The rust is no issue with your bolt, I am glad you got that taken care of.
All Mosin’s are serialed, rearsenaled rifles will have been brought to spec and serials made to match.
The 7.62x54r is a rimmed cartridge, with the headspace being set on the rim and not the cartridge shoulders, like a 30-06 and others,......you can easily disassemble the body from the head and replace the body while retaining the bolts head and the same headspace.
Fact is, you can swap out the whole bolt, body, bolt head and all, and not have too many worries, as the bolts head bears the rims headspace and the chambers pressures, and rim thickness is fairly consistent, like the bullet diameters are when manufactured.
I’ll be betting the bolt was stored separately from the rifle, and some rust developed.
Got pics of the barrels chamber end? That would tell you a lot more about what you have.