"Check Out Jeff Zimba from Small Arms Review, he tested 12ga from 7" to 30" barrels. With 2 3/4" Remington Sluggers, 22"-30" barrels were getting 1575ish FPS. The 18" barrel got 1425ish FPS....
Extra length in a shotgun does TWO things. Longer Sight radius, and extra weight. A properly choked 18" barrel will do the same as a properly choked 30" barrel. "
I tried in vain to find this article online. I don't doubt the results, however the 3" rnd adds a little extra that produces quite the fireball from a 18.5" brl.
I think a closer example, to the 20ga, would be the 44 magnum in a lever.
Resting between the 1/2oz hi-vel slugger & the 5/8oz regular slugger the 240gn pistola cartridge 44 shares a blunt profile even if the 20ga is right at 1.5X diameter.
Interesting is Chuck Hawks' take on the lowly 20.
http://www.chuckhawks.com/shotgun_slugs.htm
"Conventional Foster type rifled slugs generally weigh 1 ounce in 12 gauge, 4/5 ounce in 16 gauge, 5/8 ounce in 20 gauge, and 1/5 ounce (or 87 grains) in .410 gauge.
The 12 gauge slug has an advertised muzzle velocity (MV) of 1560 fps from a 2 3/4" high-brass shell, 1680 fps from a 2 3/4" Magnum shell, or 1760 fps from a 3" Magnum shell. These are Remington figures from their 2004 catalog. The MV's of the other gauges are similar.
The catalog energy figures for the common high-brass ("maximum") 12 gauge slug load are an impressive 2361 ft. lbs. at the muzzle, but only 926 ft. lbs. at 100 yards. This is due to the very poor BC of the slug.
Sighted to hit dead on at 50 yards, that slug is 4.8" low at 100 yards. The more powerful 12 gauge slugs are only marginally better, and kick noticeably harder. No matter what, rifled slugs remain a short range proposition.
Stick with 12 gauge Foster type slugs for deer hunting as the smaller gauges pack much less punch. The 20 gauge slug develops only 648 ft. lbs. of energy at 100 yards, which given its low SD is not encouraging.
I have done some testing with .410 rifled slugs and they are definitely not adequate deer loads. The less said about these small bore rifled slugs the better."
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"The less said about these small bore rifled slugs the better."
A 61 caliber, 273gn chunk of lead chugging along over 1000'ps shouldn't have a problem penetrating a thin skinned critter.
"...only 648 ft. lbs..."
Sounds like your run of the mill 4" brl ME of a hot .357 magnum knocking on the door of a warm 10mm load.
This doesn't jive w/me & I can't call the logic kosher.
A lot of deer harvested aren't any or much larger than a brush goat. How much overkill is required?
I don't think the biggest, 'baddest' deer in the lower 48 could withstand a direct hit from the 20ga foster slug at 100 yards.
The gist of the problem appears to lay in hitting the sweet spot from that distance w/smooth bore.
Granted, this wouldn't be my rnd of choice for bear defense unless I was totin' a semi-auto w/15 rnd banana mag.
The soft lead wouldn't penetrate to vitals, yet I think I could turn 'em & take the wind outa their sail.
I wonder if any 20 gauge sabot loads are closer to the maximum 12,000 psi, SAAMI specification.
I take note that the Hi-Vel, 1/2oz, 20 gauge Slugger is rated a 1050 bar.
They say the 3" 20 killed the 16, so did the rifled slug brl, coupled w/sabot rnd, kill any notion of a 3.5" 20 gauge?