I was 15 years old when Winchester introduced the .264 Winchester Magnum in 1958. Though I then lived in urban Ohio, where you never saw antelopes playing and reindeer only at Christmas time, I decided that this belted Magnum was the "deer" cartridge I would first get when I finally "came of age". At the time, most of the gun articles available to me were found in the back issues of magazines like Outdoor Life and Field & Stream, written by scribes like Jack O'Connor and Warren Page that I got from my dad's barbershop.
As others have mentioned, when it first made its appearance to the hunting public, the new .264 was shoehorned between the revered, time-tested .270 Winchester and the latest ".280" caliber, the 7mm Remington Magnum. Many writers of the time (especially O'Connor) were making the arguments that, practically speaking, the .264 needed more recoil and noise, and greater chamber pressure, while sacrificing bore-life of the 2" longer barrel to get the same results as the old .270; while not achieving the "better" ballistic performance the new 7mm Magnum offered.
The military, college, marriage, children and a career passed me by in a flash, it seems, but I never did get around to obtaining that dream rifle of my youth. However, even today, no sporting rifle/cartridge combination brings more chutz-pah and "coolness" factors to the field for me than a Winchester Model 70 "Westerner", chambered in .264 Magnum.