I am in Florence, 67 miles from my house to Larry's Pistol and Pawn with The Ammo Dump indoor range in Huntsville. I would call the area gun-friendly, but then I have lived here for most of my adult life and don't really know what goes on elsewhere. I don't know the current sheriff's permit policy, but most of the folks I know in Madison Co. have one, so he can't be too tough.
I will be at Larry's this evening for the biweekly IDPA indoor shoot. The club rents the range after store hours on alternate Tuesdays. IDPA is my main sport and I can shoot it within a reasonable combat radius every Saturday and two Tuesdays a month. There are a couple others that are closer to Huntsville than Florence.
There is also IPSC in the area and some 3-gun.
Been a while since I did much shotgunning but you can find Trap, Skeet and Sporting Clays.
I am not as up on conventional (bullseye) shooting. I shoot a little F-Class at Tullahoma when available, and have traveled to Ft Benning and Memphis for it. Those places also shoot across the course. The Blue & Gray club at Guntersville and Magic City in Birmingham have programs that I know of.