One of the best starting points for a custom 6.5x55 is a Yugo 24/47 or M48. Since these are intermediate length actions, they cannot be converted to anything that is 30-06 length, so there is not a lot of demand for them. But they are the perfect length for 6.5x55, 7x57, 8x57 or 257 Roberts. You can get one in good condition for around $175.
Rifles can't read headstamps. So your rifle will not "know" whether you are shooting 270 or 6.5x55. It only "knows" the thickness, type, and geometry of metal between the powder and the outside world. 30-06 pressures in a modern or LR Mauser 6.5 are as safe as 30-06 pressures in an 06. And long experience has shown that well made LR Mausers will routinely handle 30-06 and 270 pressures.
I have pressure measuring equipment, and routinely run my modern 6.5x55 at 58 KPSI. That's pretty conservative, not hot rodding. I think that running it at 62 KPSI is probably just as safe. With that, I get 3050 FPS with a 120 grain bullet.