Firearms cartridges work by sealing the chamber against the pressure.
When the round is fired the casing expands and momentarily sticks to the chamber wall. This seals the chamber, and the bullet or shot has only one way to go....down the barrel.
With lube in the chamber, the case cannot seal against the chamber, and tries to slide backward. This causes chamber pressures to skyrocket.
This causes bad things, from being really hard on the gun, to a "KABOOM".
Lube in the barrel cannot move out of the way of the bullet or shot fast enough.
The round tries to push the lube ahead of it, and if there's too much lube, it can't move out of the way fast enough.
This can cause bad things, from bulging the barrel, causing a ring in the barrel, or a "KABOOM".
In other words, wipe the chamber and bore with a patch before firing.