.40/200/1000 Rule for Handgun Hunting

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scalper

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I recently stumbled across the so-called ".40/200/1000 rule" for handgun hunting. The idea is that these are the absolute minimums for handgun hunting rounds: 40 caliber, 200 grains, 1000 fps.

Assuming we are talking wild hogs or whitetail deer at a range of roughly 50 yards, what do you all think of these numbers? Are they reasonable?

I currently only hunt with .44 mag or 454 casull with factory ammunition. I have never employed my handloaded rounds on a hunt, because I was never confident about my numbers (are they adequate). With some sort of minimums, this gives me an idea of what I need for a few other guns I have like my 45 LC or 10 mm.

Mainly just looking for good solid numbers for handgun hunting rounds, with a variety of calibers.
 
Probably not a bad rule to follow, but there are some reasonable exceptions to it. The Hornady 180-grain .44mag. ammo from my Super Blackhawk has done in several deer. Head shots with a .22 Hornet Contender (10-in. barrel) have dropped deer for me. The King of all handgun deer cartridges - the .30 Herrett with 125/130gr. slugs - will definitely do a major number on deer beyond 100yds. The .357 Herrett is just more of the same.
But the Hornet and the Herretts are not for everybody so seems to me your 40/200/1000 rule has a goodly amount of merit.
Gotta add that I've never shot at anything but paper with any .40 caliber so maybe I would change the rule to 44/180/1400. ;)

Interesting question !

:cool:
 
Naw, a 180 grain .357 magnum at 1406 fps puts that one to rest, quite effective for hunting deer or hog. Actually, I've killed 2 deer with a Blackhawk shooting a 158 grain SWC at about 1470 fps. No hogs, yet, but that's what I worked that 180 grainer up for.

Also, a 150 grain .30 caliber bullet at 2100 fps works pretty well, too, from a handgun. :D 5 deer with that one so far. It's a 12" contender in .30 WCF. It's one HELL of a lot more gun than any .40 short and weak. Probably more accurate than any autoloader, too, considering it'll shoot 3" groups at its 200 yard sight in range all day long. Flat shooting, too, only 3" high at 100. I shoot a Nosler BT.

Rather than bullet diameter minimums, I just use the .357 magnum as the floor of the performance envelope. .40s, .45ACPs, any defensive caliber without the "magnum" moniker need not apply. You're fine with your .44 mag or .454 or a hot .45 Colt or your 10, not a problem. The 10mm IS the only semi auto defensive "magnum", good round. :D
 
Hey MCgunner...

Have been curious about the 30/30 from the Contender pistols as deer dispatchers . My Hornet is workable only in very, very limited circumstances.

What's your load "recipe" for the Nosler 150gr.? Have you tried any 125/130 grainers ? Are you shooting sillhouette with yours? If you do, what load do you use? What sight(s) are you using? What is the blast and lift like with your hunting load? Got a pic of your 30/30 ? Know a good source for a used 12" 30/30 bull barrel? ("Ed's Contenders" hasn't had one in a long time:()

:confused:
 
I can answer all, but a good source for the barrels, LOL. They're available a lot of places, just haven't priced any in quite a while. Recipe is 34 grains IMR3031. I'd have to measure OAL, but it fits the gun. I have a dummy round, as I do for all my loads, made up for setting the seating die. NRA Handloading manual gives 35.5 as a max, but I stopped at 34 with good results. I can't remember if I tried a hotter load, but I think it's getting pretty warm at 34 grains. Mean velocity for a five shot string was somewhere around 2050 fps. I loaded 35 grains behind a 140 barnes and got 2098 fps. I have loaded a 135 Sierra pro hunter bullet in front of 37.5 grains 3031 and it shot well, but I have only used the Nosler on game. If it ain't broke, don't fix it.

My barrel is the 12" hunter and incorporates a very effective compensator/muzzle brake. It recoils about like .38 loads in a K frame, very light. I have a Tasco Pro Point 2x with tapered dot reticle on the gun. The scope is clear, but not a great quality scope. Never gave me a problem on THIS barrel, but the reticule separated on a .45 Colt barrel with hot loads that recoils enough to hurt. LOL I sent the scope back, put it on the .30-30 barrel, and haven't had a problem with it since, but I'd recommend a better scope. I have it in Millett rings and mount.

It shoots 1.5 MOA with that combination. It is very effective on deer and up to 200 lb hogs (haven't shot hogzilla with it). I'll put up a pic later when I get time. I can tell ya this, with the compensator, it's loud. I take muffs along if I'm hunting from a box blind. It rang my chimes once and I learned my lesson. :D In the open, it ain't TOO bad, though, but I wouldn't wanna put too many rounds out of it without the muffs. One shot ain't bad, though..
 
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Thanks MCg....


Don't know if I would rather put up with the "lift" or the blast. Of course, even without the brake the darn thing is probably plenty loud.
Isn't the "Pro-Hunter" a flat base bullet ?
Agreed - fixing things that aren't broke is Good Stuff.

Am surprised the RedDot-type can deliver that kind of accuracy but haven't tried one on any centerfires. The one on my .22lr bull barrel does real well but I haven't shot it at targets farther than about 30yds.

My Hornet wears a Nikon Monarch 2x EER and it appears close to MOA but I've only shot one 5-shot group at an actual 100 yds. with it and the wind got the best of me that time. Group was about 1.5" vert. x 3" horizontal from a makeshift rest. From the 10" barrel the Hornet is suprisingly loud too.

Only reason I can use the Hornet for deer duty is because I have three places where I can use a farm building for a "stand" next to bean fields where I can routinely see deer within no more than 60-65 yds. and I've not had to shoot even that far. That's a fairly easy head shot for the Hornet and it's power at that distance is thoroughly decisive with head shots.

Dang you !:cuss: All I need is another toy! NOT!:banghead:

Meant to ask... have you used/had luck with any factory ammo in the 30/30 Contender?


:D
 
Yeah, the pro hunter was a flat based spitzer designed for 30 cal pistols like .30-30 and .30 herrett. It doesn't carry as well at range as does the boat tailed 150 Nosler and the Nosler expands well. Also, the Barnes is an excellent bullet and might be best if you're hunting hogzilla.

The tapered dot works great on game. It's a four MOA dot. I have to use my own printed target design that centers the dot at 200 to "group" it at 200, because the dot covers a normal target to the point that you can't tell where he bull is. But, in the field, it really works well. Ain't like I've actually taken anything at long range, though. A spike last year at 90 yards is my longest shot with it, DRT with a high lung shot. Danged thing dropped so fast I thought I'd disintegrated it.

Well, I shot some 150 grain Winchester flat point, pretty anemic. I got about 1900 fps, a little shy, out of it and it really falls off past 100 yards. Handloading it definitely helps. Now, there wasn't such a thing as Lever Evolution when I worked these loads up, never bought any of those, but I doubt they'd out perform my Nosler loads.

Here's a pic of my barrels. The barrel with the silver scope on the blued barrel is the .30-30, think it's on the frame in this shot. The other scoped barrel is a .22 LR match barrel, very accurate squirrel gitter. I have an older .410/.45 Colt I like to carry when I'm checking the hog trap for rabbits, snakes, and grackels and such for fun and if I do see a hog walking down there, I can get the choke off real quick and stuff a .45 colt in it. The 10" bull barrel with the IHMSA site is in 7mm TCU, another good caliber to hunt with and I've given thought to scoping that one for the purpose, but the .30-30 has slightly superior balliistics. I have to size and fire form commercial .223 brass to 7mm for that one. There is no factory load available or brass that I've found. Maybe Starline might make it, but it's easy to make the brass, just requires a fire forming range trip. I shot IHMSA with that barrel, never used the .30-30 barrel. I shot a 150 sierra match king in it. Sort of boring and I quit doing it after a while. Seemed kinda stupid to drive 200 miles just to plink at steel targets. :D I was getting pretty good with it, was a bit of a challenge. The TCU shoots a much smaller charge of faster powder than the .30-30 and is very efficient. It's a pussy cat to shoot without a muzzle brake and it is loud, but not THAT loud considering the 10" barrel. A longer barrel would get it up closer to the .30-30 in ballistics and it's flatter shooting, but 10" was the rules in IHMSA for production class, so I went with 10".

Well, I guess we thoroughly jacked THIS thread, eh? :D

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LOL ! :D

Naw, I don't think we've hosed the thread - unless I've misunderstood Scalper's intent.

Scalper - if you're a reloader (or planning to be one) - the handgun scene opens up a LOT. For example - factory .41 magnums and .44 Specials are both severely underloaded and yet, if reloaded with good bullets (Hornady's are one example) to even 90% of their potential I would have faith in either as a 50-75 yd. deerslayer.
What type handgun did you have in mind, anyway ? :confused:

:cool:
 
45LC (maybe heavy, but not too hot)

What type handgun did you have in mind, anyway ?

Although I usually favor my .44 Mag and .454 Casull, this time I am interested in .45 LC primarily. I'd like to use it, but without pushing it into +P territory. I did noticed Buffalo Bore has a load for .45 LC that is not +P or hot (I believe they use the term heavy??) that seems to meet the .40/200/1000 rule.

To further restate my question, I am really probably after a 45LC load that can take deer, but is capable of being fired in ANY gun. Do you think a load like this would be decent? Any others you might recommend for the 45LC, again without excessive pressures?
 
the .40/200/1000 rule.

What complete, unadulterated crap...I hunted deer for nearly 30 years with a .357 blackhawk shooting plain ol' 145gr. Winchester silvertips. The deer didn't know they were supposed to bounce off 'em...
 
Hi Scalper...

You could load the Hornady 185gr. JHP to about 950fps (and probably 1000) and still be in pretty calm waters with it. I would expect that bullet at that speed to be quite effective at the ranges you're talking about.
If you sighted that load in for 75yds. it would be between 2" and 3" high at both 25yds. and 50yds. which means you could keep your sights aligned slightly below your desired "point of impact" (to keep it visible) all the way to 75yds. and be confident of a good hit. (Am assuming iron sights).
Probably not a head-shot load but certainly accurate enough for a lower neck or lung/heart shot at 50 or so yards. Probably good to 75 as long as you can do your part.

HTH
:cool:
 
Let's take it easy, huh?

There is no sense at all in being antagonistic about this, just because it runs contrary to your own preferences, prejudices, preconceptions, or pre-whatevers.

Many of the replies have dealt with rifle cartridges used in short carbines without shoulder stocks. I’d wager that most of them are outfitted with optical sights as well. When such a firearm is used afield, it is frequently fired from a bipod.

When I read the opening post in this thread, I was a little concerned about the misinterpretation of the old .40/200/1000 "rule." The original concept was not a rule, and NOT about hunting game. It was really a guideline, promulgated, I believe, by Julian Hatcher. It was a great simplification of his stopping power formula, and was actually concerned with the choice of anti-personnel handgun cartridges. Also, it's not as if you positively MUST have all those numbers as minimums. The whole thing is a trade-off. You needn't have 1000 fps if you have a heavier bullet, especially if it is of larger diameter. And, a .36 diameter bullet, even under 200 grains weight will do well, if it's going fast enough.

The concept was first set out in the days before reliable expanding bullets, and it had held true through the years. Think about those cartridges of acknowledged efficiency:
.45 Colt (.45/250/880),
.45 ACP (.45/230/830),
.45 S&W (.45/230/820),
.44-40 (.43/200/950),
.44 Special [warm hand load](.43/250/900) - - - all of these are/were good, solid gun fighting fodder, and has put many a meal in the pot as well.

In more modern times, there were no flies on:
.357 Magnum (.357/158/1300),
.44 Magnum (.43/240/1300),
.41 Magnum (.41/210/1000 or 1200).

Most of the later big bores, -- the .454, .480, .500 S&W and the like-- were conceived explicitly for handgun hunting. Handled properly, there's no question of their adequacy.

In the past 20 years, efficient expanding handgun bullets have become better and better, so the old guideline is not scribed as deeply or darkly as it once was. A bullet may not start out as .40+ diameter, but it may be induced to open up to that width if driven swiftly enough.

As this is the Hunting forum, there's no use in getting TOO far afield into the realm of people shooting. Suffice it to say, most of the larger, more powerful anti-personnel cartridges will serve well for hunting, up to deer-size game, IF fired from an accurate arm, by a shooter who can place his shots very close to the proper place.

Handgun hunting should probably be considered in very much the same light as bow hunting: Be as close as possible. Be as steady as possible. Concentrate on perfect shot placement. Even the best bow or best (conventional) handgun has only a fraction of the power of a rifle cartridge. And when you get into rifle cartridges for medium-to-large game hunting, you're well past the discussion of the ".40/200/1000" factors.

Best,
Johnny
 
Thanks, Shawnee for the suggestions on the 45 LC and thanks Johnny, for shedding light on the 40/200/1000 "guideline" and its history. It sounds like in the end, we always end up talking about energy anyway - smaller bullets need to go faster, and slower bullets need to be heavier. Probably for handguns 800-1000 foot pounds, I am guessing, would be a good rule of thumb.
 
Many of the replies have dealt with rifle cartridges used in short carbines without shoulder stocks. I’d wager that most of them are outfitted with optical sights as well. When such a firearm is used afield, it is frequently fired from a bipod.

My 12 inch and 10 inch contender barrels are no more bulky than a 7.5" super redhawk let alone an X frame. The contender is no heavier, and in fact the super redhawk is often sighted with a low power LER scope. I carry my contender in a shoulder holster and a bipod would just get in my way. It is a pistol. Put a shoulder stock on it and let a BATF agent see you and see what happens. Yes, my favorite round is a rifle round, so?

.40/200/1000 is a good rule for momentum games like pin shooting or pepper poppers. It can't really be applied to hunting, not in modern times. Even in revolvers, there are rounds like .357 Magnum and Maximum which make plenty of umph for thin skinned medium game up to and including black bear. Actually, the .41 mag can be pushed to .44 mag energy territory if you handload and quite safely. I WILL have a .41 someday. I sort of like the cult calibers, hot .45, .41. :D .44 mag is a fine cartridge, but it ain't got enough pizzazz. LOL!

I was reading about the .50 Wyoming Express, Freedom Arms's new load/revolver. I think the revolver manufacturers have finally reached the maximum of shooter tolerance. If .460 is hard to shoot, that .50 sounds terrifying. LOL! I think I'll give that one a pass. It is my ultimate goal when I get a little more income in a few years to get a Freedom Arms revolver, but I think I want a .454 Casull. That's enough, don't need to get ridiculous. LOL Mainly, I just like the revolver, very high quality and very accurate handgun in a powerful caliber that is not overly heavy like an X frame. Talk about your carbines! The X frame weighs more than many carbines. My contender is positively svelte by comparison.

Yes, I think energy is a better rule of thumb than bullet momentum. I think for our deer down here, an impact energy of 600 ft lbs is enough. Only the hottest .357s out to 50 yards really will make that. .44 mag, .41 mag, .45 Colt are not a problem. So, over 40 caliber really is better, but I'd push it well past 1000 fps for maximum range effectiveness. Thing is, you have to have complete penetration. Expansion on a flat nose bullet is not really necessary in my experience if you have a good, flat bullet. It will give a plenty good wound channel and a hole in both sides of the animal. What I like about the .30-30 contender is the rifle bullet, the BC, the fact that it carrys 1000 ft lbs (actually 960 I believe) at a full 200 yards. There is no arguing that one for effectiveness. It also offers a flatter trajectory than big bore pistol bullets. It's no less a handgun, just a one shooter that chambers a really effective round. I can understand the angst of calling a XP100 or that Savage (don't recall the model) a handgun. We all have our idea of what the definition of a handgun is, I guess, but I think of it as a gun that is carried in a holster. Those guns really are short rifles without butt stocks. I don't think of the contender that way. Oh, it took me a while to warm up to it, I'll admit, but once I got one, I couldn't believe I'd never owned one before. I mean, I think of single shot muzzle loading pistols as handguns, why not the contender? It is an amazingly versatile hunting system, too, with a selection of barrels to chose from.
 
Hmmm. Now you guys really got me thinking....

Here is the load: Buffalo Bore's 45 ACP +P 230 gr. JHP (950 fps)

Since it meets the requirements of the guideline, would this round be enough for a non-head shot? I have always felt that my 45 ACP was not adequate for any type of pistol hunting. I guess that is what my father always preached, but now you got me thinking, that with the right round, it wouldn't be more than adequate to accompany me to the tree stand. This is an interesting thought that I have never considered, but since it is the pistol I am connected to at the hip, and shoot most accurately with (much better than my 44 or 454), perhaps I should look into it.
 
With the ACP I think I would opt for the 185-grainer at 1150 just because it churns up more energy, needs less energy to expand, and shoots flatter. That 230-grainer looks a hair dicey in the energy dept. Local opinion may vary.;)

One thing to check out though is the sighting equipment on your gun. Sights that work great at a shooting range out in the middle of broad daylight may, or may not, be excellent sights under varied hunting conditions.

:cool:
 
Not enough sectional density for my comfort, not enough penetration for something like a hog. It'd no doubt work on small deer at under 50 yards, though, if it's accurate enough. Forget anything further, too much velocity loss, rainbow trajectory. I'd rather shoot a SWC than a hollowpoint, though, to insure as much penetration as possible.

I'd be happier with a .45 Colt shooting a 255 flat nose at 900-1000 fps. You'll get plenty of tissue disruption and good penetration with that load and it's standard pressure.

I used to go hog stickin' with a guy at night that had dogs. Only carried my gun for back up in case the hog got loose and started slashing dogs/humans. We cut their throats to kill them, didn't use the gun. I carried a .45ACP for that, 200 SWC grain bullet loaded to over 1100fps, +P load. I used those hunts as an excuse to get a .45 Colt Ruger Blackhawk and worked up a 300 grain bullet to 1120 or so fps out of a 4 5/8" barrel. It's a little more reassuring than a .45 ACP. I probably would have been better off back then totin' my Ruger Security Six with hot .357s, but I was drinking out of Jeff Cooper's water fountain at the time, thought the old war horse would just blow 'em into pork steaks for me. I've since learned better. LOL
 
.40/200/1000 translated into Taylor's KO formula means .40 x 200 grs x 1000 fps divided by 7000 = 11.43
Compared with...
158gr .357 @ 1450 fps = 11.68
180gr .357 @ 1200 fps = 11.02
255gr .452 @ 900 fps = 14.82

Just food for thought...
 
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