I recall. I kept the Winchester for backup, and preferred the softer LHP +P from Remington. I still have a box or two of the older Federal 158gr Nyclad SWCHP +P. An old style 158gr that received decent reviews in older days.

FWIW, in some different hosted gel events that occured at my former agency's range, or which I went and attended, I saw the Speer 135gr GDHP +P (Short Barrel), Remington 125gr +P (Golden Sabre) and the Winchester 130gr +P RA38B (same as PDX1, in commercial packaging) all produced similar results in Heavy Clothing testing. Think 10-11+" penetration and .50"-ish expansion, fired from a 360PD and 642. Not bad. Those are the +P loads I prefer to carry in my +P rated J's.
 
It's really easy to test for expansion in water. Just line up four (or more) water-filled plastic jugs and put a round into the front jug from the gun that you're interested in. If a bullet has little or no expansion in water jugs, it almost certainly won't expand in gel or in a real target.

In your case, Lucky Gunner tested that very round through a 2" barrel. Firing into clear gel.


Zero expansion, and 19" of penetration.

That's certainly not the kind of performance that I would look for.


This page summarizes all of Lucky Gunner's results for .38 special and .357 magnum defensive ammo. Makes it really easy to quickly compare results.

THanks. They give the bottom line best ammo choices on this linked page:
 
I love those Golden Sabers -- very accurate. I load the 38 Special version up in 357 cases with a full load of H110 and shoot them out of a long barrel. I wouldn't expect them to hold up or penetrate on a large target, but they're very explosive on small targets.
 
So the "Feed your Revolver" link says, "If you throw out all the loads that had any failures to sufficiently expand or penetrate, you’re left with just two .38 Special loads that met the standards with both of the test guns: the Winchester 130 gr +P Ranger Bonded and the Remington 125 gr +P Golden Saber." So I see the Golden Saber in two versions, one for compact handgun. So I ordered some of the compact handgun ammo:

Remington Golden Saber Defense Compact .38 Special +P 125 Grain Jacket Hollow Point​

I don't know if I should continue to carry the Magtech wadcutters and keep the Golden Saber in my speed strip or switch to carry the Golden Sabers and leave the wadcutters home.
 
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